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Hairdressing
Occupational
Health and
Safety Manual
Table of Contents
Introduction
Health and Safety Legislation
The Workplace Health and Safety Act
Laws
Employers Responsibilities
Employees Responsibilities
Manufacturers Responsibilities
Legal Requirements
Hazardous Substances
Chemicals
Health Effects
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Hair Colouring Products
Other Health Issues
Prevention
Skin Tests
General Rules for Chemical Safety
First Aid Treatment for Hazardous
Substances
Infection
in the Workplace
Disinfection and Infection Control
Cleaning and Disinfecting Scissors,
Combs
Brushes
Cleaningand
and
Disinfecting Electrical
Tools Fluids Risks
Body
Waste Management
Resource management
A Safe Working Environment
Electrical Safety
Electrical Safety Tips
Correct Use of Electrical Appliances
Check and Maintain Tools and
Equipment
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4
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10
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Introduction
As a high quality business, Style at SMYL, provides safe and hygienic services to our
customers, clients in a clean and friendly environment.
To let our standards slip would be to risk the safety and health of our clients and us, the
hairdressers who work here.
In addition, there are laws and codes of practice, which help to ensure that our industry
remains safe. We are obliged to comply with these laws.
Therefore it is essential that we all understand and follow the health and safety procedures
outlined in this manual.
Please notify Lauren Trask if you do not understand anything contained in this manual or
have any questions.
Like any other workplace, Style at SMYL is required by law (Acts of Parliament) to follow
health and safety conditions. This is to make sure
that the store
and salon are both a safe place to work in for you
and your
customers and clients.
people at
Laws
Laws are to protect people from occupational injury and disease.
Whotodoevery
theseworkplace.
laws apply
They apply
to?
It is the responsibility of all people who work in the hairdressing/beauty industry to take
steps to ensure health and safety. This includes the employer, employees, manufacturers
and suppliers of products and equipment.
Health and Safety Laws are to protect people from occupational illness and disease and
they apply to every workplace.
What is the
difference?
Acts
Acts are government laws, which set out the general duties that those in the workforce
must follow to maintain safe and healthy workplaces.
Which Acts of Parliament
relate to my current
industry?
Regulations
Regulations set compulsory minimum requirements for specific hazards and work
practices in relation to work health and safety.
The regulations that apply to the hairdressing industry are:
Codes of Practice
These provide practical guidance and prevention strategies of how best to meet the
regulation and requirements of the act.
There are many Codes of Practice that apply to the hairdressing industry. These include:
Workplaces (2007)
Provides practical guidance to employers in meeting certain minimum standards,
facilities/amenities in workplaces in prohibiting certain activities in workplaces, and in
maintaining the workplaces in a safe healthy condition.
Workcover administers these Acts and Regulations, which provides the legal basis for both
workplace health and safety and workers compensation.
Printed copies of the Codes of Practice are available from Western Australian Worksafe
Authority
Phone: 08 9327 8777
You can also use the following websites to find information regarding Codes of Practice.
WA - Worksafe
Vic - Workcover
NSW - Workcover
SA - Workcover Corporation
ACT - Workcover
Employers Responsibilities
As your employer, Style at SMYL, is responsible (as far as practicable) to provide and
maintain:
The health and safety of themselves, their employees, and members of the public.
Information on any known hazards found to be in the workplace, and store, salon
policies for carrying out safe work procedures.
Supervision in making sure their employees are not exposed to hazards. Regular
checks should be carried out to ensure health and safety instructions are being
followed.
Employees Responsibilities
Comply with reasonable instructions from the employer to carry out a work procedure.
Manufacturers Responsibilities
Arrange for any necessary testing to ensure equipment & substances are safe and
without risk.
Legal Requirements
The Workplace health and safety regulations set out the legal requirements that must be
observed in the workplace.
These regulations deal with procedures to be undertaken, physical working conditions and
specific aspects of industrial and constructional health and safety.
By law, every person in the workplace has a right to be involved in health and safety
through discussion and co-operation.
The law provides heavy penalties for employers and employees who try to prevent this
process from happening.
Breaches of the Act include fines of up to $120,000, or imprisonment.
The maximum penalty applies if a person is killed or suffers a serious injury.
Hazardous Substances
As a hairdresser, you come into contact with chemicals every day.
Chemicals can be classed as relatively harmless or hazardous.
What is a hazardous
substance?
When used in the workplace these substances may generate vapours, fumes, dust and
mist.
How dangerous the substance is will depend on its type, what it is made of, how it enters
the body, and how much enters the body.
