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Preparation of salts
Salts
Ionic substances which consists of a positive ion (e.g. metal ion or ammonium ion) and a negative ion
(eg non-metal ion or non-metal ion radical) most of which have a pH of 7 and which, when molten or
dissolved, conduct electricity. Most salts are soluble in water except a few as shown in the table
below.
Soluble
Acids
Bases
Salts
Sodium and potassium carbonates
All ammonium salts
Insoluble
All other bases
How do we make samples of pure dry crystals of a salt. The flowchart below will help you to identify the correct method
no
yes
Is salt
soluble
?
Base
soluble
?
no
yes
1. For each of the following salts: decide which method you will use to make the salt and select
suitable chemicals;
Salt you are going to
make
magnesium sulfate
sodium nitrate
calcium chloride
barium chloride
ammonium nitrate
copper ethanoate
2. This question is about preparing insoluble salts.
(a) Complete the table below about he making of insoluble salts
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
salt
copper carbonate
silver chloride
lead sulphate
lead chloride
barium sulphate
starting chemicals
(b) For each of the above examples (i) write a chemical equation and (ii) an ionic equation.
3. Add these captions in the correct boxes on the flowchart.
Precipitation
Indicator method/titration
4. Complete the following symbol and word equations of neutralization reactions (you will need to
a. HCl (aq)
MgO (s)
b. H2SO4 (aq)
KOH (aq)
c. HNO3 (aq)
NH4OH (aq)
d. C2H3OOH(aq)
e. HNO3 (aq)
NaOH (aq)
+
+
Ca(OH)2 (aq)
CaSO4 (aq)
H2O (l)
j.
ZnCl2 (aq)
H2O (l)
5. The diagram below shows some reactions of dilute sulfuric acid. Use it to answer the questions
below.
magnesium ribbon
copper (II) oxide
solution E
gas A:
solution B:
gas C:
substance D:
solution E: