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Objective:
Tobuild,understandandanalyzeanelectricmotor4. The magnetic field
sensorworksduetotheHallEffect?InvestigateandexplainwhattheHallEffectis.
Materials:
Copperwire
Twoneedles
Onefoamsupport
Universalstandandclamps
VernierMagneticFieldsensor
LabQuest
LaptopwithLoggerPro
Smallpermanentmagnet
Sandpaper
Procedure:
1. Makingthesolenoid:
a. Rollthecopperwire aroundthe permanentmagnet (use the magnetasa
template toassemble the solenoid).Make fiveturns.Take thepermanent
magnetout.
b. Use theextrawireonbothextremestomaketwoorthreeturnstoholdthe
turnsofthesolenoidtogether(seefigurebelow).
2. Assembling:
a. Sticktheneedlesonthefoamsupportseparatedbynomorethan4cm.
b. Rub each endof thesolenoidwiththesandpapertomakesuretheyhave
goodelectricalcontact.
c. Stickeach end of thesolenoidtotheholesofeachneedlesothesolenoid
issuspendedbetweenthetwoneedles.
3. Measuringthemagneticfieldandcurrent
a. Connect the power supply to the LabQuestinterface andthe interface to
your computer. Open the power amplifier controlwindow andset it upto
DC.
b. Connectthepower amplifier, thecurrent probe andtheneedlesasshown
onthediagramontheboard.
c. Turn on the power amplifier. Zero the current probe when thevoltage in
thepoweramplifierissetto0V.
d. Apply a voltage of no more than 3 V. Check if you have current in the
circuit(shouldbenomorethan0.6A).
e. Recordthecurrentinthetable.
f.
Calculatethemagneticfield inthesolenoid withtheformulagiveninthe
4. Runningthemotor
a. Disconnect the current probe and connect the poweramplifier to thetwo
needles.
b. Applyavoltagebetween48V.
c. Bring the permanent magnet close to the solenoid and observe what
happens.
Current(A)
MagneticField(Calculated)
MagneticField
(Measured)
0.0010
10
6
(1.2566*10
)(5/5*200*10
)
10
(0.0010)=6.283*10 T
0.0350T
Analysis:
1. Isthemagneticfieldmeasuredinagreementwiththecalculatedmagneticfield?
No, it isnt equal to each other. The amount of calculated magnetic field is
10
6.283*10
Tesla, which ismuchsmallerthanthemeasuredmagneticfieldwhich
is0.0350Tesla.
2. Explainstepbystepwhythesolenoidkeepsturning.Usediagrams.Inyourexplanation,
includetheforcesandconceptsthatareinvolved.
TheconceptofACInductionmotor.
i.tTheACInductionmotorcommonlyconsistsoftwobasicparts,anoutsidestationary
Stator
havingcoilssuppliedwithalternatingcurrenttoproducearotatingmagnetic
field,andaninside
Rotor
attachedtotheoutputshaftproducingasecondrotating
magneticfield.
AStatorismadeoutofstackingthinslottedhighlypermeablesteellaminationsinsidea
steelorcastironframe.
enWhena3phaseACcurrentpassesthroughthewindingsomethingveryinteresting
happens.Itproducesarotatingmagneticfield
(RMF)
.
TheRotorismadeoutofelectricalmagnetorpermanentmagnet.Forcedinsidethe
statorandhavetheairgapabout0.52mm.
lTheconceptofworkingiswhentwomagneticfieldoccur,itwillhavetheforceto
rotatetherotoralongtherotatingshaft.
wecanusethisrotatingforcetooperatetheelectricalmachinessuchasfan,
waterpump,andaircompressor.
Conclusion: