NGN NG

S 6

2012

NHNG YU CU KHI S DNG T HN VIT

TRONG VN BN QUN L NH NC
ThS TH THANH NGA*

1. Vi nt v t Hn Vit trong
vn bn qun l nh nc

Vn bn qun l nh nc c
phn loi thnh:

Theo cch hiu thng thng, t

Hn Vit l nhng t gc Hn, c
pht m theo m Hn Vit, l sn phm
ca qu trnh Vit ha cc yu t gc Hn.

- Vn bn quy phm php lut

vi cc th loi: hin php, lut, php
lnh, ngh quyt, ngh nh, ngh quyt,
ch th, thng t;

Vi t cch l mt thut ng ngn

ng hc, T Hn - Vit l ca ting
Vit nhng c ngun gc t ting Hn,
nhp vo h thng t vng ting
Vit, chu s chi phi ca cc quy lut
ng m, ng php v ng ngha ca
ting Vit, cn gi l t Vit gc Hn
(Nguyn Nh (ch bin), T in
gii thch thut ng ngn ng hc,
Nxb GD, H, 1996, tr.369)

- Vn bn c bit vi cc th loi:
quyt nh, ch th, ngh quyt, ni quy,
quy ch...;

T Hn - Vit gp phn lm
phong ph vn t ca ting Vit, gp
phn quan trng trong vic biu t
cc khi nim khc nhau ca i sng
v nhiu khi khng tm c t thun
Vit tng ng thay th. Trong
ting Vit, t Hn Vit chim t l gn
70%; s cn li l t thun Vit v cc
t Php, Anh, Nga... c Vit ho.
Vn bn qun l nh nc l vn
bn m cc c quan nh nc dng
ghi chp, truyn t cc quyt nh
qun l v cc thng tin cn thit cho
hot ng qun l theo ng th thc,
th tc v thm quyn lut nh.

- Vn bn hnh chnh thng thng

vi cc th loi: bo co, cng vn,
t trnh, bin bn, hp ng, chng
trnh, k hoch, thng bo...
Vn bn qun l nh nc thc
hin cc chc nng quan trng l chc
nng thng tin, chc nng qun l, chc
nng php l, chc nng vn ho - x
hi. V vy, chng mang nhng c
trng c bn l tnh chnh xc, mch
lc; tnh khun mu; tnh nghim tc,
trang trng, lch s; tnh khch quan;
tnh hiu lc v tnh i chng.
Trong vn bn qun l nh nc,
t Hn Vit c s dng ph bin.
Theo thng k ca tc gi Nguyn
Th Truyn trong bi vit Tm hiu
tnh chnh xc ca ngn ng lut php
ting Vit, t l t Hn - Vit trong
..............................
*

Trng i hc Ni v H Ni.

Ngn ng s 6 nm 2012

58
vn bn php lut ni ring khong
85%, vn bn qun l nh nc ni
chung l khong 60%. Khi kho st

mt s vn bn qun l nh nc, chng

ti cng nhn thy tn s s dng t
Hn Vit rt ln, c th nh sau:

STT

Mu thng k

Tn s xut hin
t Hn Vit

T l

1.

Ngh nh s 06/2010/N-CP ca
Chnh ph Quy nh nhng ngi l
cng chc

1.105/1.475

74, 91%

2.

Lut Ban hnh vn bn quy phm php

lut, t iu 1 n iu 26

1.568/2.217

70,72%

3.

Ngh nh s 34/2010/N-CP ngy

02/4/2010 ca Chnh ph quy nh x
pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh
vc giao thng ng b, t iu 1
n iu 7 Chng I

617/1.092

56%

4.

Php lnh x l vi phm hnh chnh s

44/2002/PL-UBTVQH10, t iu 1
n iu 7, dng 859 lt t, c 528 t
Hn Vit

528/859

61%

5.

Quyt nh s 390/Q-HNV ngy

07/3/2012 ca Hiu trng Trng
HNV H Ni v/v b nhim Ph
Trng phng Qun l o to

143/193

74%

6.

Cng vn s 91/HCTC ngy 14/12/2009

ca Phng Hnh chnh T chc Trng
HNV H Ni

77/118

65%

7.

Thng bo s 898/TB-CNV ngy

24/12/2009 ca Trng HHNV H
Ni v kt qu thi ua khen thng
nm 2009

85/121

70%

(Nhng t ny u xut hin trong

T in t v ng Hn Vit do Nguyn
Ln ch bin).
C mt s l do khin t Hn Vit
c u tin s dng trong vn bn
qun l nh nc:
- Th nht: T Hn - Vit c tnh
cht tnh, khng gi hnh nh, cm xc;

l tr kh khan; c tnh trang trng,

nghim tc, lch s hn t thun Vit
tng ng nn thch hp vi tnh nghim
tc, trang trng lch s ca vn bn
qun l nh nc. Th d: Trong nhng
cp t ng ngha kt hn - ly nhau,
cng v - vic cng, hnh kht - n
my, ph n - n bth kt hn,
cng v, hnh kht, ph n l nhng

Nhng yu cu...
t Hn Vit, chng mang sc thi trang
trng, nghim tc hn cc t thun
Vit tng ng.
- Th hai: T Hn Vit l n
v c tnh n nh v cu to v mang
tnh n ngha. c trng ny ph hp
vi yu cu v tnh chnh xc ca vn
bn qun l nh nc.
- Th ba: T Hn Vit biu th
c khi nim tru tng, khi qut.
Mt t Hn Vit c kh nng biu th
hm sc ni dung m ting Vit phi
din t bng mt t hp t. Th d:
T Hn Vit nguyn n tng ng
vi t hp t n ngi i kin gi
n ta n. c trng ny gip cho
vn bn t c tnh ngn gn m
.
- Th t: Mt s khi nim thuc
cc lnh vc khc nhau c biu t
bng t Hn Vit. Trong khi , khng
c t thun Vit tng ng thc
hin vic biu t ny. Th d: ch
khi nim mt nc gi trn vn ch
quyn ca mnh v chnh tr, kinh t,
vn ho, khng b l thuc vo nc
khc ch c t Hn Vit c lp biu
t c trn vn ni dung m khng
th dng t thun Vit no biu
t khi nim ny. Tng t, cc t
kinh t, chnh tr, ngh quyt, ngh nh,
thng v, gim c, b trng, chnh
ph, u ban, cng chc... l nhng t
khng c t thun Vit tng ng.
T Hn Vit c dng trong vn
bn qun l nh nc vi nhiu chc
nng: gi tn c quan, n v, t chc;
ch tn loi vn bn; ch chc danh,
chc v; cc thut ng hnh chnh;
biu th cc hot ng qun l, cc

59
mi quan h v l li lm vic trong
hot ng qun l...
2. Nhng yu cu khi s dng
t Hn Vit trong vn bn qun l
nh nc
V t Hn Vit l lp t vay mn
bng nhiu phng thc khc nhau,
s tip nhn ca cng ng s dng
ngn ng i vi nhm t ny nhiu
khi khng thng nht v m thanh,
hnh thc cu to v v ngha ca t
dn n vic s dng nhiu khi thiu
chnh xc, lm gim hiu qu giao tip.
Qua kho st mt s vn bn qun
l nh nc, chng ti thy li v dng
t Hn Vit thng biu hin nhng
dng nh sau: Li v v ng m, li
v ngha, li v phong cch chc nng
v lm dng t Hn vit. Chng hn:
dng st nhp thay cho sp nhp; dng
xm nhp nhm ln vi thm nhp;
dng bao bin ch ngha dng lp
lun c v nh hp l nhng tht ra
l sai lm tranh ci trong mt vn
, m ng ra phi dng ngu bin;
dng kin thit trong khi c xy
dng hoc khng dng t Hn Vit
ng i tng, hon cnh, ni dung
v ch giao tip.
mt vn bn qun l nh nc
thc hin c cc chc nng nh
nu trn, ngoi vic vn bn phi ban
hnh ng thm quyn, trnh t, th
thc quy nh th vn bn cn phi
chun xc v thng tin qun l v vic
dng t ng ni chung, t Hn Vit
ni ring gp phn khng nh gip
biu t mc chnh xc ca ni
dung thng tin trong vn bn. Sau y
l trao i v nhng yu cu c bn

Ngn ng s 6 nm 2012

60
khi s dng t Hn Vit trong vn bn
qun l nh nc:
2.1. Dng t Hn Vit cn ng
v hnh thc cu to
Ting Vit l ngn ng khng
bin hnh. c im ny chi phi vic
dng t ng phi ng m, ng ngha
m cng ng s dng ngn ng
quy c v chp nhn. Tuy t Hn Vit
l lp t vay mn, song chng
chu s chi phi ca cc quy lut ng
m, ng php, ng ngha ca ting Vit.
V vy, t Hn Vit cng mang c
im khng bin hnh t.
Vi yu cu v tnh chnh xc
ca vn bn qun l nh nc, vic
dng t ng ni chung, t Hn Vit
ni ring cn ng v mt cu to t.
Hnh thc cu to t ng s l c s
to ngha ng trong vn bn.
Trong thc t s dng, mt hnh
thc ca t Hn Vit i khi b bin
thnh nhiu m c khc nhau. Li v
hnh thc cu to t Hn Vit thng
c biu hin dng sau:
m ng

Bin m

- Bin ph m u: Hin tng

ny dn n hu qu l t ang dng
mang hnh thc ca t khc, vi ngha
khc hoc tr nn n v khng c
ngha. Th d: xn ln -> sn ln (sn
ln khng c ngha).
- Bin v phn vn: Hin tng
ny cng dn n hu qu nh t b
bin ph m u. Th d: tham quan ->
thm quan (thm quan khng c mt
trong t in).
- Bin v thanh iu: Mi t Hn
Vit mang mt thanh iu nht nh,
nu b bin thanh, t ang dng s
mang ngha khc hoc khng c ngha.
Th d: o ng -> o ng (o ng
khng c ngha).
Son tho vn bn qun l nh
nc cn quan tm ti hin tng ny
ca t Hn Vit la chn hnh thc
t ng a vo vn bn. Th d di
y cho thy hin tng bin m ca
t Hn Vit khin ngi son tho vn
bn khng khi lng tng khi s dng:
m ng

Bin m

Vit v

Lit v

Vn cnh

Vng cnh

n thng
c m

n phng
c m

Doanh nghip

Danh nghip

Lng mn

Lng mng

Bnh mn tnh Bnh mn tnh

Mn ng hu i

Xn ln

Tinh gim (bin ch)

Hch ton

Mn ng h i
Sng ln, sn ln Tinh gin (bin ch)
Hoch ton
Sinh thit

Tru tng

Tru tng

(Nghe) phong thanh

(Nghe) phong phanh

o ng

o ng

Tuyt chng

Tit chng

Thiu s

Tiu s

Nhm chc

Nhn chc

Sinh tit

Nhng yu cu...

61

V phu

Ph phu

Qu ph

Ga ph

Cu kt

Cu kt

Tham quan

Thm quan

V hnh trung V hnh chung

Ta chung thm

Ta trung thm

Kim ch

Km ch

Hng (ngy, nm)

Hng (ngy, nm)

Phn nh

Phn nh

Gim st

Gim sot

Tin tuyn

Tuyn tuyn

Khng nh

Khng nh

(Vin) kim st (Vin) kim sot

Khc chit

Khc trit

Hin tng dng t khng chun

xc v hnh thc cu to vn tn ti
trong mt s vn bn qun l nh nc.
Th d: Ti Bo co tng kt cng tc
nm 1998 ca Cng ti Xy lp in
II, vit: Hng nm, c s quan
tm ca ng y, Ban Gim c, Cng
on Cng ti t chc cho cn b,
cng nhn vin i thm quan, ngh
mt, to tm l phn khi, tch cc cho
ngi lao ng.
th d trn, hng (nm) v thm
(quan) khng ng v hnh thc cu
to. Hng: n mc, n gii hn";
hng: lp i lp li ca s tnh, hnh
ng. Vy, phi dng hng nm thay
cho hng nm.
Tham quan: Trong ting Hn
tham c hai ngha v c mn vo
ting Vit trong hai dy t phi sinh
khc nhau. Vi ngha "tham gia", tham
c mt trong cc t Hn Vit: tham
chin, tham chnh, tham d, tham gia,
tham lun... Vi ngha "tham kho",
tham c mt trong: tham bc, tham
kho, tham quan, tham vn... Trong
ting Vit, tham quan c ngha "xem
nhn tn ni thm hiu bit v hc

