- 7" WEBINAR RAN Virtualization — Going Beyond C-RAN with RF Routing. 4 Nick Marshall Wolfgang Weber ABI Research Dali Wireless Research Director VP, Business Development ABlresearch D WIRELESS= ABlresearch RAN Virtualization Going Beyond C-RAN with RF Routing March 24, 2015 Nick Marshall Research Director marshall @abireserach.com 516 624 2500About Us “The partner of choice for those seeking cd Research \, Competitive Wy Analyst \Y. Analyst to capture leadership in the connected er Analysis “Assessment f Insight #7 inquiry world of tomorrow.” RESEARCH ABI Research is a technology market intelligence company with a 25 year ‘SECTORS ~ proven track record that is focused on putting information into the hands of ‘executives in order to enable them to make the right decisions on technology and market investment at the right time. ABI Research quantifies the important markets of today, defines the strategic technologies of tomorrow, and provides insight on how technology is adopted into vertical markets. 1990 Global |}. 11 offices across Americas, Europe, Middle East, and Asia-Pacific ‘One of few firms with Comprehensive |. 2,008 PrOciets -----> complete Teardown published in 2014 coverage: 1,468 devices [influential |- > Cited by media over and components 20,000 times in the available In 2014. 2014i In-Building and Venue Wireless Penetration = o% ~~ Number of Buildings —- Decreasing DAS Penetration Decreasing Small Cell Penetration 0% Worldwide commercial building space is only 2% penetrated by in-building wireless systems!Major Trends Driving In-Building and In-Venue Wireless “otal Meble Dota TticForecasty Tye Q Relentless traffic growth in 4G while 3G and 2G continue —e Q 4G multiplier effect i ee O Video traffic growth Q 80-95% traffic is indoors where RF has difficulty penetrating i Q Tidal ebb and flow of traffic - with time and ‘otal Mobile Bata Traffic Forecastby Technology Generation location Q BYOD eee Q Conventional DAS does not economically = scale down i ea O Conventional Small Cells do not ewe Abresecch economically scale up Le {©1540 Reseach abinseachccn The mataicostaredbern orb incl eo he puchansal cena ancarratbedsrbleds any aberpenoasrenty by nch Lees leg we sore onmerpam crete ne eran he sane coos o oFerentyasauchLaevone. niteConventional Features U Collocated baseband and Radio Unit (RU) U Coax connection to distributed antenna RAN Evolution Distributed Features O Radio is distributed as Remote Radio Head (ARH) 1 CPRI fronthaul connection to baseband Centralized Features O Radio is distributed as Remote Radio Head (RRH) Q CPAI fronthaul connection to baseband Q Multiple basebands pooled in central location Virtualized Features O Radio is distributed as Remote Radio Head (RAH) Q CPAI fronthaul connection to baseband Q Multiple basebands pooled in central location Q Digitized and packetized RF routed from any source to any antennaRAN Virtualization Defined 9G) Baseband Lr} Baseband Scheduler ® Conventional RAN @ Centralized RAN Antenna points with multiple signals from multiple sources. RF Aouted ee) radio. distribution network (any to any) tT) @ Distributed RAN Note * RU = Radio Unit Virtualized RAN= Benefits of RAN Virtualization QO CAPEX and OPEX savings - trunking gain O Overprovisioning is history - capacity is exact and dynamic match to demand Q) Neutral Host Multipoint to Multipoint operation Q Technology , Vendor and MNO agnostic RF distribution - supports network convergence (e.g. Wi-Fi, LTE-U/LWA/LAA or IP pass through) Q The digitized RF signal can be transported, amplified and distributed without incurring feeder losses or increasing noise. Q Energy Efficiency OQ CPRI obsoletes POI or “DAS tray” - no cooling, A/C required Q Idling at night U Lower Tx power = battery savings for subscriber C Improved QoE - low latency pooled scheduling C Ease of complex interference mitigation(CoMP, elCIC) and MIMO implementation vs. small cells Q Minimizes “per-bit delivered” costs for MNO, building owner and subscribera Conclusions & Trends O Traffic is dynamic, growing exponentially and unrelenting O Always connected, everywhere is the new norm Oi Indoor service is becoming more important than outdoor O Controlled indoor environment lends itself to C-RAN OIRAN Virtualization built on a C-RAN foundation sees first application in buildings and in venues O Scalable, flexible and future ready for 3GPP progression and 5G without “rip and replace”Thank You! Dali Wireless is featured by ABI Research in: + “Hot Tech Innovators" whitepaper + “Top Technology Disrupt ors" report Nick Marshall Research Director marshall @abireserach.com 516 624 2500 (Stal sAtResncr-wmnesbinanacncen Trananraioronsednere orp incl wel De SEcRseg LC} snd} TErbe Sata AT}OMW HrAENECARy Sy sach LERTAW song AeTOWNSON peo wRSN Pe ne Cao oraran a ccH LCE A cerwonsedensernoaes el ara099900009." o 000000005,°" ee 0000000,,° eo 9000000000,,,° ered irtualization RF Router® RAN V Enabling f WIRELESS DalDali Wireless Overview * Dali Wireless * Headquartered in Menlo Park, California ( BELO )) * Research and Development Center in Vancouver, Canada Sea * Regional offices & support in APAC and Europe * Software Configurable Radio Distribution Systems for Mobile Networks * RF Router® System ¢t-Series® OXESH|?2 * Dali Matrix™: modular platform * Multi-band, multi-technology: FDD /TDD, LTE-MIMO, HSPA+, UMTS, GSM * NALA, APAC and EMEA Frequency Bands ae * Public ah Bands ; MobileVillage * modulation-, vendor- and technology-agnostic Mobile Star Awards: * Strong IPR with 200+ patents worldwide * Covering key enablers of RF Routing and RAN virtualization ABlresearch lechnology market intelligence * Publications and Industry