9.

1 Kinetic Energy

Resource: Notes

Steamy
Draw a particle diagram
showing the vaporization of
water.
Use your
minds eye!

Today you need:

Clickers
Scrap Paper
Notes
CRT

Unit 9:
Thermochemistry
9.1 Kinetic Energy
9.2 Cooling Curves
9.3 Heat Calculations

Clicker Quiz 9.1

9.1 Kinetic Energy

9.1 Kinetic Energy

Resource: Notes

Temperature is a measure of..

A) Total heat of all particles measured
B) Total kinetic energy of all particles
measured
C) Average kinetic energy of all particles
measured
D) The average speed of all particles
measured

9.1 Kinetic Energy

Resource: Notes

Convert 100 C to K.
o

Numerical Answer

9.1 Kinetic Energy

Resource: Notes

The phase change (g) (l) is

considered..
A) Melting
B) Boiling
C) Freezing
D) Condensation
E) Sublimation

9.1 Kinetic Energy

Resource: Notes

Which substance has greater average kinetic

energy? Justify your answer.
Strategy: Describe each diagram.

9.2 Cooling Curves

9.2 Cooling Curves

Essential Question: How
does energy flow through a
system?
9.2 Mastery Skill: I can use
cooling curves to describe how
heat affects particle
movement.

Measuring Heat- Phase

Change
Enthalpy is the measure of energy for a
system. (We can use it to quantify the heat
associated with a phase change.)

Heat of Fusion
Heat required to change a solid
to a liquid (or vice versa) for a
given amount of substance.

Hf

Heat of Vaporization
Heat required to change a
liquid to a gas (or vice versa)
for a given about of substance.

Hv

9.2 Cooling Curves

Heating Curve

150

100

50
rature (oC)
0

-50
Heat Added (J)

Phase Change vs. Temp.

Change
Temperature does not change during a
phase change. Average kinetic energy
does not change, potential energy does.

Temperature can change during a single

phase. Average kinetic energy does
change, potential energy does not.

9.2 Cooling Curves

Place the next 5 problems

in the same Scrap Box.

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

1. Which section represents the gas

phase?

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

2. Which section represents the solid

phase?

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

3. Which section represents the liquid

phase?

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

4. Which section represents a solid and

liquid?

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

5. Which section represents a liquid and

gas?

9.2 Cooling Curves

Place the next 8 problems

in the same Scrap Box.

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

1. Identify: Freezing

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

2. Identify: Particles farthest apart

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

3. Identify: Boiling

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

4. Identify: Particle motion is most

restricted

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

5. Identify: Heat of fusion

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

6. Identify: All areas where energy

change is potential only

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

7. Identify: Heat of vaporization

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

8. Identify: All areas where particles

move past each other

9.2 Cooling Curves

Place the next 7 problems

in the same Scrap Box.

9.2 Cooling Curves

1. Identify: Least kinetic energy

Resource: Notes

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

2. Identify: All areas where kinetic

energy is changing

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

3. Identify: most potential energy

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

4. What is the freezing point of this

substance?

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

5. Identify: All areas in which the heat is

making the particles move faster

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

6. Identify: All areas in which the heat is

breaking the attractions or bonds

between particles

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Notes

7. Identify: All areas in which the

particles are not changing their speed

9.2 Cooling Curves

Resource: Table S

Create a cooling curve for

magnesium with the following:
Correct melting point, boiling
point, and axis labeling.
Label the sections of the graph
that are solid, liquid, gas, and
Show how kinetic and
potential energy change.

9.2 Cooling Curves

Closing Questions
1) How can you use cooling curves to
identify substances?
2) What is the difference between the
sloped lines and horizontal lines on a
cooling curve?
3) What is the relationship between
temperature and phase change?

9.2 Cooling Curves

With respect to 9.2 Cooling Curves

Professio
nal-4

Practition Apprentic
er-3
e-2

Novice-1

Quantity

Most-All
questions
answered
correctly.

Most-All
questions
answered
correctly. Minor
mistakes.

Some-Most
questions
answered
correctly. Minor
and/or major
errors.

Few-No
questions
answered
correctly

Descript
ion

Effective
strategies
employed for
all questions.

Some
strategies are
used, but not
for everything.

Little strategy
is used. Mostly
using intuition
instead of
problem
solving.

Strategies are
missing
completely.

9.2 Mastery Skill: I can use cooling curves to

describe how heat affects particle movement.

Thermochemistry
Unit 10
Heat

Essential Questions

How does energy flow

through a system?

Focus Question

How do you express a

quantity of heat?

Cold! -20oC

Hot! 40oC

Heat(q)

Heat (q)
I am hot.

System = Hot Cocao

Surroundings = Winter Wonderland
Equator

Chillllll
.

System = Lemonade
Surroundings = The

calorie and Calorie

The calorie (cal) is a unit of heat.(1 Cal = 1000 cal)
the energy required to increase 1 gram of water by 1oC.
Food

Calories

Orange

65

Apple

110

McDonalds Med. French

Fry

450

Joules

joule (J) is also unit of heat.

1 calorie = 4.18 joules

w many calories are in 1 joule?

1 J = 0.239 cal

w many joules are in our 65 Calorie

nge?
member 1 Calorie = 1000 calories)
65 Cal= 65,000 cal = 15550 J

Law of Conservation of
Energy
The total amount of energy in an isolated system
remains constant over time.

Specific heat
Specific heat (C) is the amount of
heat required to raise the
temperature of 1 g of substance by
1oC.

Cooking!

2.81 J/goC
2.64 J/goC
3.06 J/goC
Cooks Faster!!

3.35 J/goC

Measuring Heat Single

phase

q= mCT
Heat (J)
mass (g)

Temperature Change (oC)

Specific heat (J/goC)

Example
A bike with an aluminum frame is left outside
in the sun. Over the course of 2 hours, the
sun hits the bike with 40,000 Joules of heat. If
the bike has a mass of 4,500g and aluminum
has a specific heat of 0.90 J/goC, how much
has the temperature changed?
q=mCT
q= 40,000J
m= 4,500g
C= 0.90 J/(1goC)
T= ?

40,000J = (4,500g)(0.90J/goC) T
40,000J = (4,050J/oC) T
9.9oC = T

Your turn.
The bleachers at Yankee Stadium have been
sitting in the sun for 5 hours. By this time it
has been struck by 3,630,000 Joules of heat.
If the bench has a mass of 220,000g and has
a specific heat of 1.10 J/goC, how much has
the temperature changed?
q=mCT
q= 3,630,000J
m= 220,000g
C= 1.10 J/goC
T= ?

3,630,000J = (220,000g)(1.10J/goC) T
3,630,000J = (242,000J/oC) T
15.0oC = T

Measuring Heat- Phase

Change
Enthalpy is the measure of energy for a system.
We can use it to quantify the heat (q) associated
with a phase change.

Heat of Fusion
Heat required to change a solid
to a liquid (or vice versa) for a
given amount of substance.

q=m

Heat of Vaporization
Heat required to change a
liquid to a gas (or vice versa)
for a given about of substance.

q=m
H

Heat of Fusion Practice

How much heat is required to
melt 12 g of ice?
q=Hfm
q= ?
Hf= 334 J/g
m = 12 g

q = (334 J/g)(12g)
q = 4008 J