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Earth Science Unit 4 Test

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST!!!!

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST!!!!


1.

Which climate conditions are typical of regions


near the North Pole and the South Pole?
A.

low temperature and low precipitation

B.

low temperature and high precipitation

C.

high temperature and low precipitation

4.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the water cycle diagram shown below. Some
arrows are numbered 1 through 4 and represent
various processes.

D. high temperature and high precipitation


2.

Compared to land surface temperature changes,


water surface temperature changes occur
A.

more slowly because water has a lower


speci c heat

B.

more slowly because water has a higher


speci c heat

C.

faster because water has a lower speci c heat

Which numbered arrow best represents the process


of transpiration?
A.
5.

D. faster because water has a higher speci c heat


3.

Earth's hydrosphere is best described as the

B.

C.

The clouds have formed primarily because moist


air
A.

rises, expands, and cools

B.

rises, expands, and warms


sinks, compresses, and cools

A.

solid outer layer of Earth

C.

B.

liquid outer layer of Earth

D. sinks, compresses, and warms

C.

magma layer located below Earth's sti er


mantle

D. gaseous layer extending several hundred


kilometers from Earth into space

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D. 4

6.

The diagram below is a cross-sectional view of


rain falling on a farm eld and then moving to the
water table.

8.

Which word best describes the movement of the


rainwater through zone A?

7.

A.

runo

B.

C.

in ltration

D. precipitation

The letters A through D in the cross section below


represent four of the processes that are part of the
water cycle.

Which table correctly matches each letter with the


process that it represents?

saturation

A.

condensation

B.

in ltration

C.

runo

D. transpiration

B.

condensation

transpiration

evaporation

Letter

Process

D.

evaporation

condensation

transpiration

Letter

Process

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precipitation

transpiration

precipitation

evaporation

condensation

Letter

Process

condensation

evaporation

transpiration

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precipitation

A
C

C.

Process

A
B

Which process occurs when water vapor moves


out of the leaves of a tree into the atmosphere?
A.

Letter

precipitation

Earth Science Unit 4 Test

9.

Most water vapor enters the atmosphere by the


processes of
A.

convection and radiation

B.

condensation and precipitation

C.

evaporation and transpiration

11.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the information and on your knowledge of
biology.
A decade after the Exxon Valdez oil
tanker spilled millions of gallons of crude
[oil] o Prince William Sound in Alaska,
most of the sh and wildlife species that
were injured have not fully recovered.
Only two out of the 28 species, the
river otter and the bald eagle, listed as being
injured from the 1989 spill are considered to
be recovered said a new report, which was
released by a coalition of federal and Alaska
agencies working to help restore the oil spill
region.

D. erosion and conduction


10.

Which practice would most likely deplete a


nonrenewable natural resource?
A.

harvesting trees on a tree farm

B.

burning coal to generate electricity in a power


plant

C.

restricting water usage during a period of


water shortage

Eight species are considered to have


made little or no progress toward recovery
since the spill, including killer whales, harbor
seals, and common loons [a type of bird].
Several other species, including sea
otters and Paci c herring, have made
signi cant progress toward recovery, but are
still not at levels seen before the accident the
report said.

D. building a dam and a power plant to use


water to generate electricity

More than 10.8 million gallons of crude


oil spilled into the water when the tanker
Exxon Valdez ran aground 25 miles south of
Valdez on March 24, 1989. The spill killed
an estimated 250,000 seabirds, 2,800 sea
otters, 300 harbor seals, 250 bald eagles, and
up to 22 killer whales.
Billions of salmon and herring eggs, as
well as tidal plants and animals, were also
smothered in oil.
Reuters

The oil spilled by the Exxon Valdez tanker is an


example of a
A.

nonrenewable resource and is a source of


energy

B.

renewable resource and is a source of ATP

C.

nonrenewable resource and synthesizes ATP

D. renewable resource and is a fossil fuel

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Earth Science Unit 4 Test

12.

In order to reduce consumption of nonrenewable


resources, humans could

16.

A.

burn coal to heat houses instead of using oil

A.

environmental laws

B.

heat household water with solar radiation

B.

human population growth

C.

increase industrialization

C.

reforestation

D. use a natural-gas grill to barbecue instead of


using charcoal
13.

D. recycling
17.

One likely reason some experimental automobiles


have been developed to use electricity rather than
gasoline is that

Many scientists are worried about some of Earth's


nite resources because humans are
A.

using carbon dioxide faster than it is being


produced

A.

gasoline is made from petroleum, a


nonrenewable resource

B.

placing industrial wastes in land lls

B.

Earth has an unlimited supply of fossil fuels

C.