hi kinh nghim". Cn thm quan

khng c trong t in Ting Vit.
Dng thm quan thay cho tham quan
l khng ng v hnh thc cu to t.
2.2. Thn trng vi cc t Hn
Vit gn m, gn ngha d nhm ln
Hin tng gn m kh ph bin
trong ting Vit. l nhng t c
m c gn ging nhau, nhng ngha
th khc nhau. Th d: thm nhp/ xm
nhp, nhn thn/ thn nhn th ngha
ca thm nhp hon ton khc ngha
ca xm nhp, nhn thn hon ton
khc ngha vi thn nhn.
Biu hin hnh thc ca cc t
gn m l:
- Ging nhau v phn vn, khc
nhau v ph m u;
- Ging nhau v ph m u, gn
ging nhau v vn v thanh iu;
- Ging nhau mt b phn ca
t ghp.
Th d sau y cho thy, hin
tng gn m nu khng c lu
trong s dng th ni dung vn bn
s b thiu chnh xc: bn hon - bng
hong, bng quang - bng quan, bao

62
bin - ngy bin, mt hiu - mt khu,
biu din - din xut, biu dng tuyn dng, cu trc - kin trc, ch
tch - ch to - ch tr, cng b - tuyn
b, yu im - im yu (im yu l
t thun Vit), kim st - kim sot,
lun phin - lun lu - lun chuyn,
nguyn tc - nguyn l, thc t - thc
tin, thm nhp - xm nhp...
Ta xt hai t: thc t - thc tin.
Theo Nguyn Ln gii thch trong T
in t v ng Hn Vit, Nxb T in
Bch khoa, H., 2002 th:
Thc t: 1. S c tht trong cuc
sng; 2. St vi s tht
Thc tin: 1. Tnh hnh hin c
tht s trc mt; 2. Cng vic
ng tin hnh tht s
Nh vy, ngha ca hai t gn
m ny khc nhau. Ta ni: thc tin
Cch mng Vit Nam ch khng ni
thc t Cch mng Vit Nam.
Hin tng dng nhm ln cc
t gn m biu t mt ni dung
c xut hin trong vn bn qun l nh
nc. Bo co s 38/BC-UBND ca
UBND x Vnh Thnh tng kt mt
nm thc hin gii quyt th tc hnh
chnh theo c ch mt ca, mt
ca lin thng vit: Mt s cng chc
cn c yu im v k thut, nghip
v hnh chnh lm nh hng phn
no ti hiu qu gii quyt th tc
hnh chnh cho dn. Yu im c
ngha l ch quan trng. Vi ngha
ny, khng th dng cho vic nhn
xt nhng hn ch ca cng chc ti
b phn mt ca. C th dng im
yu (t thun Vit) th ph hp.

Ngn ng s 6 nm 2012
2.3. Thn trng vi vic dng t
Hn Vit mi
To ra t mi l vic lm cn thit
pht trin vn t. Tuy nhin, t mi
phi c hnh thnh theo nhng quy
tc nht nh v phi c cng ng
s dng ngn ng chp nhn. Chng
hn, tc quyn l mt t mi c hnh
thnh trn c s kt hp ngha ca hai
t tc gi v quyn. Tc quyn c ngha
l "quyn tc gi". Hoc vn php nh
l mt cm t c hnh thnh trn
c s ngha ca 3 t: vn, php lut,
quy nh.
T Hn Vit mi c th khng
hoc cha thng dng v ngha v
cch s dng. V vy, nu cn thit
phi s dng th nn c s gii thch
ngi tip nhn vn bn d hiu
v hiu ng ni dung vn bn.
2.4. Dng ng ngha m t Hn
Vit biu th
Cng nh t thun Vit, ngha
l mt mt rt quan trng ca t Hn
Vit. Ngha ny c quy c v c
s dng thng nht trong cng ng
s dng ngn ng. Tuy nhin, y l
mt lp t vay mn bng nhiu con
ng, cch thc khc nhau nn vic
hiu ng ngha ca t s dng li
l mt vn cn nhiu kh khn.
Vn bn qun l nh nc rt cn
s chnh xc v ngha; s nghim tc,
trang trng v sc thi biu cm; m
bo tnh khch quan v tnh php l.
Yu cu ca vic dng t Hn Vit
ng ngha l:
(1) Biu th chnh xc, n ngha
ni dung cn din t

Nhng yu cu...

