Mendel and Heredity

Genetics and Heredity

Genetics

Study of Heredity

Heredity

The passing on of traits from one generation to the

next

Who was Gregor Mendel?

Known as the Father

of Genetics
Austrian Monk
Crossed Pea Plants

True-Breeding

All off-spring display only one form of a trait

Homozygous Dominant

P Generation

Parents

Genotype
The genetic makeup of an organism

Phenotype
Traits expressed by an organisms

genotype

Allele

One form of a gene

Homozygous

Both alleles of gene are the same

Heterozygous
Organism

has different alleles for trait

Dominant
Allele whose trait (phenotype) is always

expressed

Recessive
Allele whose trait (phenotype) is only

expressed when two copies of the allele

are present
Masked by dominant allele

Monohybrid Cross

Involves a single trait

Law of Segregation
The 2 alleles for a trait separate when

gametes are formed

Law of Independent Assortment

Alleles of different genes separate

independently of one another