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Outline:ConservationandPollutionControl

I. Introduction
A. Background
1. HookIlookedacrossaquartermileofturbid,rustcoloredwater
fleckedwithtrash.Adirtyrubberball,afewsodabottles,andacrumpled
potatochipbagfloatednexttoahunkofStyrofoam.Twomedicinevials
andarottingcabbagehadwashedashorenearthedisintegratinghullofan
abandonedferry.(CraigSimmonsP.25)
2. Background
Sincethetimesthateverythingbegantoevolve,including
industries,therehasbeenevidenceofpollution.Humanshavebeenusing
theEarthsresourcessincetheirexistencewithoutrestraintormuch
knowledgeofthefactthattherewereonlylimitedresourcesattheir
disposaltheresultofsomuchuseofnaturalresourcesisthatthesupply
isquicklydisappearingandtheuseofthemisdestroyingotherlimited
resources(i.e.waterandforests).
3. ThesisStatement
Peopleneedtostartdoingsomethingtoprevent
pollutionfromgettingworseusefulmethodswouldbeevaluatingwhat
pollutionhasdestroyedsofar,realizingwhatcouldhappeneverywhereif
thiscontinues,andusingdifferenttechniquestodecreasetheamountof
resourcesusedeveryyear.

II. Bodyofresearchpaper
A. ThesisSupport#1
1. BecauseofpollutionmanyoftheEarthsnaturalresourceshavebeen
destroyedorareindangerofbeinglost.
a. Withouttigers,thecarefullybalancedenvironmentwould
quicklyspinoutofcontrol.Simons,CraigP.110
b. Cranes.are.remindersofhowwehavereshapedtheplanet.
Elevenofthefifteencranespeciesarethreatenedorendangeredby
humanactivityhunting,trapping,and,mostimportant,draining
andfloodingmarshes.Simons,CraigP.220
c. Theworldpopulationofwildelephantshadfallenfrom1.3
millionin1980tofewerthan500,000in2010,andSamuelK.
Wasser,aUniversityofWashingtonbiologist,estimatedthat
between8and10percentoftheworldselephantpopulationwere
beingpoachedannually.Simons,CraigP.71
d. ....ChineseconsumedoneeighthasmuchpaperasAmericans.If
ChinesedemandeverreachedtheU.S.level,Chinaalonewould


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requirewhatwasthentheworldstotaltimberharvest.Simons,
CraigP.131
e. ThekwillatreeisfoundinNewGuineaandisonthevergeof
extinction.However,evenwiththisthreatpeoplearestillcuttingit
downillegallyandsellingitbecauseitismarketedasoneofthe
mostvaluablewoods.Simons,CraigP.134135
f. Chinahadrefusedtobanillegallysourcedtimber,andChinese
buyersseemedonlytocareaboutgettingthelowestprice.
Simons,CraigP.147
g. Ifin2025Chinasdemandcontinuedtogrowat16percent
annuallythentheywouldbeimportingover1billioncubicmeters
thisnumberistheequivalenttotwothirdsofthecurrentworld
totaloftimber.Simons,CraigP.161
B. ThesisSupport#2
1. Iftheworldspopulationdoesnotstarttotryandchangethentherewillbe
nohopeforourfuturegenerationstohaveandenjoy.
a. Overuseisthebiggestproblem.Weusetoomuchof
everything:timber,wateranimals,everything.Simons,Craig
WangSongP.73
b. Peopleneedtoberemindedoftheimportanceofphilosophytothe
preservationofwildlife.Simons,CraigP.76
c. ....morethan80percentofenergycomesfromburningfossil
fuels,anddespitetherecentgrowthofalternativeenergy,thatratio
hadremainedlargelyunchanged.Simons,CraigP.186
d. [Theworlds]environmentalchallengesarethesharpestreminder
thattheworldbelongsto[everyone]:Chinese,Americans,Indians,
Europeans,Tuvaluans,PapuaNewGuineanseveryone.Simons,
CraigP.230
e. ....weneedtodowhatweweretaughtinkindergarten:share,take
careofwhatwehave,worktogether,playfair.Simons,CraigP.
228
f. RiversinShanxi:88.4%arepolluted,62%arenolongerusable.
3:20NPR
g. Testsshowthattheannualaveragebenzopyrenelevel[inthe
ShanxiRiver]is290timesabovetheregulatorylimit.3:29NPR
h. WhileChiaJingwasreportingforthistopic,sheinterviewedasix
yearoldgirlin2004.Intheinterview,thelittleadmittedthatshe
hadneverseenawhitecloud,abluesky,orevenastar.4:03NPR
i. WhenJingfirststartedrecordingUndertheDomeshefoundout


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j.

