Culler/Biology 1.

2Homeostasis & Cell Division STUDY GUIDE Name_ANSWER KEY pd__ date____
1-What does a buffer do to help a cell maintain homeostasis? Maintain pH levels
2- If I had a red blood cell and placed it in distilled water how would it react?
it would swell b/c it would take on water through osmosis
3-How are active and passive transport different?
Active requires energy - ATP
4-Which example best illustrates the process of homeostasis in an organism?
A the production of a hormone after a meal
(insulin!)
B the loss of body heat on a low-calorie diet
C the intake of carbon dioxide during respiration
D the increase of enzyme production while the body is at rest
5- What kind of actions does your body do to stay at homeostasis?
Releasing insulin, sweating, shivering
6-An animal cell containing a 5% concentration of solute particles is suspended in a 10% solution of
salt water. How will the cell react? Water will leave through osmosis cell will shrivel
7-

Please number the pictures in order! (interphase,

then the 4 phases of mitosis!)
Interphase#4, PMAT:2,5,1,3

8- Why is an increase in the salinity (salinity means the salt concentration) of lakes harmful to the
animals that live in them? The animal cells will lose water and dehydrate (shrivel)
9-What does the DNA have to do in order for an animal cell to divide, producing two identical cells?
DNA replication (copy itself during S phase)
10-If I sprayed perfume in the front of the roomthen five minutes later the students in the back were
able to smell it. What process do you think that would demonstrate? (active transport? Diffusion?)
diffusion
11- What part of the body (tissue) would have the lowest rate of mitosis? Skin? Pancreas? Ovaries?
Lowest: ovaries highest: skin
12- Each chromosome consists of 2 sister chromatids held together by a centromere
13- Mitosis is a process that makes 2 daughter cells from a mother cell. These cells are exactly the
same or different? Same! Asexual reproduction
14- What would happen to the cells of a patient if you gave them an IV of pure water?
Their body cells would swell and possibly burst
15-Active transport is a way for molecules to move across the plasma membrane. When active
transport is used to move molecules, what is required to make it happen? __ENERGY (ATP)____
16-As a result of mitosis in a human skin cell, each new cell has _46__ chromosomes.
17- The DNA is replicating during the S phase (of interphase) of the cell cycle.
18-What does diploid mean? 2n=46 2 sets of chromosomes
What does haploid mean? n=23 1 set of chromosomes
If the diploid number of an organism is 30, the haploid number of the gamete is 15

19-A potato slice is placed in the beaker of distilled water, what do you think will happen to the potato
slice? It will take on water through osmosis and swell
20-The sodium-potassium pump is a cellular transport mechanism that requires ATP (ENERGY!), what
type of transport is it? PASSIVE or ACTIVE? ACTIVE
21- In the cell cycle, the period in between cell divisions is called: _interphase__
22-What is the cell cycle ? (definition in your own words?)

23-Why does diffusion occur? A. molecules constantly move and collide with one another.
B.the concentration of a solution is never the same throughout a solution.
C. the concentration of a solution is always the same throughout a solution.
D. molecules never move or collide with one another.
24-Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their cell cycle
25-. Mitosis produces daughter cells with identical DNA, therefore it is considered sexual or asexual?
26-The cell is in (interphase / cell division) 5% of the time. (just circle one)
27-In which of the following pictures is the DNA condensed into chromosomes? (circle one)

28-TRUE or FALSE? During cell division:

each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cells DNA.
29- What does Interphase include? _G1_, _S_, _G2__
30-What happens in cytokinesis? ___cytoplasm divides (right after telophase)___________
31-Somatic cells are {body / sex} cells and gametes are {body / sex} cells. (circle the correct words)
32- Can you describe what is happening in the picture below? (in terms of osmosis and diffusion,
hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic)

HYPOtonic

Through osmosis water moved from the

HYPERtonic

left side to the right side in efforts to

reach equilibrium. Now both sides are of
equal concentrations

33-What is the following diagram of? Cell Cycle_ Please label everything
cytokinesis

D: M Phase

A: G1

inte
rpha

MITOSIS

B: S (DNA replication)

se

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

C: G2