Flank wear

Preferable wear type in every application

Offers predictable and stable tool life.

Notch wear

Crater wear

Plastic deformation,
depression/impression

Depression

Cutting speed too high

Red

Too tough grade

Insufficient wear resistance

Sele
on d
resis

Lack of coolant.

Add

Sticky and/or work-hardening materials

Sele

Use of ~90 entering angle

Dec

Geometry is too negative

Sele
(for

Sele
(for
resis

Vary

Too high cutting speed and/or feed

Red

Too tough grade

Sele

Chip breaker too narrow

Sele

High heat load and pressure, cutting

temperature too high

Red
redu

Grade too tough/soft

If ed

Lack of coolant supply

If fla

Sele

Sele

Imp

Incr
incr

Sele
(less

Impression

Built-up edge (B.U.E)

Chipping outside cutting zone

Chipping on edge

Thermal cracks

Too low cutting temperature

Welding of the chip on insert

Sticky/smeary material

Geometry too negative

Sele

Chip jamming because of facing

towards shoulder

Cha
towa

The chips are deflected against the

cutting edge

Cha

Not optimized feed or feed direction

Cha

Sele
the c

Mak
stab

Sele

Sele

Swi
copi

Unstable conditions

Grade too hard/brittle

Varying cutting edge temperatures

Breakage

Slice fracture - ceramics

Intermittent cuts and coolant

Grade is sensitive to heat shock

Dec

Excessive wear

Grade too tough (deformation andbreakage)

Run
chec
dom

Cha

Sele

Red

Sele

Sele
cham
chan

Grade too hard

Excessive tool pressure.

temp