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thatshewaspregnant.Throughthestoryshereferencesher
daughterandthefactthatshedidnotliketheenvironmentthatshe
wasgrowingupinsomuchsothatshewouldnottakeher
daughteroutonthedaysthatpollutionwereoverlybad.However,
thepollutionwassobadthattheydidnotgooutsideforoverhalf
oftheyear.4:25NPR
Inonestudy,46photographerstookpicturesofChinasskiesfor
manyconsecutivedays.Theresultsshowedthatthecitiesof
Tianjin,Shenyang,Chengdu,andShijiazhuanghadmajorpollution
everydayforforover100daysin2014.4:40NPR
Theamountofbenzopyrene[China]wasbreathing.is14times
thelegallimit.7:56NPR
JingwenttoalabinNASAsothatshecouldwitnesshowmuch
moreChinawaspollutingthantherestoftheworld.Whileshewas
there,sheaskedifshecouldbeputintoa,experimenttubethan
wasfilledwiththeaverageamountofpollutionthatChina
producedhowever,theleadscientistrefusedtoletherdothat
becauseitwastoodangerous.8:56NPR
Jingwasallowedtowatchalungsurgerytoremovecancerfroma
50yearoldwoman.Thiswomanhasneversmokedadayinher
lifeandtheinsideofherlungsareblackbecauseofallofthe
pollutionthatshehasbreathedinherentirelife.16:11NPR
PeopleinChinahaveonlyfoundoutaboutpollutiononlyafew
yearsagoaccordingtoNASArecordings,Chinahaddamaging
amountsofpollutionatleast10yearsbeforeanyoneinChinawas
informedofthehealthproblemsthatwerecausedfromit.17:46
NPR
In2013weburned3.6billiontons[ofcoal].25:11NPR
Inthenearfuture,Indiawillbetheworldssecondlargest
consumerofcoal.28:06NPR
380milliontonswasburntinBejing,Tianjin,andHebei.Ofthat
380milliontonswasburntinHebei.28:21NPR
Droneinspectionfailedduetointensesmog.29:36NPR
Breathetogetherandlivetogether.32:46NPR
Wewashlessthanhalfofourcoal.Theotherhalf,nearlyseveral
hundredmilliontonsofcoalcontainstheuseless,highlypolluting
andinefficientmaterialcalledash.35:41NPR
Theydontburnalotofcoal,only20%ofthecountrystotalbut
thesulfurdioxideemittedfromthisburningisequivalenttothe


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emissionsfromallthepowerplantstogether.36:09NPR
v. Burningscrapcoalmeansitnowhasoneofthehighestlung
cancerincidenceratesintheworld.36:44NPR
w. Thereareevenentirefamiliesthathavebeenwipedout[bylung
cancer].37:12NPR
x. Ifallscrapcoaliswashed,howwouldthataffectemissions?
38:07NPR
y. Ifallthesecars[inBejing]wereplacedendtoend,theywould
stretchfromBejingtoShenzhenandbackagain.39:23NPR
z. Oceangoingcargovesselscausesomuchpollutionthatwithin
400metersofthecoastemissionsfromshipsareequivalentto
emissionsfrom500,000trucks.58:13NPR
aa. Atsomeharbors,youcanevenpickgrainsofblackcarbonwith
yourhand.58:38NPR
bb. Whenaplanetakesoff,thatsonetonofkeroseneburnedand
whenitlands,thatsanotherton.58:43NPR

C. ThesisSupport#3
1. Insteadofbuyingitemsthatcanonlybeusedonceorthatcannotbe
recycledpeopleneedtomoreconsciousoftheenvironment.
a.
ReduceCanIuselessofwhatIalreadyhaveinstead?Reuse
IsthereanywaytoborroworretnwhatIwant?CanIbuyaused
orrefurbishedversionofthisproduct?RecycleDoIknow
someonewhocantrademesomethingIwantforsomethingIhave
thattheywant?(Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsen.P.
108109)
b. Ahalfdozenbargescarryingsmallmountainsofgoodscoal,
steel,motorcycles,giantmetalcontainerspushedupstream
againstfoothighwaves,eachpouringachimneyofsmokeintothe
smoggysky.(CraigSimmonsP.25)
c. Allaroundtheworldpeoplearebandingtogetherinthe
internationalcoalitionstostudy,reporton,andcombattheeffects
ofglobalwarmingandthenpeoplearetakingactionintheirown
backyards.Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.7
d. Tocutdownonplasticwasteitwouldbeadvisabletopurchasea
faucetfiltertheycanprovidethesamequalityofpurificationasa
bottleofwater.Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.19
e. .weredoingenoughreplanting,reforestation,andlandscape
restorationworldwidetoreducethetwentythreemillionacrenet