C.

the use of electricity will eliminate the need


for all antipollution laws

interfering with energy ow from consumers


to producers

D. using large amounts of some materials that


cannot be renewed

D. the use of electricity will increase the


manufacture of antipollution devices for cars
14.

Depletion of nonrenewable resources is often a


result of

18.

One way that humans could have a positive impact


on local environments is to
A.

generate waste products as a result of


technological advances

B.

use resources that are renewable

C.

increase planting large areas of one crop

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the diagram below, which shows a model of the
water cycle. Letters A through F represent some
processes of the water cycle. Letter X indicates
the top of the underground zone that is saturated
with water.
The Water Cycle

D. increase the use of pesticides


15.

Which human activity would preserve


resources?
A.

deforestation

B.

removing carnivores from a forest

C.

recycling aluminum

nite

The processes of transpiration and evaporation are


represented by letters

D. heating homes with fossil fuels

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A.

A and B

B.

B and E

C.

C and A

D. D and E

Earth Science Unit 4 Test

19.

20.

The entire area drained by a river and its


tributaries is called a
A.

delta

B.

watershed

C.

valley

D.

oodplain

22.

The arrows in the diagram below represent


processes in the water cycle.

A portion of the land surface shown was recently


paved with asphalt and concrete. Describe the
change in the amount of runo and in ltration that
will occur.

Which processes in the water cycle are identi ed


by the numbered arrows?
A.

Process 1 is transpiration; process 2 is runo .

B.

Process 1 is precipitation; process 2 is runo .

C.

Process 1 is condensation; process 2 is


in ltration.

23.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the passage below and on your knowledge of
biology.
The rapidly growing biofuel industry
converts resources such as corn plants,
vegetable oils, and industrial wastes into
products that can be used to power cars
and trucks, and heat homes. The increased
demand for fossil fuel has led to the
construction of factories to produce biofuels.
A proposal has been made to build a biofuel
factory near Syracuse in New York State.

D. Process 1 is evaporation; process 2 is


in ltration.
21.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the model below and on your knowledge of
Earth science. The model shows the movement of
water in the water cycle. Arrow A represents a
process within the water cycle.

Base your responses to the following questions


on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
Earth science. The diagram represents portions of
the water cycle. Letters A, B, and C represent
processes in the water cycle. Arrows show the
movement of water.

State one disadvantage of the increased use of


corn for biofuels.

What is the main source of energy for the water


cycle?

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Earth Science Unit 4 Test

24.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
Earth science. The diagram represents a portion
of a stream and its surrounding bedrock. The
arrows represent the movement of water molecules
by the processes of the water cycle. The water
table is indicated by a dashed line. Letter A
represents a water cycle process occurring at a
speci c location. Letter d represents the distance
between the water table and the land surface.

26.

Discuss fossil fuels and alternative energy sources.


In your answer be sure to:
state one disadvantage of burning fossil
fuels for energy
identify one energy source that is an
alternative to using fossil fuels
state one advantage of using this
alternative energy source
state one disadvantage of using this
alternative energy source
27.

Identify water cycle process A, which produces


cloud droplets.
25.

Currently, Americans rely heavily on the burning


of fossil fuels as sources of energy. As a result
of increased demand for energy sources, there is
a continuing e ort to nd alternatives to burning
fossil fuels.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the diagram below, which represents Earth's
water cycle. The arrows represent some water
cycle processes. Letter A indicates a surface
location on Earth.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the passage below and on your knowledge of
biology.
The rapidly growing biofuel industry
converts resources such as corn plants,
vegetable oils, and industrial wastes into
products that can be used to power cars
and trucks, and heat homes. The increased
demand for fossil fuel has led to the
construction of factories to produce biofuels.
A proposal has been made to build a biofuel
factory near Syracuse in New York State.

Other than evaporation, which water cycle process


transfers large amounts of water vapor into the
atmosphere from the forest?

State one advantage, other than decreased reliance


on fossil fuels, of the increased production of
biofuels in New York State.

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Earth Science Unit 4 Test

28.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the model below and on your knowledge of
Earth science. The model shows the movement of
water in the water cycle. Arrow A represents a
process within the water cycle.

30.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the information below and on your knowledge
of biology.
Each year, a New York State power
agency provides its customers with
information about some of the fuel sources
used in generating electricity. The table
below applies to the period of 20022003.
Fuel Sources Used
Fuel Source
hydro (water)

Percentage of
Electricity
Generated
86

coal

oil

nuclear
solar

Identify one water cycle process represented by


arrow A .
29.

4
0

Using the information given, construct a bar


graph, following the directions below.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)


on the cross section below, which shows the
general pattern of water movement in the water
cycle. Letter X represents a water-cycle process.

What process of the water cycle is represented


by X?

Identify one fuel source in the table that is


classi ed as a renewable resource.

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Earth Science Unit 4 Test

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