63

Th d: Bi tr v thanh tr l
hai t gn ngha. Bi tr c ngha l
tr b, thanh tr c ngha l thanh
lc v ui ra khi t chc. Trong
trng hp mun din t ni dung
tr b cc t nn ma tu, mi dm...
trong vn bn th dng bi tr, vn bn
s chp nhn cch vit: Bi tr cc
t nn x hi nh ma tu, mi dm...
lm trong sch a bn dn c. Khng
dng thanh tr trong trng hp ny
v khng ph hp ngha cn din t.

cho ph hp vi tn ti trt t ca t
chc hnh chnh.

(2) ng mu sc trang trng,

nghim tc, lch s ca vn bn.

Tha t l dng nhiu t ng

ngha ch mt ni dung. Mun t
s ngn gn, chnh xc, vn bn qun
l nh nc khng c mc li ny.

Th d: Cng vn s 11/TTNN
v/v t chc lp ting Anh c bn vit:
C nhn c nhu cu hc tp, ngh
ng k ti Trung tm THNN trc
ngy 18/11/2012. T c nhn c
la chn m bo c tnh nghim
tc hn nu dng ai.
Hoc khi kt thc mt cng vn
ngh, thng dng cm t xin trn
trng cm n s t c tnh trang
trng, lch s hn nu dng cm t
xin c cm n. S khc bit ny do
chnh t Hn Vit trn trng mang li.
(3) ng tn ti trt t hnh chnh
Khi son tho v ban hnh mt
vn bn qun l nh nc, cn xc nh
i tng tip nhn vn bn v v th
giao tip ca i tng tip nhn vn
bn xt trong mi quan h vi c quan
ban hnh vn bn. C th l cp trn
vi v th giao tip mnh; c th l
cp di vi v th giao tip yu, hoc
ngang cp vi v th cn bng gia
cc bn. T , la chn t ng
xng h, trao i, trnh by... sao

Th d: Trong s cc t mong
mun, ngh, yu cu th tu thuc
vo i tng tip nhn vn bn vo
v th no m la chn ph hp. Vi
cp trn, th phi dng mong mun,
(knh) ngh; vi cp di, c th
dng yu cu hoc ngh (khi mun
"mm ho" mnh lnh)...
2.5. Trnh dng tha t

C th nu mt s th d v nhng
s kt hp tha t nh sau:
- Ti to li; ngha c p; i
quy m ln; ngy sinh nht; ti u
nht, cha v thnh nin; hon thnh
xong; ton th cn b, cng chc, vin
chc, ging vin v gio vin; cm
khng c vi phm cc danh lam
thng cnh v di tch lch s; tm ngng
ct in t 14h n 16h sa cha
ng dy
- T chc Thng mi th gii
WHO; Lin minh chu u EU, T
chc Qun s Bc i Ty dng
NATO; Qu Tin t quc t IMF
Trong Bo co ca Phng Ni
v M Linh v thc trng i ng cn
b cng chc cp x, vit:
S cng chc cp x c kin thc
v hiu bit v cng ngh thng tin
chim 47% tng s cng chc
Kin thc cng l hiu bit, do
vy dng tha t.

Ngn ng s 6 nm 2012

64
2.6. Khng lm dng t Hn Vit
T Hn Vit gi mt vai tr rt
quan trng trong h thng t vng
ting Vit v c bit c ngha i
vi vn bn qun l nh nc. Tuy
nhin, khng v th m lm dng t.
Lm dng t Hn Vit l dng t Hn
Vit mt cch my mc, dng ngay
c khi ni dung c t thun Vit
din t , chnh xc ni dung ngha.
V vy, ch dng t Hn Vit khi vn
bn khng c t thun Vit thch hp
hoc khi ni dung, tnh cht ca vn
bn yu cu. Vn khng phi dng
bao nhiu t Hn Vit m l dng t
no v dng th no m bo c
cc c trng chnh xc, nghim tc,
khch quan, hiu lc v khun mu
ca vn bn.
Th d: Hin php nc Cng
ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l vn
bn Lut cao nht la chn t Hn
Vit v thun Vit rt ph hp, m
bo chnh xc, d hiu cao.
iu 1. Nc Cng ho x hi
ch ngha Vit Nam l mt nc c
lp, c ch quyn, thng nht v ton
vn lnh th, bao gm t lin, cc
hi o, vng bin v vng tri.
Trong quy nh trn c nhiu t
thun Vit nh: nc, t lin, vng
bin, vng tri... Tuy cng c nhng
t Hn Vit tng ng nh quc gia,
lc a, hi phn, khng phn song
vn bn vn la chn t thun Vit
gip cho ngi dn tip nhn ni
dung Hin php c d dng, thun
li. Nu dng lc a, hi phn, khng
phn c th nh hng ti tnh i
chng ca vn bn.

Nh vy, vi cc cp t Hn Vit
v thun Vit tng ng, nu t
thun Vit c coi l thch hp vi
giao tip hnh chnh v ngha biu
vt, biu nim, biu thi v mu sc
phong cch th nn chn t thun Vit
cho vn bn hnh chnh, nh: Cc cp
t Hn Vit - Thun Vit tng ng
nh danh tnh - tn tui, chiu - theo,
huynh - anh em, phi trng - sn
bay, giang san - t nc, th trch nh t, kiu l - cu ng, ph thn cha, t ph - ng... nn chn tn tui,
theo, anh em, sn bay, t nc
m bo tnh i chng cho vn bn.
Nu dng danh tnh, chiu, huynh ,
phi trng, giang san, th trch, kiu
l, ph thn, t ph s mc li lm
dng t Hn Vit.
- Ngc li vi vic lm dng
t Hn Vit l khng dng t Hn Vit
khi cn dng. C nhng ni dung ng
ngha m t thun Vit khng c hoc
khng biu t c y ngha th
ngi s dng nht thit phi chn
t Hn Vit s dng. Nu trong
trng hp ny c gng p dng t
thun Vit th s nh hng ti ngha
ca vn bn.
Th d: Mun chn t ch t chc
lm dch v nhn tin gi c tr li
v cho vay li th ch c th dng t
Hn Vit qu tn dng, khng th dng
cm t ni cho vay tin v cm t ny
khng th dng lm tn c quan v
khng biu t c ht chc nng
ca c quan ny.
Hng lot t Hn Vit nh: t do,
th trng, chng khon, x hi, cng
sn, chuyn chnh, cng ha, ng
cng sn, chnh vn phng, y ban

Nhng yu cu...
nhn dn, sn xut, gii quyt, quc
hiu, chnh sch, quyt nh, thm quyn,
quyt ngh, cng chc, nh nc, chnh
ph... l nhng t khng c t thun
Vit tng ng nn cn thit phi
dng lt t c cc hoc th
hin c tnh trang trng, nghim
tc, lch s ca vn bn qun l nh
nc; trnh chuyn dch, sao phng
sang ting Vit.
2.7. Phn bit s khc nhau ca
cc cp t Hn Vit v thun Vit
tng ng cn nhc vic dng
hay khng dng t Hn Vit trong
vn bn.
Theo truyn thng, ngi ta gi
cc t Vit c ngun gc mn ting
Hn, pht m theo cch Vit Nam l
t Hn Vit. Cn cc t Vit v ngun
gc c quan h h hng vi cc ting
thuc ng h Nam c gi l t
thun Vit.
Ngy nay, trong kho t ng ting
Vit vn ang tn ti hng lot cp
t thun Vit v Hn Vit c ngha
tng ng. Th d: kin thit/ xy
dng, hnh phc/ sung sng, ph n/
n b, nhi ng/ tr em, t quc/ t
nc, pht ngn/ ni, trin lm/ trng
by, cng ch/ p buc
Nhng cp t trn c ngha biu
vt ging nhau, song khc nhau v sc
thi ngha, sc thi biu cm v phm
vi s dng.
Tuy cng biu th mt i tng
nhng i b phn t Hn Vit c sc
thi ngha tru tng, khi qut; c
tnh cht tnh; mang sc thi biu cm
trang trng, lch s. Cn cc t thun
Vit c ngha tng ng th c sc