awards 15. ©2015Dall Wireless, Inc. | All Rights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed writen permissionDali’s Enabling Technologies * End-to-end digital RF signal * multiple distribution topologies PIOSESPINE * digital transport over * — Simple and flexible 2-tier architecture * 41GigE microwave * Cat Se/6 Eth +t cabl * Fully software configurable and a CHEE eaere controlled * fiber with 1, 6 or 10 Gbps data rate Base Station Hotel Tree 16 ©2025Dali Wireless Inc. | All Rights Reserved | Do not distribute without expressed written permissionWhat is RF Routing ? * — digitally packetized blocks of RF spectrum can be routed from any signal source to any destination point (antenna). * based on end-to-end digital RF signal processing * logical topology independent from underlying physical topology * routable protocol with 1 Gbps (or more) transparent IP-channel per fiber IRF Router © rt Analog (RF) domain 417 ©2015 Dali Wireless, Inc.| AllRights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permissionRF Router® Has a Face: Dali Product Lines RF ROUTER® Network Management Systems 2.0 (GUI) Uri 18 ©2015Dali Wireless, Inc.| AllRights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permissionDali Differentiators NTOM RF DISTRIBUTION SOT WARE: CONFIGUR ABILITY END-TO-END DIGITAL a t 4 AF SIGNAL PROCESSING SX AllDigital RF Router® Going Beyond DAS SIVPLFED { x C3 ARCHTECTURE FLEXIBLE P PASS TOPOLOGY THROUGH 419 ©2015Dali Wireless nc. | All Rights Reserved | Do not distribute without expressed written permissionVirtualization - How and Why How? Just five elements * pooled and shared resources accessible via interfaces * partitioning of resources amongst different users * isolation of the different users sharing the resources * ondemand dynamic allocation of resources to users * creating an identical environment for each user representing all the available resources Why virtualization? It’s economics! Nothing else. * sharing resources leads to higher utilization and lower unit costs * pooling of resources leads to economy of scale... + ...and lower fixed-variable costs * dynamic allocation of resources reduces variable costs 20 ©2015Dali Wireless, nc. | AllRights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permissionRAN Virtualization enabled by RF Routing antenna points with multiple signals from multiple sources RF-routed at | 7 radio Ee MisL tru : | distribution Pool network fully virtualized Radio Access Network (RAN) * Extensive innovations and intellectual property worldwide are behind this revolutionary RF Routing and RAN Virtualization 21 ©2045Dali Wireless Inc.| All Rights Reserved | Do not distribute without expressed written permissionDali Differentiators Enabling RAN Virtualization Co Rr OSTREUTION SOFTWARE: |i] CONFIGURABILITY END-TO-END DIGITAL ¢ AF SIGNAL PROCESSING RR Ze AllDigital RF Router® ‘Going Beyond DAS sxCATECTURE Sy eLDOeE Pass TOPOLOGY Scalability | Flexibility | Elasticity — 22 ©2015Dali Wireless Inc. |All RightsReserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permissionBenefits of a truly virtualized RAN for Operators for Users * user experience -driven network planning * — cloud-like, tailored services * economies of scale * lower cost of usage * _ better utilization of resources * consistent performance * flexibility in multi-operator and multi- * better user experience technology scenarios I * cost efficient solution * any distribution topology * fully software-controlled 23 ©2015Dali Wireless, Inc. | AllRights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permissionSmall cells, C-RAN, v-RAN and all the Rest.... “Small cells” * — often mis-interpreted as femto-cells only * Many small-sized base stations - each is a NodeB in its own right * — Initially cheap solution, with high cost of complexity * — Set of traditional eNode-B's, sharing a pool of baseband processors * — First step towards virtualization, but falls short of the target Virtualized-RAN * — Fully virtualized radio cells, including baseband AND radio spectrum * Enabled by Dali RF Router® 24 ©2015Dali Wireless, nc. | AllRights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permissionEfficiency metric: Mega-Byte per Dollar TCO C-RAN: base case. cost ie costs go linear = with capacity i i / RF Routing: addit. band / RE Routing: addit. operator / / RF Routing: base case. costs develop degressively with capacity capacity 25 ©2015DaliWireless, Inc.| AllRights Reserved | Donot distribute without expressed written permission,Results of TCO Analysis TCO comparison (3 yrs) g = a4 t " opex a3 . e ‘capex g GRAN, RF Routing, GRAN, RF Routing, single op single op 3-oper. 3-oper. 26 ©2015Dali Wireless, Inc.| All Rights Reserved | Donnot distribute without expressed written permissionConclusions Legacy RAN with fixed allocation of capacity requires over-provisioning and causes systematic waste of valuable spectrum resources C-RAN isa first step towards RAN virtualization, but falls short of the target Dynamic allocation of capacity where and when needed allows optimum efficiency RF Routing is the enabler technology for a fully virtualized RAN, including the radio resources I * Dali Wireless’ patented RF Router® Platform enables a true virtualized RAN 27 ©2025Dali Wireless Inc.| All Rights Reserved | Donnot distribute without expressed written permission= Poll 2. Think of a large sports stadium and the radio capacity deployed. How much of the deployed radio capacity do you believe is actually utilized over a period of one month? OlLess than 5% (25%) Seu OAbout 25% (51%) Ke shtete De Qup to 70% (29%) Pet dre, fteey,, Welltees,, Thank You www.daliwireless.com WIRebess