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lossto7.3millionacresperyear.Sivertsen,Linda,andTosh
SivertsenP.21
f. ....attheendoftheKoreanWarpeoplerealizedthatalmostallthe
treeshadbeencutdownandburnedforfuel.PresidentParkChung
Heelaunchedahugereforestationproject,mobilizingvillagesto
jointogetherascooperatives..Todaymorethan65percentof
SouthKoreaiscoveredinlushgreenforestsagain.Sivertsen,
Linda,andToshSivertsenP.22
g. ....theChinesegovernmentsMinistryofForestryhavestarted
buildingtheGreatGreenWallofChinatwentyeightthousand
milesofforestdesignedtohalttheadvanceofthedesert.
Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.24
h. Organicfoodsalesaregrowingeveryyearagoodsignthat
moreandmorepeopleunderstandtheimportanceofprotecting
theirbodiesandwildspacesbyusingsaferfarmingtechniques.
Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.48
i. Whenyoureforcedtodowithout,yourealizethatwaterisas
sacredasblood.Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.73
j. Ifitsyellow,letitmellowifitsbrown,flushitdown.
Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.76
k. ReduceCanIuselessofwhatIalreadyhaveinstead?ReuseIs
thereanywaytoborroworreusewhatIwant?CanIbuyausedor
refurbishedversionofthisproduct?RecycleDoIknowsomeone
whocantrademesomethingIwantforsomethingIhavethatthey
want?Sivertsen,Linda,andToshSivertsenP.108109
l. Citestolearnmoreaboutbeinggreen.Sivertsen,Linda,andTosh
SivertsenP.244248

D. Counterargument
a. Evidenceforthebuildupofheattrappingcarbondioxide
abounds:Thefivehottestconsecutiveyearswere1991to
19951998wasthehottestyearonrecordthedecadeofthe1990s
wasthehottestatleastthispastmillenniumandtheplanetis
heatingmorerapidlythanatanytimeinthelast10,000years.
Haley,James
RossGelbspanP.21
b. Greenpeaceisnolongerjustfocusingonsealpupsanddolphins,
andOzoneActionhasstoppedworryingaboutthestratospheric
ozonelayer.Globalwarmingisthenewcashcowforthese
organizations,andeveryonewantsapieceofit.
Haley,James
S.


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FredSingerP.29
c. Agriculture,forexample,canonlybenefitfrommorerainwith
fewerseverestorms,milderwinters,longergrowingseasons,and
higherlevelsofcarbondioxide.Andcontrarytotheconventional
wisdom,globalwarmingwouldnotspeedtheriseofsealevelbut
mightactuallyslowitdownbecauseincreasedevaporationfrom
theoceansleadstomoreprecipitationandincreasedice
accumulationinthepolarregions.
Haley,James
S.FredSingerP.
31
d. Overthelast700,00years,theclimatehasoperatesonarelatively
predictablescheduleof100,000yearglaciationcycles.Each
glaciationcycleistypicallycharacterizedby90,000yearsof
cooling,aniceage,followedbyanabruptwarmingperiod,called
aninterglacial,whichlasts10,00012,000year.Thelasticeage
reacheditscoolestpoint18,00020,000yearsagowhenthe
averagetemperaturewas912.6*Fcoolerthanpresent.Earthis
currentlyinawarminterglacialcalledtheHolocenethatbegan
10,700yearsago.
Haley,James
JohnCarlisleP.77
e. LeadingclimatescientistDr.HughEllaseseroftheLawrence
LivermoreNationalLaboratorysayswemaybeinforan
additional1.8*Fofwarmingoverthenextfewcenturies,
regardlessofMansactivities.Theresultwouldbewarmer
nighttimeandwintertemperatures,fewerfrostsandlonger
growingseasons.
Haley,James
JohnCarlisleP.80
f. AccordingtoRichardC.WillsonandHughHudson,theSun
exhibitedaremarkableirradianceexcessduring1980,ataboutthe
timeofthesunspotmaximumofsolarcycle21.
Haley,James
JohnL.DalyP.86
g. SincethecoolerSunwasclearlyresponsiblefortheLittleIceAge,
andtheDickensianWinters,thenthehotterSunofthelatterhalfof
the20thcenturywouldnaturallycreateawarmerclimate.
Haley,
James
JohnL.DalyP.86
h. Weveallreadtheglobalwarmingscarestories.Fortunately,
thereisnoreasonforalarm.
Haley,James
DennisT.AveryP.
112
2. Whiletheirpointsmayinthelongrunbecorrect,humansneedtodomore
toconserveresourcesandwildlife.Withoutnaturalresourcesalmostevery
luxuryhumansenjoywilldisappear.


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III. Conclusion
A. Withoutthecooperationofeveryonetohelptheenvironment,eventuallythere
willbenoenvironmenttoenjoyortoprovideresourcesandhumanitywillno
longerhavetheluxuriesthatitrevelsintoday.
B. TieThesistopicstogether
1. evaluatingwhatpollutionhasdestroyedsofar
2. howtochangetobemoregreen
3. usingdifferenttechniquestodecreasetheamountofresourcesusedevery
year.

C. Concludingthoughts
1. IfChinadoesnttakeamorepositiveposition,wemayaswelldo
nothing.Simons,CraigP.208
2. ....weneedtoact.Simons,CraigP.230