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.IABATANPENGAJIANPOI,I'IEKNIK
PENGA.I
IAN'f INGGI
I(E,MI]N]-IIRIAN
MI]KANIKAL
.IAI]A'I'ANKE.ITJRUTERAAN
sl
PEPf]RIKSAAN
AKHIR
S E S IDISEM BER2 0 I2
JJ207: I HERMODYNAMICSI
'fARlKll
]'llMPOIl

: 25 APRIL 2013
: 2.IAM ( 2.30PM - 4.30PM )

Keltasini mengandungi
bercetak.
SEBELAS (11) halarrran
Dokurlensokouganyangdiserlakan:Forrnula,JadualStinr

.JANGANBIIK/\ KERTAS SOALANINI SEHINGGAI)IARAHKAN

(C[,O yangterterahanla scbagainLjukan)
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SI'I,IT

I
JJ20?:TIIIIRMODYNAMICS

S I J L IT

INSTRUCTION:
Answerany FOUR (4 qucstions.
This papefconsistsofSIX (6) strociuredquestions.
'lable and formulasaregivenin separate
sheets.

ARAHAN:
Bahag:ianini nengandungi ENAM (6) soalan berstruktur. Jat'ab mana-manaEMPAT
(4) soalun.,ludual danTrrnula diberikan di dalam kerttt berasingan.

QUESTION I
SOAL'IN 1
D

CLOI
CI

(a)

unitsandtheir symbols.
List FOUR (4) SI (lntemationalStandard)
SendrdikdnEMP,4T (4) unit- nit SI (International Standanl) dan simbolsinfiolnya.
[4 narksl
14narkahl

cl-ol
c2

( t)

concepi.s
ofthermodynamics;
Uxplainwith the aid of sketchthe tundamental
6as lemodinamik
Terangkandenganbantuangambaraieh lentang konseF-kansep
bagi:

system
\)

boundary

iii. sLlnoundi0gs

[7 marks]
l7 ntarkahl

SULI T

+
S U L IT

CLOl (cl
C2

JJ207: IHERMODYNAMICS I

Convert
thefollowingunits:
Tukarkanunit-unitberiltut:
0.15barto kN/m'z.
0.15barkepadakN/m'?.

380km,/hto cm/minutc
370km/jkepada
cm/minit

l.

t,

6N/crn2 to kN/m2
6 N/cm'? kepadakN/m'

[6 marksj
16markahl

cl-ol
C3

(d)

ExplainwiththeaidofsketchofzerolhLawofthermodynamics

TerangkandenganbanttlangambarajahHukum74mthtermodinomilc
[8 marks]
[8 narkahl

ri,

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JJ20?:TI IR MOD \ N A M l ( S I

S U L IT

QUESTION2
SOALAN 2

CL O I
C2

(a)

Draw the P-r,diagramandlabelthecriticalpoint,saturated

liquid line,dry
saltlraledsteamline,wet stamregionandcompressliquid region.
Lukiskang.ntharajdh P Ndan tandakantitik kr[tikal, garisan ceca[r tepu,
gdrisdn slinl lepu, ka\tasarl v)apbasahdan ktwasan cccair termampa|
[7 marks]
17markahl

cr.ol (b)

\rcJnrat l0 bar hasthespecificinlemalenertsy

2480kJAg.tind:

C:]

r)

dryncssfiaction

ru

specificvolurne

iii)

specificenthalpy
Skelchandlocatethe drynessfiactiooon the P-v diagram

Stin poda tekananl0 bar menryunyaitenagddalannya 2480 kl/kg. Kirikan;

i)

pecahankekeringa

ii)

isipadutetltu

iii)

?ntdlpilentu

iv)

Lakardan tdnd.lkuntitik pecdhankel,c ngn padarajahP-v

0 marksl
110ndrkahl

1)

15 )t
l? tT

sD

13 ry
rt

r?

