Training and Education AGD 118

BANTUAN HIDUP DASAR

( Basic Life Support )

Training and Education AGD 118

BANTUAN HIDUP :
( Life Support )
Usaha untuk mempertahankan kehidupan saat penderita
mengalami keadaan yang mengancam nyawa

Training and Education AGD 118

Bantuan Hidup Dasar

Tanpa :
- Cairan intra vena
- Obat
- Kejut listrik

Training and Education AGD 118

Bantuan Hidup Lanjut

RS

Pra RS

- ATLS
- ACLS
- PALS
- PHTLS
- PHCLS

Training and Education AGD 118

Otak
tidak dapat O2

mati

Jantung

6 - 8 menit

Training and Education AGD 118

Mati Klinis :
Nafas ( - )
Jantung ( - )
Mati Biologis :
Terjadi kerusakan sel otak
mati betulan

Training and Education AGD 118

Keterlambatan
BHD

Kemungkinan
berhasil

1 menit
4 menit
10 menit

98 dari 100
50 dari 100
1 dari 100

Training and Education AGD 118

Apapun keadaan penderita :

A. Airway
B. Breathing
C. Circulation

- Jalan nafas
- Pernafasan
- Jantung dan pembuluh darah

Training and Education AGD 118

Airway

anatomi

Training and Education AGD 118

Pernafasan yang berbunyi

Adalah
Pernafasan yang tersumbat

10

Training and Education AGD 118

Airway
Total
Obstruksi
Parsial

akut
insidous

11

Training and Education AGD 118

Airway
Obstruksi total
Pasien sadar :
+ Benda asing
-

Heimlich manuver

Pasien tidak sadar :

+ RJP berat
finger sweep
abdominal trhust
instrumen

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Training and Education AGD 118

Airway

Heimlich

Abdominal trhust

13

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Airway

14

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Airway
Obstruksi parsial :
Cairan

Gurgling / bunyi cairan

Lidah

Snoring / ngorok

Larink/trachea

Crowing / stridor

15

Training and Education AGD 118

Airway
Obstruksi parsial :
Cairan

Suction

Lidah

Manual / airway sementara

Larink/trachea

Surgical

16

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Type canul suction

Rigid

Soft
17

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Airway
Snoring ngorok

Pangkal lidah jatuh kebelakang

18

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Training and Education AGD 118

Airway
Pemasangan OPA

20

Training and Education AGD 118

Airway
Pemasangan NPA
1.
2.
3.

Diameter/size
Ukur panjang
Usahakan
lubang hidung kanan

21

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Pernafasan yang baik pada orang dewasa :
1. Frekuensi pernafasan 16 kali/menit
2. Tanda tanda sesak/kebiruan tidak ada
3. Pemeriksaan fisik baik

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Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Memeriksa pernafsan

melihat, mendengar dan merasakan hembusan

nafas
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Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
1.

Sesak

: - rasa sesak
- pernafasan cuping hidung
- retraksi

2.

Kebiruan: - dibibir
- di ujung jari

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Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Pemeriksaan fisik :
1. Inspeksi
2. Auskultasi
3. Perkusi

: ekspansi dada simetris

: bising nafas kiri = kanan
: sonor kiri = kanan

25

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Oksigen :
Bila KU penderita tidak baik

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Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Pemberian oksigen :
1.
2.
3.

Kanul hidung
Face mask
Non Rebreathing mask

27

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing

Kanul hidung

facemask

non rebreating

28

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Pemberian oksigen
1. Udara bebas
2. Kanul hidung dengan O2 2 LPM
3. Kanul hidung dengan O2 6 LPM
4. Rebreathing facemask O2 6 8 LPM
5. Non rebrathing mask O2 8 12 LPM

29

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Frekuensi ventilasi tambahan :
1. Dewasa
10 -12 kali/menit
2. Anak anak
20 kali/menit
3. Bayi
20 kali/menit

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Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Pernafasan buatan ( artificial ventilation )
1. Mouth to mouth ventilation
2. Mouth to mask ventilation
3. Bag - valve mask (bag resuscitator)

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Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing

Nafas buatan mouth to mouth

32

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing

Nafas buatan mouth to mask

33

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing

Nafas buatan mouth to mask dengan tambahan O2

34

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Konsentrasi oksigen pada nafas buatan
Mouth to mouth :
Udara ekspirasi 16 17 %

35

Training and Education AGD 118

Breathing
Pemberian oksigen dengan bag resuscitator

36

Training and Education AGD 118

Circulation
Frekuensi denyut jantung :
1.
2.
3.

Dewasa
Anak anak
Bayi

60 80 kali/mnt
60 140 kali/mnt
85 200 kali/mnt

waspada bila pada orang dewasa > 100 kali/mnt

37

Training and Education AGD 118

Circulation
Tempat memeriksa denyut nadi

38

Training and Education AGD 118

Circulation
Bila jantung berhenti berdenyut
Maka
Kompresi jantung luar

39

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Langkah langkah sebelum RJP (AHA
1. Cek respon penderita
2. Call for help
3. Posisi pasien
4. Buka jalan nasaf periksa pernafasan ( - )
5. Pernafasan buatan 2 kali
6. Periksa Arteri Carotis ( - )
7. Kompresi jantung luar
40

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Menentukan titik tempat kompresi

41

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Posisi tangan

42

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

43

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Kompresi jantung

Neonatus

anak
44

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Ventilasi pada neonatus

45

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Kompresi jantung pada neonatus

46

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Perbandingan kompresi jantung
5 : 1 2 penolong
15 : 2 1 penolong

47

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Dalamnya kompresi jantung luar
Dewasa
Anak
Bayi

3 5 cm
2 3 cm
1 2 cm

48

Training and Education AGD 118

Resusitasi Jantung Paru ( RJP )

Menghentikan RJP
Keputusan dokter

49

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