HOST DEFENCE

05/03/15

Randanan Bandaso
Dept of Pathology
Faculty of Medicine
Hasanuddin University

CURRICULUM VITAE

05/03/15

05/03/15

EDUCATION
Faculty

of Medicine Unhas 1969

MSc Mahidol University Bangkok 1975
Surgical Patology FK Unhas 1978
Forensic Patology FK Unhas 1988
Andrology Monash
University Melbourne Australia 1989
DFM Netherland 2001
Kursus Seksologi Dasar FK
Kursus Male Aging and Seksologi
FK Univ. Hang Tua Surabaya
Kursus Seksologi Tingkat Lanjut FK Univ
Udayana 2009

Univ.Udayana 2003

POSITION

05/03/15

Retired Professor Faculty of

Medicine Hasanuddin University

IF YOU PAY FULL ATTENTION

TO THIS LECTURE
80% YOU WILL PASS THE
EXAMINATION
WITHOUT STUDYING

05/03/15

COMMENTS ON
MY LECTURE
05/03/15

BAD
COMMENTS
05/03/15

10

SOME COMMENTS OF THE STUDENTS

IN THE SECOND SEMESTER Block 1, 2009
(Immunology)
Lack

of communication with students

Improve communication skills
Not so good explanation and
elaboration. Give some more examples.
Make it more interesting, speak clearly
Need to give the student understanding
on what he teaches.Dont teach to fast
because we us a student need
apropriate time to understand the topic
05/03/15

11

COMMENT OF THE STUDENT

IN THE SECOND SEMESTER Block 1 (Immunology)
Dont

to fast if talking and English bad.

The most important things is change the
illustration of the slide and put more
information about the subject in the slide
Use English and Indonesian it can help
No suggestion for the lecture except
please increase the quality of the
presentation and speaks English more
clear
05/03/15

12

GOOD COMMENTS

05/03/15

13

COMMENT OF THE STUDENT

IN THE SECOND SEMESTER Block 1 (Immunology)

Good

Lecture, explanation
complete.
Thank for teaching, like
Dr.Randanan as well, keep up a
good work doctor
Good explanation in lecture
I like the way he teaches us
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14

THE PURPOSE OF THIS LECTURE

AT THE END OF THIS LECTURE YOU

SHOULD UNDERSTAND:
THE MECHANISM OF HOST DEFENCE:
PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL,
REFLEX, IMMUNORESPONSE
HOMEOSTASIS.
DEFECT IN IMMUNO RESPONSE
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
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15

MAN
OBSERVED
RECOVERY FROM INFECTION
IMMUN

JENNER : VACCINATION OF SMALL FOX

SUCCESFULL APLICATION OF OBSERVATION
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16

JENNER TRY TO VACCINATE

WITH COWPOX VACCINE

AT FIRST A LOT

OF SKEPTISM
WIIL GROW HORNS ON THE HEAD OF
THE HUMAN
THE HUMAN WILL BE BELLOW
(MELENGUH)
STEP BY STEP YENNER STILL PROMOTE
HIS INVENTION
NOWDAYS SMALLPOX HAS BEEN
ERADICATED FROM THE WORD
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17

05/03/15

EDWARD JENNER BOOK (1798)

(THE FOUNDER OF THE VARIOLE VACCINE)

18

YENNER

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IS VERY MERITORIOUS
MAN
(BERJASA)

19

H0W ANIMAL
BECOMES IMMUNE
NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL

IMMUNOLOGY
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20

THE PIONEER
OF
IMMUNOLOGY
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21

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LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-1895= 73 THN)

(ATTENUATED VACCINE 1880)

22

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ELIE METCHNIKOFF (1845-1916 = 71 )

(PHAGOCYTOSIS, CELLULAR DEFENSE THEORY)

23

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ROBERT KOCH (1843-1910 = 67)

(THE FOUNDER OF THE CAUSES TUBERCULOSIS)

24

ALI

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SAMPARA

ABUBAKAR

THE FOUNDER OF IMMUNOLOGY

25

Holy Bible
Genesis 1: 26-27
26. Then God said, let us make man in
our image, according to Our
likeness,
27. So God created man in His own
Image; in the image of God. He
created him male and female. He
created them.
05/03/15

26

GOD
GOD
CREATED
MAN
IN HIS
IMAGE

GOD
MUST
THE
SAME
WITH
MAN

HAS TWO
EYES AND EARS
ONE NOSE

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NOT TRUE
27

WHAT DOES IT MEANS

THE MAN IS VERY PERFECT
COMPLETE AND SOPHISTICATED

MORE SOPHISTICATED
THEN THE MOST SOPHISTICATED COMPUTER
IN THE WORLD

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28

THE WORLD
FULL OF MICROORGASME

Because

BACTERIA,VIRUS, PARASITES

God created
Created
human-being
Very perfect
And
29

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INFECTION UNCOMMON
(?)

God gives
NATURAL RESISTENCE
ANATOMIC BARRIER
PHAGOCYTOSIS
COMPLEMENT

HOST DEFENCE

BACTERIA,VIRUS, PARASITES

LOCAL
SYSTEMIC
NONSPECIFIC
SPECIFIC

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HUMORAL
CELLULAR

30

HOST DEFENCE
LOCAL
SYSTEMIC

BACTERIA,VIRUS, PARASITES

NONSPECIFIC
SPECIFIC
HUMORAL
CELLULAR

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31

AGE

NUTRITIONAL

PSYCHOLOGICAL

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HORMONAL

THE INFLUENCES OF NATURAL RESISTENCE

32

HOST DEFENCE
SENSATION/REFLEX

PHYSICAL DEFENCE

HOMEOSTASIS

CHEMICAL DEFENSE

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IMMUNORESPONSE

33

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34

REFLEX AND SENSATION

MOSQUITO
FLY

FEELING

THE HAND
WILL FLAP
IT
PULL
HOT OR COLD
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TOUCH

35

HOMEOSTASIS

STABILIZATION
OF PHYSIOLOGICAL
CONDITION
IN
THE BODY

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FAIL OR EXCEED
DISEASES

36

HOMEOSTASIS
STABILIZATION OF INTERNAL ENVIROMENT IN THE BODY

ANY CHANGES STABILIZATION

THE BODY MAINTAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION

FAIL OR EXCESSIVE DISEASES

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37

HOMEOSTASIS FAILED
EAT TO MUCH

BLOOD PRESSURE
DROPS

BLOOD SUGAR
INCREASED

INCREASED ADRENALIN

INSULIN FAILED
TO INCREASE DM

FAILED BLOOD P DROPS

TO MUCH HYPERTE
NSION

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38

MECHANISM OF HOMEOSTASIS
AUTOREGULATION

HYPOXIA

SUBSTANCES

EXTRINSIC REGULATION

NERVE SYSTEM
OR ENDOCRIN SISTEM
THE BODY NEED OXIGEN
HEART BEAT INCREASE

THE BLOOD MORE LIQUID

BLOOD SUGAR
INCREASED
O2 MORE EASY COMES
THE CELL
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INREASE INSULIN
39

BLOOD PRESSURE

ADRENALIN

BLOOD FLOW

KIDNEY
TUMOR

BLOOD FLOW

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40

NON SPECIFIC IMMUNITY

BODY SURFACE

LOCAL
PRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL
ANTI MICROBES

DISCHARGE
MICROORGANISME
FROM THE BODY

BACTERIAL
INTERFERENCE
(Lactobacillius)

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41

HOW HUMAN BODY PROTECT ITSELF

RESP/DIGES
TRACT

BATHED A PROTECTIVE
FLOWING LAYER OF
MUCUS

TRAP,DISSOLVE AND
SWEEP AWAY
FOREIGN SUBSTANCES

05/03/15

SKIN

LACTIC ACID
OTHER SUBSTANCE
IN SWEAT

MAINTAIN ACIDIC pH
PREVENT COLONIZATION
OF BACTERIA

RELATIVELY STATIC IN TIME OF NEEDS CAN BE ENHANCED

42

NON SPECIFIC IMMUNITY

FIRST LINE

SCOND LINE

SKIN,
SKIN FAT,
NORMAL
FLORA OF THE SKIN,
HIGH TEMPERATURE,
MUCOUS, GASTRIC ACID
SALIVA, PERISTALTIC,
COUGH,
NORMAL FLORA OF
SKIN,COLON, VAGINA
AND MOUTH