R
.l

SI ] LI 'T

Ei

S U L IT

clol

(c)

JJ207:IIIf,RMODYNAMICS

Steamat 200 bar is at 425"C. Detmine :

Stimpa.to tekanan 200bar dan suhtnya l2yc.Tentakan :

the degreeof superheat,

Darjah pdnas lampau,

I.

specificvolume,
Isipadu tentu,

iii.

specificenthalpy,
Entalpi le tu,

iv.

spcific intqmalenergy.
Tenagadalam tenu.
[8 marks]
18narkahl

.1.1207:
THERMODYNAMICS I

QUES'rtON3
SOALAN3

cLo2
C2

(a)

A cerlaingasis flowing in a 0.5 m2areapipeat a uniformvelocityof0.75 m/s

are30oCand I20 kParespectivelyDetennine
and the pressure
lhe tetnperature
the massflow mte.GivenCn= 1.03kJ/kgKand C": 618 J/kgK.
Suatugannery4lir di dala paip he ,eluasan0 5 # pada halaju yang
seragamiaitu 0.75 nh. Suhudantekanan masing-masingadalah 30{ dan
kadaraliranjisim Diheri C'p-1.03lrl/kgK dan
120kPa. Tentuhan
C,-6 I 8 J/kgK.

[8 marks]
fB ma*ahl

STJLI T

tl

JJ20r:I lr ERIIODYNAMICS
I

S U L I' T

CLO2

c4

(b)

ln a steadyflow opensyslema fluid substance

llows at the rale of240 kg/min.
It entersthe systeDral a pressureof 550 kPa, a velocity 0.25 knr/s, internal
energy2500 kJ/kg and specilic volumc 0.55 m'/kg. lt leavcsthe systemat a
pr?ssure1.5bar,a velocityof 140m/s, intemalenergy1.55MJ/kg and specilic
volume 1.5 llr5/kg.During its passage
throughthe system,th substance
has a
loss by heat lransfer of 45 kJ/kg to the suffoundings.lf any change of
gravitationalpotentialenergyareneglected,
determine:

D.lan aliran mantte bagi satu siste,.l,terbuka, bendal t engathpada kdlur

210 kg/min. Ia memasukisistentpado tekanan 550kPa, hulaju 0.25 knh,
tenogadalam tentu 2500 kl/kg dan ixipadu tentu 0.55 n3./kg.Id neninggolkan
xisteu pada tekandn L5 bar, halaju 110 n/.r, tenagadalan tentu 1.55 ltlJ/kg
Llanisipadu tentu L5 m'/kg Setnananelalui tistem, bendalir telah kehilangan
haba sebanyakl5 k l/kg ke persekituron.Jika sebarangperabahan tenog.l
keupayaangrur ily liab.tikun, lenluhan:

powerofthe system,andstatewh;ther it is corningfrom OR to the

system.
h@sasistemlersebut,dan yatakan samaada ia daripada ATAa kepadd

[9 marks]
le narkahl
ii)

the inletandoutletareaofthe system( in cmr )

laas di hdhagian masukdan keluar sistem ( in cm2)

[8 marks]
l8 narkahl

SULI T

JJ207:I H f,R MOD Y N A N IIC SI

S U L IT

4
QUtrSTI()N
SOALAN4
Dellne close systemand opcn systerr. Cive ONE (1) example for cach system

IdkriJkLn sister,tertutup dan .tiste t tefiukd. llerikan SATU (1) conkrll bdgi
vlr.tlt sdlu s6lent.

[6 nrarks]
16markahl

( t , o l (b)

ra

(l

llasedon thc slcadyflow energyequatidrbelow,statethe quantit)andunjt for

symbol.
eachequatio'r's
,.,

U, , ' . 1| |

'l

Ilardosarkan pcrsantaan lanuga aliftot

.2

(' 2 ."/r,l
lanlall di b6rah.

yaldkdn kuantili dLtn

nil bagi reliop.rinhol Perydnrcmn.

l7 marksl
l7 narkethl

cl.o2 (c)
C]

