Heart and Vessel Homework and Review

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Correct all false statements to TRUE statements.
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1. After 4 to 5 minutes without blood flow, the brain cells are irreversibly damaged.

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2. The adult human heart weighs less than one pound.

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3. The structure of the heart allows it to function as a double pump.

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4. Murmurs indicate some defects in the valves of the heart.

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5. A pacemaker is a surgically implanted electronic device that regulates the patients heartbeat.

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6. The heart sounds heard through a stethoscope are caused by the impact of the blood churning in the chambers.

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7. The Purkinje fibers are located in the atria.

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8. An arrhythmia is any change or deviation from the normal rate or rhythm of the heart.

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9. Statins are drugs that may be used to lower cholesterol levels.

____ 10. Hypotension is a risk factor for heart disease.

____ 11. Thirty minutes of physical exercise is recommended for most days of the week as a way to improve health
and decrease risk factors for heart disease.
____ 12. Invasive procedures are those that do not penetrate the skin or a body cavity.
____ 13. Instead of using its own lungs, the fetus obtains oxygen and nutrients from the mothers blood.
____ 14. Arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
____ 15. Capillaries are the largest of the blood vessels.
____ 16. Congenital heart defects occur when there is a malformation of the heart during fetal development.
____ 17. A stroke is the sudden interruption of the blood supply to the brain.
____ 18. The portal circulation is a branch of the general circulation.
____ 19. Congenital heart defects occur when there is a malformation of the heart within the first six months after
birth.
____ 20. Cerebral hemorrhage refers to bleeding from the blood vessels within the brain.
____ 21. Peripheral vascular disease is caused by blockage of the coronary arteries.

____ 22. Hypertension is frequently called the silent killer.

Completion
Complete each statement.
1. Blood leaves the heart through ____________________ and returns by ____________________.
2. The heart is located in the ____________________ cavity.
3. The double layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart is the ____________________.
4. Name the four valves of the heart: ____________________, ____________________,
_________________________, and _________________________.
5. _________________________ is the total volume of blood ejected from the heart per minute.
6. The term used to describe a slow heart rate is____________________.
7. An inflammation of the heart muscle is called ____________________.
8. The blood contains ____________________ and other fat substances called ____________________.
9. ____________________ is a procedure to help open clogged vessels.
10. A device that shocks the heart to return it to a normal rhythm is called a(n) ____________________.
11. The ______________________________ takes deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs where carbon
dioxide is exchanged for oxygen.
12. The ____________________ is the largest artery in the body.
13. The ______________________________ brings oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
14. The pressure measured at the moment of the hearts contraction is the
___________________________________, while the lessened force of blood as the ventricles relax is called
the ___________________________________.
15. A(n) ____________________ is the alternating expansion and contraction of an artery as blood flows through
it.
16. The ballooning out of an artery and thinning of the artery wall is called a(n) ____________________.
17. Another term used to describe high blood pressure is ____________________.
18. Another term used to describe low blood pressure is ____________________.
19. A temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain is a(n) ______________________________.

20. A loss of ability to speak that may be accompanied by loss of verbal comprehension is called
____________________.