ELECTRONIC WARFARE

ELECTRONIC WARFARE
SUPPORT MEASURE
(E S M )

ESM
Definition
E S M is that division of E W involving actions taken to search for,
intercept, locate and immediately identify radiated electromagnetic energy
for the purposes of immediate threat recognition and the tactical
employment of forces.

Divisions
Strategic : Reconnaissance / Surveillance Systems
# ELINT
# COMINT
Tactical : Radar Warning Receivers
: Aircraft Self Protection Jamming Suit
: EW Aircraft
# Escort
# Support

ESM
FUNCTIONS
1. Search
Spatial
Spectral
Temporal
2. Intercept
* High Probability of Interception ( POI )
# Beam on Beam
#Beam & Frequency
3. Locate
4. Identify
5. Analyse

ESM
RADAR WARNING RECEIVERS
Real Time Self Protection to Combat Aircraft.
To warn the crew of immediate threat.
To achieve this R W R has to :* Intercept
* Measure Attributes ( PW,PRF,AOA,TOA )
*Analyse ( Grouping with Emitters )
* Identify ( Match with stored Data )
* Prioritise Threat
.

RADAR WARNING RECEIVERS

Signal Processing : Analog / Digital
1. Deinterleaving 2. Measurement of Attributes- PRF, PW, FREQ
3. Comparison with stored Data
4. Threat Assessment
5. Bearing Measurement
6. Display & Warning
Shadow Time : Duration for which a RWR is disabled while processing
current Radar threat.
Saturation Effect : Occurs in a RWR under high pulse density when the
pulse rate exceeds throughput rate of the system.
Old Type Rx 40 - 50 sec
New Type Rx 1-4 sec

RADAR WARNING RECEIVERS

Radar Warning Receiver Characteristics
Analog
VS
Simple Design
Needs Hardware
changes with changing
Threat
Heavy
High Power Consumption
Susceptible for saturation
Large shadow time

Digital
Relatively Simple
Flexible. Software
Changes .
Light
Low Power consumption
Graceful degradation
Relatively small shadow
time.