Chemicals
Chemicals can be dangerous because they might be:
Flammable
Explosive
Poisonous (toxic)
If these substances are breathed in, absorbed through the skin or swallowed, you may
suffer immediate or long-term health effects.
hair dyes
hydrogen peroxide
hair sprays
nail varnishes
cleaning agents
other solutions
Health Effects
Health effects may happen suddenly, such as itchy skin or eyes, nausea or dizziness.
Or they can happen gradually as with contact dermatitis or cancer. While many people will
not be affected, others will be susceptible.
Manufacturers and suppliers of products are required, (under the Act); to supply you with a
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for each hazardous substance supplied.
The SDS contains information on the hazards and risks associated with a substance. The
risk involved with a chemical will depend on the substance strength, its quantity, and the
time of exposure, the workplace tasks and other workplace conditions.
Identification
Health hazard
Information
A reference file of SDSs for all chemicals used in the salon is kept where chemicals are
stored, mixed or used. To minimise risks, it is important to know what chemicals you are
using so you can use them safely.
You can also use the following websites to find relevant information.
WA - Worksafe
Vic - Workcover
NSW - Workcover
SA - Workcover Corporation
ACT - Workcover
There are other ingredients in colouring products that may also cause skin irritations.
For example: perfume.
We are not qualified to know which ingredient may cause harm. However, by law, we are
required to do a skin test prior to the hair colour to check if the client is allergic to the whole
product.
Allergic reactions may vary from head to head and can happen after years of using the
same product.
Reactions can be
3% = 10 vol
6% = 20 vol
9% = 30 vol
12% = 40 vol
Your client is not exposed to colour chemicals as often as you are. You are the one at risk.
Wear gloves for protection.
Contact Dermatitis
This health condition is most common in hairdressers. It is an inflammation of the skin
varying from a mild irritation and redness, to large weeping areas and severe swelling.
People react differently to substances; some workers will not be affected.
Frequent contact with a wide variety of hair products containing recognised irritants
and sensitisers.
Excessive contact with water, and degreasing agents such as shampoos, which dry out
the skin.
Common sensitisers
Common sensitisers are certain chemicals found in hairdressing products, which are
known to cause skin irritations. Some of these are:
P.phenylendiamine and paratoluenediamines (in tints and some hair colours, also
known as p.p.d./p.t.d.)
Glycerol monothioglycolate (in acid permanent wave solutions also known as (g.m.t.g.)
So you can see that many of the hairdressing products we use daily have the ability to
cause skin problems unless we use them safely.
Prevention
At Style at SMYL, we recommend the following methods to prevent chemical irritation:
around
irritating
use cotton
Wash off residue chemical products from the hands with a mild pH neutral soap
creams at the
Dermatitis,
sensitised to
change their
Skin Tests
1. Thoroughly clean a small patch of skin behind the ear or the inner fold of the elbow
with 70% alcohol wipes or eau de cologne.
2. Mix approximately 1 cap of tint to one cap of peroxide (H2O2)
3. Apply to the cleaned area with a cotton bud
4. Allow to dry and leave uncovered and without washing for 24 to 48 hours
If any redness or irritation occurs, the person has a positive reaction to the hair colour:
soap and
chemical
Dont store incompatible substances together (eg hair spray and peroxide)
Wear safety glasses where there is a chance of chemicals splashing into eyes
Dont wear contact lens in nail technician work areas as it is difficult to clean the eye if
splashed with chemicals.
Risks associated with a chemical affect the way it should be used and stored. It is
important to be aware of the chemicals used in hairdressing products, because if used
incorrectly you or your client may be harmed.
An infectious disease is caused by germs and can be passed on from one person to
another by breathing in, contact or eating.
Bacteria, fungi, virus or animal parasites can also cause infections.
Check your clients scalp for any diseases or disorders. Depending on the problem, some
clients can still be attended to, while more serious complaints may need to be referred to a
pharmacist or doctor.
The Act outlines the sterilisation/disinfection control procedures, which must be carried out
to prevent the spread of disease in the salon:
Before being used on another person all equipment, towels and wraps must be
cleaned.
operators
remove
b. Disinfection/sterilisation Method
Soak for 30 minutes in:
Some tools may be cleaned and lubricated by using special disinfectant oils
Electrical equipment such as clippers can be disinfected using single use sachets of
alcohol wipes (70% ethyl alcohol or 60% isopropyl alcohol).
Store or cover all tools to prevent re-contamination; ultraviolet cabinets are satisfactory for
storage however they are not effective for disinfection.
