ENGG2430D: Engineering Mathematics III

Spring 2015
Problem Set Assignment 1

Due: January 23nd, 2015, 6pm

Prob. 1 (20pts) How many different linear arrangements are there of the letters A, B, C,
D, E, F, G for which
(a) (5pts) A and B are next to each other?
(b) (5pts) A is before B?
(c) (5pts) G is not last in line?
(d) (5pts) If we add another letter C, which means there 8 letters of A, B, C, C, D,
E, F, G. How many linear arrangements for which D is at least next to one C?
(Hint: There are two C letters and they are treated as identical objects.)




, n = 1, 2, , k = 1, 2, , n.
Prob. 2 (10pts) Show that nk = nk n1
k1
Prob. 3 (30pts) In the lecture, we have learned the binomial theorem
n  
X
n k nk
(x + y) =
x y .
k
k=0
n

Now prove the following identities by utilizing this binomial theorem.

(a) (10pts) 2n
+ 2n
+ 2n
+ + 2n
= 22n1 , n = 1, 2, 3, .
0
2
4
2n








(b) (10pts) 12 n1 + 22 n2 + 32 n3 + + n2 nn = (n2 + n)2n2 , n = 2, 3, 4, .




n
m
n






(c) (10pts) m0 nr + m1 r1
+ 2 r2 + + mr n0 = m+n
, m, n = 1, 2, 3, , r =
r


n
0, 1, 2, , m + n. We take convention that k = 0 if k > n.






m
+ mr = m+1
is a special
[Note: One basic identity we have learned, i.e., r1
r
case of this identity where we can take n = 1.]
Prob. 4 (15pts) Suppose A and B are two events (not necessarily disjoint) with P (A) =
0.3 and P (B) = 0.5. Please find the largest and smallest values for P (A B) and
explain under what conditions the values can be attained. Whats the new result if
the parameters change to P (A) = 0.3 and P (B) = 0.9?
Prob. 5 (25pts) A subset A is included by set S means that every member in subset A is
also contained in set S. Given a set S = {1, 2, , N },
(a) (5pts) subset. How many subsets A are included by set S ?

(b) (10pts) k-subset. How many k-subsets A are included by set S, where k-subset
implies |A| = k ?
(c) (10pts) k-multiset. The notion of multiset (or bag) is a generalization of the
notion of a set in which members are allowed to appear more than once. How
many k-multisets A are included by set S, where k-multiset implies |A| = k ?