65
thi ngha c th; c tnh sinh ng;
mang sc thi biu cm trung ho hoc
dn d, gin d.
Th d: Ph n l n b, con
gi ni chung nn phm vi ch nhiu
i tng, mang tnh khi qut; sc
thi biu cm khi dng l th hin s
tn vinh, trn trng. n b l mt
ngi tui c gia nh, con
ci, ang sc lao ng nn ch mt
nhm nht nh, c th; sc thi khi
dng l th hin s gin d, mc mc,
dn d. Do , vn bn qun l nh
nc do c trng ca n s thch hp
vi vic chn ph n hn l n b.
Cn vit: Chin lc v s pht trin
ca ph n m khng c vit:
Chin lc v s pht trin ca n
b, con gi l nh vy.
V c bn, khi gp cc cp t Hn
Vit v thun Vit tng ng, vn
bn qun l thng cn c vo sc thi
ngha khi qut, mu sc trang trng
nghim tc ca t hn Vit m la chn
cho vn bn.
Tuy nhin, s khc nhau ni trn
cng khng phi bt bin m c s
vn ng. Ngy nay, trc xu th pht
trin mnh m ca ting Vit theo tinh
thn t gi gn s trong sng ca ting
Vit v s khc nhau ni trn trong
mt s cp t thun Vit thay th cho
t Hn Vit nu khng gy tr ngi
g cho s chnh xc, s tinh t ca ting
Vit th c php la chn t thun
Vit cho vn bn qun l nh nc.
Chng hn cc cp t: hiu triu/ ku
gi, huynh / anh em, kin thit/ xy
dng, hc hiu/ nh trng th cn
chn ku gi, anh em, xy dng, nh
trng... Th d:

Ngn ng s 6 nm 2012

66
Nh nc h tr vic u t nng
cp, m rng v xy dng mi cc
c s cng nghip ch bin cc vng
tp trung, chuyn canh; hng dn
vic k kt hp ng cung ng vt t
v tiu th nng sn.
(Ngh quyt s 03/2000/NQ-CP
ngy 02/02/2000 ca Chnh ph v
kinh t trang tri)
2.8. Khng dng t Hn Vit c
trong vn bn qun l nh nc.
T Hn Vit c l nhng t ch
khi nim, s vic c, khng tn
ti hoc l nhng t c t khc thay
th. V ngha, chng t thng dng.
V sc thi, chng mang tnh c in,
c l, khng mang tnh thi s. Do
, t Hn Vit c khng c tnh ph
thng, i chng. Th d: Kh c,
b co, quan phng, quan in, quan
php v thn, ni tr, kinh ti
Vn bn qun l nh nc cn
s chnh xc, d hiu thc hin nht
qun. V vy, khng nn dng t Hn
Vit c trong loi vn bn ny.
3. Li kt
T Hn Vit chim s lng ln
trong ngn ng vn bn qun l nh
nc v ng vai tr quan trng trong
vic biu t ni dung thng tin. Tuy
nhin vic s dng lp t ny trong
vn bn qun l nh nc cn cha
chun mc, tn ti nhiu dng li nh:

Li cu to t, li ng ngha, li phong
cch t c tnh chnh xc,
nghim tc, trang trng, cn u tin
dng t Hn Vit trong vn bn qun
l nh nc. Vi mt s xut v
dng t Hn Vit nh trnh by trn,
chng ti mong mun y l mt s
tham kho c ch i vi vic dng
ngn ng trong son tho vn bn qun
l nh nc.
SUMMARY
Sino-Vietnamese words are ones
that have their static properties, meaning
and structural stability, indicating general
concepts and bringing the courteous,
solemn colors. They are, therefore, given
priority to using in the state management
documents. The efficiency in which the
Sino-Vietnamese words brought about
the State management documents are to
create, solemn, objective, accurate, concise
texts in accordance with the requirements
of the management.
That the use of Sino-Vietnamese
words lack of standard leads to the
denotation of the content of documents
lack their precision. This article has given
some suggestions on the use of the SinoVietnamese words in the documents
with an aim to contribute to improving
the quality and effectiveness of composing
state management documents in terms
of the language aspects.