Disposable razor blades must be discarded directly into a special sharps container
designed for their disposal. Also see the Waste Management section.
Waste Management
Cleanliness and hygiene
perm
old
placed in the
when mixing
appropriate
at one time.
Disposing of unused
colour solution
Style at SMYL Ask suppliers to use eco efficient packaging, such as recyclable containers,
cardboard boxes that can be re used.
Recycling in the salon is encouraged, materials such as paper, foil, magazines and
product packaging is recycled. Style at SMYL has labelled boxes where these items can
be recycled.
Used razor blades should be disposed of into the Sharps container. To dispose of full
Sharps container, please advise Lauren Trask.
Resource Management
Style at SMYL encourages saving water and minimising power use. Please ensure all taps are turned
off at basins when not in use, only turn washing machine and dishwasher when full. A licensed
plumber will regularly check and maintain taps. Style at SMYL uses energy efficient washing machine
and air dries all linen, the use of energy efficient lighting is used and all electrical items are switched of
after use and power points need to be switched off at the end of the day.
Electrical Safety
Most accidents with electricity and electrical equipment can be avoided. Equipment checks
take only a few minutes but could ultimately save you, or others from an accident.
A person can get an electrical shock when they become part of an electrical circuit and the
current flows through their body.
Lack of maintenance
frayed,
boards
is secure
Appliances are switched off at the power point before you pull out the plug
Dont use too many appliances from the same power point
If you become aware of a problem with an appliance, turn it off and report the
problem to Lauren.
Working with electrical equipment while standing on wet hair or wet floors
Protect your clients scalp and ears with your comb or fingers to prevent burns
Direct hot air away from the scalp and keep the hair dryer moving so that hot air is not
concentrated on one particular area
Store hot appliances in a safe place, out of reach of children while they cool down
Electrical appliances are stored safely away from wet or moist areas when not in use
The power is switched off before you clean or adjust an electrical appliance
When disconnecting an appliance, switch it off, then switch off the power point. Pull the
appliance out by the plug, not by the cord
Flexible cords are fully unwound and kept clear of work traffic areas
Double adaptors or power boards are not stacked causing over loading problems
Air filters regularly to avoid blockage in blow dryers and air conditioners.
Electrical Maintenance
Only licensed electricians can inspect and test
equipment.
your electrical
from service,
repair or disposal.
A risk is the probability of you being hurt or an accident happening through exposure to
the hazard.
For example: Electricity is a hazard but may not be a risk unless wiring is exposed.
Risk Assessment
After a hazard has been identified the next step is to assess the risk.
Is the risk great? If so, the solution might be to change your work arrangements.
Severity of the hazard and any health effects that may occur
Reporting
In the event of an unsafe situation, a fire hazard or any breakdown of equipment in the
Style at SMYL, report it to Lauren Trask.
Lower back - caused by standing for long periods of time, adopting awkward positions,
twisting and sitting on chair/stools without back rests or leg support, or lifting objects
with a bent back.
Leg discomfort - caused by standing still for long periods of time and uncomfortable
footwear.
Shoulders occur from working with arms held at or above shoulder level when cutting
or styling hair.
Varicose veins caused by standing in one position for long periods, and they are also
hereditary.
Prevention Measures
Some of the ways you can prevent posture problems developing is by focusing on your
working posture and the salon layout and furniture.
Working Posture
You can help prevent strains and fatigue by:
Varying tasks; choose tasks that offer postural changes, for example, sitting to cut hair,
standing to blow dry
head
position
move
clients
Work trolleys on castors to keep tools within easy reach and reduce carrying
Control Measures
Check that:
Replace light bulbs or tubes; keep them in a clean, efficient state to provide good
lighting
Manual Handling
At Style at SMYL, all staff may be involved in processing incoming boxes of products. To
help prevent strains when lifting or moving the boxes, you should:
1. Stand close to the box.
2. Bend your knees and lower your body.
3. Pick up the box, keeping your back straight
4. Make sure you are well balanced before you stand up
5. Lift yourself using the muscles in your legs, not your back
Emergency Procedures
Fire Procedures
Why do I need to know this?
Occupational Health and Safety laws are designed to make the workplace a safe
environment for all those at work.
To perform your job safely it is important to know what to do in case of an emergency.
Proper procedures and training can minimise the chances of an accidental fire and people
being hurt.
Many fires are started by human carelessness, and people have died or been
injured.
What is Fire?
Fire is the process occurring when heat, fuel and oxygen join together.
To have a fire three elements are necessary:
Oxygen: air
Heat
Fuel
Oxygen
Fire Extinguishers
Federal regulations require that employers who provide portable fire extinguishers in the
workplace should also provide training for how to use them.
