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z 0
This allows the lumped circuit approximation.
_Q
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Can add loss (series and shunt resistors) but lets keep
it simple for now.
Add more sections and solution should converge
Distributed Model
L = zL
C = zC
z
L
v(z)
zC t
+ i(z + z)
2i
=
L
= C 2
tz
t
z 2
zt
note order of partials can be changed (at least in EE)
2v
2v
=
L
C 2
2
z
t
2i
=
L
C 2
2
z
t
2i
=
L
C 2
2
z
t
f
f u
f
=
= v
t
u t
u
2
2
f
f
2 f
=v
= v
2
t
u t
u2
1 2f
2f
= 2 2
2
z
v t
Wave Motion
f (z vt)
z
f (z + vt)
Wave Speed
Speed of motion can be deduced if we observe the
speed of a point on the aveform
z vt = constant
dz
dt
= v
g
g
f
f
+
= C v
+v
u
u
u
u
g
f
= C v
u
u
f
f
g+ =
g =
Z0
Z0
q
the line
Example 1 (cont)
We may therefore model the line with the following
simple equivalent circuit
is
Rs
Vs
v+
i =
Z0
+
Z0
Example 1 (cont)
The voltage on the line is a delayed version of the
source voltage
Z0
Vs
Z0 + Rs
v(z, t = /v)
v
z