District Assessment Review 2015

Science District Assessment will be on March 19, 2015

Assignment will be due Monday March 16th, 2015
This will be a graded assignment
Assignment: For each topic, students will read the information thoroughly and
write the questions per topic as follows that is with 4 answer choices:
a. Animal and plant cells structures and functions (4 questions)
b. Comparing sexual and asexual reproduction (4 questions)
c. Human body systems (3 questions per body system)
1. Animal and plant cells structures and functions. (4 questions).
Plant cell only

Both

Chloroplast
Cell Wall

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Cell membrane

Animal cell only

Chloroplast: It is an organelle (structure) in the plant cell that contains chlorophyll (pigment that gives
plant its green color) and photosynthesis takes place. This is where plants make their own food
(glucose). Animal cells dont have chloroplast. It is like a chef in the restaurant which makes food.
Cell Wall: The outermost layer of the plant cell that gives plant its shape, support and rigidity. Animal
cells dont have cell wall. It is like the bones in our body that gives shape to our body.
Nucleus: The structure in the middle of the cell that holds genetic material (DNA, chromosome, and
gene). It controls the activities of the cell. It is like the brain as it controls the cell just like our brain
controls our body.
Mitochondria: The rod shaped organelle in the plant and animal cell where energy is made in the form
of ATP using glucose and oxygen. The process of using glucose and oxygen to make energy is called
cellular respiration. It is like the Sun because both things make energy.
Cytoplasm: The gel like structure which is made up of mostly water in which all the organelles float is
called the cytoplasm. Cyto means cell, plasma means water. It is like a swimming pool as both the
cytoplasm and swimming pool hold water.
Vacuole: This organelle holds food, water, and waste of the cell. It is like your urinary bladder
because your bladder holds the urine.
Cell membrane: The outer layer of the animal cell that protects the cell and controls the movement of
things in and out of the cell. It is like the skin as it is the outer layer of our body and protects us from
infection.
2. Types of Reproduction: Compare the results of uniform (identical) or diverse offspring from

sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction. (4 questions)

Sexual Reproduction: The reproductive process that involves two parents who combine their
genetic material to produce a new organism. The offspring (children) are genetically different
from their parents. The offspring may look similar to the parents, but not identical.
Asexual Reproduction: The production of offspring by a single parent, without the union of a
sperm cell and an egg cell. The offspring are genetically identical (100%) same as their parent.
Sexual Reproduction

Require 2 parents.
Offspring are genetically diverse
(different).
Large chance of evolution
Species will be able to adapt to new
environment
New character is formed
Reduce the chance of passing diseases
Half of the population is capable of
development
Finding a mate
Long time
No guarantee that an offspring would
be born

Asexual Reproduction

Require 1 parent.
Offspring are genetically identical.
Large guarantee that offspring would be
born
Fast process.
Genetic material need not to be produced
No fertilization
More reliable because fewer steps, so less
can go wrong.
No chance of an evolution taking place
Disease and bad qualities are passed
down to offspring

3. Human Body system: Identify the main functions of the systems of the human organism,
including the circulatory and respiratory systems. (3 question PER body system, total of 24
questions).
Circulatory system
Structures or parts: Heart, Blood, and Blood
vessels.
Functions of the circulatory system:
a. Blood carries needed substances
(oxygen, water, nutrients) to the cells
b. Blood takes waste away from the cells.
c. White blood cells in your blood fights
infection and disease.
Circulatory system is like a highway, car, road,
postman, pizza delivery person, etc. which
carries oxygen, nutrients, water and other
needed substances to the cell and takes the
waste away from the cell to be excreted out of
the body.

Respiratory system
Structures or parts: Nose, mouth, throat,
trachea, lungs (bronchus, bronchioles,
alveoli).
Functions of the respiratory system:
a. Breathe in oxygen and supply oxygen
to the blood.
b. Take the carbon dioxide from the
blood and exhale out of the body.
Respiratory system is like a heater because
just like a heater which brings warm air
inside the room, the respiratory system
warms the air before it goes inside the
blood.

Digestive System
Structures: Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small
intestine, Gall bladder, Pancreas, Liver, Large
intestine.
Functions of the digestive system:
a) Breaks down food into small molecules
that can be used by the body.
b) Absorbs nutrients from the food into the
blood.
c) Eliminate solid waste from our body.
Digestive system is like a knife, mop, and
garbage can.

Excretory system
Structures (Urinary system): Kidneys, Ureters,
Urinary bladder, Urethra, Skin, and Lungs.
Functions of the excretory system:
a) Eliminate cellular waste (carbon dioxide,
excess water, urea, and salt) from the
body through lungs, skin, and kidneys.
Skin is part of both the integumentary and the
excretory system. The skin eliminates excess
water and salt in the form of sweat.
Lungs are part of both the respiratory and the
excretory system. The lungs eliminate carbon
dioxide from the body through exhalation.
Excretory system is like a trash can.

Nervous system

Integumentary

Structures or parts: Brain, spinal cord,

neurons (sensory, inter, and motor)

Structures or parts: Skin (dermis, epidermis,

hypdermis), hair, and nails.

Functions of the Nervous system

Functions of the Integumentary

system:

a. Control other body systems (ex:

muscular and skeletal)
b. Receives information from the 5 senses.
c. Responds to the information received.
d. Think, reason, control movement,
breathing and heart rate.
The nervous system is like a nucleus of the
cell as it controls the activities of the body.

a. 1st line of defense against pathogens

(bacteria and viruses). Protects from
injury and infection.
b. Controls body temperature (on a hot
day you will sweat which allows the
heat to leave your body and
evaporation of the sweat causes your
body to cool down).
c. Gathers information about the
environment (With the help of
sensory neurons, your skin enables
you to feel thi
d. Produces Vitamin D
e. Prevents water loss
f. Eliminates waste in the form of sweat
Integumentary system is like a security
guard as it protects the body from infection
and injury.

Skeletal system
Structures or parts: Bones, ligaments,
cartilage, joint, and tendons
Functions of the Skeletal system
a. Provide shape and support (It gives
shape to how we look. Compare the
shape of a lion to human. It supports
as without our bones we would be a
blob.)
b. Enables you to move (It works with the
nervous and the muscular system to
enable us to move).
c. Protects internal organs (Heart and
lungs are protected by rib cage, Skull
protects the brain)
d. Produces blood cells (Blood is made in a
soft connective tissue called the bone
marrow)
e. Stores minerals (calcium)
The skeletal system is like the cell wall which
gives shape, and supports the plant cell.

Muscular system
Structures or parts: Muscles and tendons
Functions of the muscular system:
a. Allows you to move with the help of
skeletal system and nervous system.

The muscular system is like a tire which

allows the car to move.