INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS

1.1
GROUP ANIMALS AND SOLITARY
ANIMALS

1. The place where an animal lives in is

called .
2. Animals that live together in a habitat is
called .
3. Animal that live alone and do everything
alone is called
ANIMALS THAT LIVE IN GROUPS
1. Examples of animals that live in groups are
,
,
.
2. A colony of . may consists
of several thousands to hundreds of
thousands of ..
3. . And . Live
in small groups.
4. Advantages of animals that live in groups
are :
(a) They can work together to
their . and collect

Examples : a group of lions cooperate as a

team to hunt for food.
(b) They can help each other to
themselves from the
.
ANIMALS THAT ARE SOLITARY
1. Animals that are solitary do
everything.
2. They . and hunt for
..

3. They come together only for

4. They avoid for

. and
5. They usually mark their territory to warn
their enemies.
6. Examples of animals live in solitary are
.. ,
. ,
. And
1.2
COMPETITION
There are many types of interaction
among living things that live in a particular
space.
.. between animals
that live in groups is a type of interaction.
is another type of
interaction among living things.

.. occurs among
animals and plants that live in the same
.
. Occurs when two or more
living things have the same
.. that are limited.
COMPETITION AMONG ANIMALS
1. Competition can occur among animals
on the same.
2. Competition can occur between
.. .. of
animals.
3. Several factors that cause competition
are :
(a) .
(b) .
(c) ..
(d) ..
(e) ...
4. The . Animals
will become the .
5. The
animals will be ..
from the habitat.
COMPETITION FOR FOOD AND WATER
1. Competition occurs when the food and
water resources are ..
COMPETITION FOR MATE
1. Competition for mate occurs among the
species of animals.
COMPETITON FOR SHELTER AND
TERRITORY
1. Competition occurs when animals are
looking for new .
/territory and .
their own shelter or territory.
COMPETITION AMONG PLANTS
1. Plants compete for :
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2. If more plants grow in an area, the
competition will be
more
3. Examples in a ..
4. If plants cannot get enough
.. ,
,
and
. their growth will
be ..

5. Some plants may be and

some may ..
6. Plants in the rainforest do not grow
fast.
7. This because they receive different
amounts of .... and
..
8. Each plant try to grow
to get more
.
9. Plants with woody stems will be more
successful in the competition.
10.Plants with weak stems will use special
adaptations to reach for light.
11.Example : money plant uses its
clasping roots to attach itself to the
trunk of the tree.
1.3

PROTECTING ENDANGERED

SPECIES

ENDANGERED SPECIES

the threat of becoming

. Are called

Extinction of animals

An extinct animal is an animal which no

longer
Extinction of a species of animal occurs

.. species.
Examples of endangered species are :

.
..

activities are the

main reason why these species are

becoming extinct.
Human activities that cause the species to

become extinct are :

and

excessive.
.. and

excessive
Excessive ..

Animals and plants are natural resources that

are very .... to us.

Species of animals or plants that are facing

ILLEGAL AND EXCESSIVE LOGGING

Illegal logging involves logging without

when all the animals of that species

. , logging outside
.. areas and

.
Extinct species are ..

forever.
E.g of animals that are already extinct

are :
..

.
..

and forest
roads.
Illegal and excessive

Dinosaur and hairy elephant become

extinct because of
.. in climate or
of the

earth.
The extinction of Dodo bird and
Tasmanian are because of
. Activities.

unauthorised construction of infrastructure

activities cause many

. to be destroyed.
The loss of one plant species can lead to
the of many more
..

ILLEGAL AND EXCESSIVE HUNTING

Some animals are hunted by humans for

. or for

. Gains.
Animals that are commonly hunted by

humans are :
.

..

Tigers are hunted for their

Deer are killed for their

..
The elephants are hunted for their

The rhinoceros is killed for its

.. of the area is

, the soil is easily ..

People are using more resources such as

to build houses.
People need more . For

development.
(b)
Flash
A Flash Flood is a
flooding that
occurs when floodwaters
. Rapidly within several

. And

When an area of forest is developed into a

and development.

the forest become extinct.

ANIMALS AND PLANTS

Example improper planning of the

river. This cause the river become

against excessive .
(b) . The public

. And it easily
.. during heavy rain.

about the importance of protecting and

(c)
. Pollution
Caused by human activities such as

buying products made from

.. species.
(d) .. the law.
1.4

IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON

THE ENVIRONMENT.
(a)
Soil .. and

.
Soil erosion and landslides are caused

mainly by .
Deforestation is the
down of trees in an area such as in a

area.
When all the ..
are. down , the

drainage system.
Soil erosion from deforestation causes a
large amount and sand to flow to the

(a) Organizing ..

conserving animals and plants

(c) .. consuming or

hours of heavy rain.

Flash floods are caused by several human
activities such as

city, farm or residential area the wildlife in

WAYS TO PREVENT THE EXTINCTION OF

out.
Landslide also occur because of improper
. Of

EXCESSIVE DEVELOPMENT

to erosion.
When there is rain

., industrial and

. Activities.
Deforestation causes the river water to

become
Factory wastes such as .
Chemicals cause .

Pollution.
P. And
F. Also can cause
water pollution in agriculture.

(d)
.. pollution
Caused by human activities such as
I.. activities,

. And open

STEPS TO REDUCE DESTRUCTION OF THE

.
Factories emit many .

ENVIRONMENTAL

.. human

activities.
New trees should be .

Such as and

dust.
Open releases a large
amount of . And
. Into the air.

After logging.