(lasentersa lurbineat a prcssure

of7.5 barwith specillcintemalenergyand
The gascxit the
specificvolumeof 1657kJ/kgand 0.56mr/kg respeclively.
turbincwith specillcenthalpyI 819 kJ/kgwhile {hcwork energyproducedis l0

t.

polential
energyandkineticcncrgyis
thehcattransf-er,
kJ/s.Assuming
neglecled.llcfcrminethenrassflow ratc ofthc turbinein kghr.
Gosnd!;ukke ddlun turhin Pddat. kdndn7 5 l)LDd(ngontendgoddhlnttentu
lon i.tiltklu tent s(hdnvak)657 kJ/kgdan 0 56nf/kg Gaskeltnr daripada
hn'ttinde gd eLltollitentu';aharyakl3l9 kl/kg mandkdht.tenagakelulnng
dihdsitkLnddol h \abonyuk3a kJ/t. Ptninlahan hdhd,tcnagnkeuft)'Lnn
grot'iti thtti tctteKl kiLtctik
bolehditlbtikon Ttntttkunkadaralit jisim daltun
k;4,hr.
[12lnarks]
|2 narkahl
SUI,IT

SULT[

.1.1207:
THERMODYNAMICS I

QIJESTION 5

soAL.lN 5
CLOl (a)
CI

DefineSecondLaw of Thcrmodynamics.
TakriJkanHukum Kedua Tenlodinanik.
[3 rirarks]
lj wrkahl

c]-ot (b)
C4

Comparebetweenheatengineandreversiblelrcatenginebasedon their flow

dragram.
Banclingkeneniin haha denganenjin haba balikan benlasarkankepada
gambarajuh alirannya.

fl0 marksj
|0 narkahl

CLO2 (cl
C3

A householdrefrigeratorwith a COPof2.2 rejectedheatfrom therefrigerated

spaceal a raLeof 75 kJ/min.Determine:
Sebulthpeti sejukdenganCOP 2.2 membuanghab6 dei ruangpenyejukknnya
pada kadar 75kJ/min.l entukon:

The electdcpowerconsumedby the refrigerator.

Kuasa elekrrikyang digunakanolehpeti sejuk.
The rateof heattmnsferred
to the kitchenalr.
Kadar penndahan haba ke udara tlt ruang dapur.

[2 marks]
[12narkah]

S U L IT

JJ207: THERMODYNAMICS I

QUESTION 6
SOALAN 6

cl-o I
CI

(4,

clol

(b)

Defineheatenginebasdon thermodynamics
application.
TakriJkahe4jin haba berdasarkankepadaaplikasi dalam termodinarnik.

ExplainFOUR(4)characteristics
ofheatengin.
TeranglanEMPAT (4) sfar erf,n haba.
[t marks]
It na*ah)

t0

SULTT

' ' , )tl lt:"i "

SUI,IT

CL(]2 (c)
C3

JJ207:TH E R MOD Y N A MICSI

A Nitrogen(molecularweight28) expandsrevcrsiblyin a pneu;atic cylinderat

a constantpressureof2.05 bar. The initial temperature
was 25"Cwith a volume
of 0.05 m'.

The temperaturerises to 500'C after the process.Assuming

nitrogento be a perfectgas(Cp - 1.045kj/kg K), calculate:

Ntrogen tb?rotm,lpAul 28.1
tlikenbugkan vtata bolehbalik di dalan.titinler
pneumdik parla tekafiantetap 2.05 baL Suhu6 ,al adaklh 25"C de gan isipatlu
0.05 mr. S hunya meningkat itpada 500"C selepasproses \eNehut. Andaikatl
nitrogen sebagai 8r.tssenpurna (Cp = 1.015H/kg K), kirakan:

massofnitrogen
.Iisimnitrcgen

work doneby nitrogen

Kerja yang dilakakan oleh nitrogen

lt t _

heatflow duringtbe expansionprocess

habayang mengalir sepanjangprosespehgembangan

changeof entropy.
perubahan entropi.

I l4 marks]
[11narkahl

SOALAN TAMAT

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