Fire extinguishers in the workplace should be placed where they can be easily seen and
within easy reach. This ensures that they can be accessed quickly while a fire is still small.
We have fire extinguishers at Style at SMYL. You need
familiarise yourself with them and know when and
use them.
It is important to know how to use your fire extinguisher
to be
when not to
Types of Fire
The three most common types of fire with corresponding fire extinguishers are:
Fire Extinguisher
Label
Identifying Colours
Substance
Class A
ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLES
A
Ordinary combustibles such
as wood, paper, cloth, rubber
and many plastics
Water
Class B
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
B
Foam
ClassC
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
C
Electrical equipment, wiring,
fuse boxes, circuit breakers,
machinery and appliances
Dry Chemical Powder
All fire extinguishers are labelled; using standard symbols for the classes of fire they can
be used on.
A red slash through any symbol tells you the extinguisher cannot be used on that class of
fire.
Fire Prevention
Ways of preventing fire:
Provide assistance to Chief Fire Warden and Deputy Fire Wardens and assist in
evacuation if required
Make sure that you know the location of fire extinguishers, escape routes and any other
safety procedures.
Before you think about fighting a fire, make sure the Fire Brigade has been notified and the
fire is small. Do not put yourself or others at risk.
Any accident or incident must be documented on Style at SMYL accident report form.
(Appendix 1)
Eye injuries
Chemicals accidentally splashed in the eye
Gently flush the eye with water from the nearest tap for approximately 20 mins. Do not
attempt any other form of first aid. All eye injuries must be seen immediately at the eye
hospital.
Cuts
If the skin is cut:
Apply pressure with a dry sterile dressing until bleeding has stopped
Serious injury
Contact a first aid officer or dial 000 and ask for the ambulance. While waiting for medical
assistance to arrive:
further injury
Container
The kit is in a solid, dust proof container, which has a white cross on a green background
prominently displayed on the outside. It is not locked and is located in the Staff Room.
Contents
Eye wash container (one use only) and sterile eye pads (for flushing out chemicals)
Aids) for
Any accident or incident must be documented on Style at SMYLs accident report form.
(Appendix 1)
Postcode: ....................................
Male
Female
Employee
Client
ACCIDENT/INCIDENT DETAILS
Time of Accident/Incident: ........................................................
Date of Incident/Accident: .
........................................................................................................................................................
......
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......
Part of Body Injured (If applicable) : ............................................................................................
............
....................................................................................................................................................
......
WITNESS DETAILS
Name of Witness 1: ........................................................................................
Tel: .......................
......
Name of Witness 2: ........................................................................................
Tel: .............................
TREATMENT
Returned to Work
YesNo
YesNo
Sent to Doctor
YesNo
Sent to Hospital
YesNo
Tel: ....................
.........
Signed (Person Involved): .........................................................................
Ingredient
Health Effect
Hair Dyes
General
Bladder cancer
Leukaemia
Lymphoma
Multiple myeloma
Benzidine
Bladder cancer
2,4-toluene diamine
2,5-toluene diamine
m-phenylene diamine
o-nitro-p-phenylene diamine
(2-nitro-p-phenylene diamine)
4-nitro-o-phenylene diamine
4-amino-2-nitrophenol
2,4-diaminoanisole
Henna
Asthma
Hydrogen peroxide
Detergents
Dermatitis
Zinc pyridinethione
Dermatitis
Dermatitis
Quatemium-15
Dermatitis
Ammonium thioglycolate
Glyceryl monothioglycolate
Thioglycolic acid
Shampoos
Permanent Wave
Solutions
Permanent Wave
Neutralisers
Hydrogen peroxide,
Ammonium persulphate,
Potassium persulphate,
Sodium persulphate,
Sodium perborate,
Sodium bromate,
Potassium bromate,
Hair Sprays
Hair Bleaches
Ethanol (alcohol)
Eye irritant
Glutaraldehyde
Aerosols (LPG)
Ammonium persulphate
Asthma
Hydrogen peroxide
Potassium persulphate
Sodium persulphate
Setting Lotions
Ethanol (alcohol)
Glutaraldehyde
Eye irritant
Irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, headaches,
nausea, respiratory problems and asthma
Perfumes
Balsam of Peru
Antiseptics
Glutaraldehyde
Rubber Gloves
Thiuram
Mercaptobenzothiazole
Dermatitis
From: Workplace Health and Safety Department of Training and Industrial Relations
http://www.whs.qld.gov.au/information/96-i-43.pdf