n (V)

Qu kh

(+) S + Ved/ PI-ct 2

trong bng ng t bt
quy tc.
(-) S + didnt + V
(?) Did + S + V
Keys: Yesterday; the
day before yesterday;
ago; already; last; in +
mc thi gian trong qu
kh

Hin ti
(+) S + V/ V(s/es) +
Object...
(-) S do/ does not + V
+...
(?) Do/ Does + S + V
Keys: always; usually;
often; sometimes;
occasionally; ever;
seldom; rarely; every,
never, first, then
Tng lai

Tip din (be+Ving)

(+) S + was/ were +
Ving
(-) S + was / were not
+ Ving.
(?) Was/ Were + S +
Ving
Keys: While; when

(+) S + is/am/are +
Ving
(-) S + is/am/are not +
Ving
(?) Is/Am/ Are + S +
Ving
Keys: at this moment,
at the moment, at this
time, today, now, right
now, for the time
being (now), Look!,
Listen!
Not: SEE; HEAR;
LIKE; LOVE
(+) S + will / shall +
be + Ving
(-) S + will / shall not
+ be + Ving

(+) S + will/ shall + V

(will ngy nay c th
dng vi tt c cc
(-) S + will/ shall not +
V ngi nhng shall
dng vi I v WE ) (?) Will / Shall + S +
be + Ving
(?)Will / Shall + S + V
Keys: tomorrow; the
day after tomorrow;
next; in + thi gian
tng lai

Keys:

Hon thnh
(have/has/had + P2)

Hon thnh tip din

(+) S + had + PII

(-) S + had not + PII
(?) Had + S + PII

(+) S + had been +

Ving
(-) S + hadnt been +
ving
(?) Had + S + been +
Ving

Keys: before; after;

when; while; as soon
as; by (trc);
already; never; ever;
until...

(+) S + have/has + PII

(-) S + have/has not +
PII
(?) Have/ Has + S +
PII
Keys: just; recently;
lately; ever; never;
already; yet; since;
for; so far; until now;
up to now; up to
present; just

(+) S + will / shall +

have + PII
(-) S will/ shall not +
have + PII
(?) Will / Shall + S +
have + PII
Keys: By the time; By
+ mc thi gian trong
qu kh.

(have/has/had + been +
Ving)

Keys: before; after;

when; while; as soon
as; by (trc);
already; ever; until
(+) S + have/has been
+ Ving
(-) S + have/has been
+ Ving
(?) Have/Has + S +
been + Ving
Keys: All the
morning, all the
afternoon, all day
long, since, for, how
long, just; recently;
lately;

(+) S + will have been

+ Ving
(-) S + wont have
been + Ving
(?) (How long) + will
+ S + have been +
Ving
Keys: By the time +
mnh thi gian
th hin ti; by +
ngy/ gi.

Tng lai gn:

(+) S + is/am/are +
going to + V
(-) S + is/am/ are not +
going to + V
(?)Is/Am/ Are + S +
going to + V
Cch chia s nhiu:
th khng nh ca th hin ti n, "ng t thng" c chia bng cch:
- Gi nguyn hnh thc nguyn mu ca ng t khi ch ng l "I / You / We / They v cc
ch ng s nhiu khc"
- Thm "s" hoc "es" sau ng t (Vs/es) khi ch ng l "He / She / It v cc ch ng s t
khc"
+ Phn ln cc trng hp th ng t khi chia vi ch ng s t u c thm "s", ngoi
tr nhng t tn cng bng "o,x, ch, z, s, sh" th ta thm "es" vo sau ng t.
+ Khi ng t tn cng l "y" th i "y" thnh "I" v thm "es" vo sau ng t

Cch pht m s, es:

/iz/: ce, x, z, sh, ch, s, ge
/s/: t, p, f, k, th
/z/: khng c trong hai trng hp trn

Cch c ed:
/id/: t,d
/t/: c, ch, s, f, k, p x, sh
/d/: cc trng hp cn li