MONOCYT
MACROPHAGE
GRANULOCYTE
NEUTROPHYL
EOSINOPHYL
BASOPHYL
TISSUE UNDER SKIN
TISSUE UNDER MUCOUS

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43

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44

EPITHELIAL CELLS
AS CENSOR TO
INFECTION OF
BACTERIA
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45

TO PRODUCE INFECTION
MICROORGANISME

TO PRODUCE
INFECTION SLIP TO THE BARRIER
OF SURFACE DEFENCES
THIKNESS OF EPITHELIAL IS
DIFFERENT
NONSPECIFIC

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46

HOST DEFENCE AGAINST ATTACHEMENT TO EPITHELIAL CELL

NORMAL MICROBIAL
FLORA,
LOCAL FACTOR:
FIBRONECTIN,
GLYCOPROTEIN
pH

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ANTIBODY ON MUCOUS
SURFACE Ig A
LACTOFERIN

47

bacteria
stimulate

epithel
cytokin

lymphocyte
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macrophage

48

CELLULAR SYSTEM OF
SYSTEMIC IMMUNITY

PROFESIONAL PHAGOCYTIC
PMN
MACROPHAGE

05/03/15

SOLDIERS

NONPROFESIONAL
PHAGOCYTIC
ENDOTHELIAL, EPITHELIAL,
FIBROBLAST

COMMON PEOPLE

49

SIGNIFICANCE OF EPITHELIAL
CELL PROLIFERATION

MICROBIAL ATTACHEMENT IS NOT NECESSARY

FOLLOWED BY CELL PENETRATION
M.PNEUMONIAE, C.DIPHTERIAE,
B.PERTUSSIS,V.CHOLERA SURFACE
SHIGELLA PENETRATE EPITHELIAL CELL
SALLMONELA PROCEED TO SYSTEMIC
INFECTION
INTRAEPITHELIAL PATHOGENS PROTECTECTED
FROM ANTIBODY, ANTIBIOTIC, AND INGESTION
AND KILLING BY PMN

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50

DIFFICULT TO
BE KILLED
BY MEDICINE
MACROPHAGE
SUPERFICIAL

INTRACELLULAR

PENETRATE EPITHELIAL

ENTER BLOOD VESSEL

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SYSTEMIC INFECTION

51

DISCHARGE MICROORGANISME FROM THE BODY

10 TRILIUN

MUCOCILIARY
ESCALATOR
OF RESPIRATORY
TRACT
OROPHARYNX
COUGH OR
SWALLOWED
DESQUAMATION
OF EPITHELIAL
CELL REMOVE LARGE
AMOUNT OF
05/03/15BACTERIAL

DEFECATION
ELIMINATE
10.000.000.000.000/DAY
URINATION ELIMINATE
BACTERIAL
COLONIZING IN URETHRAL
EPITHELIUM.
RETENTION OF URINE
ENHANCE
THE RISK OF INFECTION
SALIVATION,LACRIMATION,
SNEEZING
DISPLACE POTENTIALLY
INFECTIVE
MICROORGANISME 52

NORMAL MICROBIAL FLORA

(COMMENSALS)
BACTERIA, VIRUSES,FUNGI,PROTOZOA
LIVE ON OR WITHIN THE HUMAN HOST
BUT RARELY CAUSE DISEASE
OROPHARYNX: streptococci, neisseria,
Hemophylus, Bacteroides, spirochetes

SKIN: Staphylococci, Diphteroid

LARGE INTESTINE: Streptococci,
Enterococci, Clostridia,Lactobacili,
Enteric bacilli, Bacteroides

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VAGINA; Streptocci, Lactobacilli,

Bacteroides,Mycoplasma

53

Normal Flora

Pathogens

Difficult
To differentiate

NO SYMPHTOMS
AND
SIGNS

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SYMPHTOM AND SIGNS

OF INFECTION
COUGH AND FEVER
INFLAMMATORY CELL

54

OBLIGATE PATHOGEN

ISOLATION IS A DIAGNOSTIC
OF INFECTION

OPPURTUNISTIC INFECTION

INFECTION OCCUR
IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST

COLONIZATION

NOSOCOMIALLY
ACQUIRED
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THE SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN

THE COMMENSAL
DISTURBED
OVERGOWTH OF
EXOGENOUS BACTERIA

REPLACEMENT
OF NORMAL FLORA
IN THE HOSPITAL
55
RESISTENT TO MULTIPLE AB

INFLAMMATION
BLOOD

SUPPLY INCREASED
GLUCOSA
OKSIGEN
INCREASED IN CAPILLARY
PERMIABILITY
MIGRATION OF NEUTROPHYL,
MACROPHAGES, LYMPHOCYTE

05/03/15

56

INFLAMMATION
BLOOD SUPPLY INCREASED
GLUKOSA
OKSIGEN

MICROORGANISM

INCREASED
PERMIABILITY
MACROPHAGE
NEUTROPHYL
LYMPHOCYTE
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57

TUMOR
CALOR
RUBOR
DOLOR
FUNCTIO
LAESA

MUCUS IN CERVIX

LACTOBACILLUS
05/03/15

58

CONTROL OF INFLAMMATION
PRODUCTS

OF PLASMA ENZYMES

CYTOKINES
VASOACTIVE

MEDIATOR
MAST CELLS
BASOPHILS
PLATELETS

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59

MEDIATOR OF INFLAMATION(1)
HISTAMINE

MAST CELLS +
BASOPPHYL VASCULAR
PERMIABILITY, SMOOTH MUSCLE
CONTRACTION
SEROTONIN PLATLETS VASC
PERMIABILITY, SMOOTH MUSCLE
CONTRACTION

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60

MEDIATOR OF INFLAMATION (2)

IL8

LYMPHOCYTES MONOCYTE
LOCALIZATION
C3A COMPLEMENT C3 MAST
CELL DEGRANULATION + SMOOTH
MUSCLE CONTRACTION.
BRADYKININ KININ SYSTEM
VASODILATATION
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61

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62

KERATIN

MELANIN

COLOUR OF THE SKIN

PROTECT FROM SUN RAYS
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63

PHYSICAL DEFENCE BY HAIR

HAIR

EYEBROW

SWEAT AND
FOREIGN BODY

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PROTECT BODY FROM HOT

NOSE HAIR

INSECT AND DUST

64

PHYSICAL DEFENCE IN RESPIRATORY TRACT

A LOT OF CAPILLER IN NOSE

COVER BY TIGHT EPITHEL

GOBLET CELL PRODUCE MUCOUS
THE CILIA ESCALATES THE MICROBES
AND PARTICLES
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65

REFLEX DEFENCE IN RESPIRATORY TRACT

COUGH IRRIATATION
LARYNX, TRACHEA AND BRONCHI

SNEEZING
STIMULATION OF NOSE MUCOSA

LARYNGEAL SPASM
CHEMICAL, FOREING BODY, WATER
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66

IMMUNE RESPONSE IN RESPIRATORY TRACT

MUCOUS Ig A, PMN, SPESIFIC
ANTIBODY

ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE
CLEAN THE ALVEOLI
FROM MICROBES
AND FOREIGN BODY

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70

THE MICROBES ENTER THE BODY THROUGH

THE SKIN

Acid pH and normal flora of the skin,

non saturated fatty acid

Intact skin
Tissue fluid Lyzosome

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Phagocytosis and inflammations

71

THE MICROBES ENTER THE BODY THROUGH

THE RESPIRATORY TRACT

HAIR OF THE NOSE,HOT TEMPERATURE

IN THE NOSE, SNEEZING,epiglottis

MUCUS AND CILIA, COUGH

Tissue fluid Lyzosome

Phagocytosis and inflammations

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72

THE MICROBES ENTER THE BODY THROUGH

THE DiGISTIVE TRACT

SALIVA
MUCUS AND GASRIC JUICE

DEFECATION

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73

URINATION

10 TRILIUN BACTERI
MORE THAN BANK
CENTURY MONEY

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74

MUCUS IN CERVIX

LACTOBACILLUS
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75

TAKE A REST
ASK QUESTION
AND TALK TO YOUR
NEIGHBORS

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76

SUMMARY
OF
NONSPECIFIC RESISTENCE

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77

MECHANICAL FACTOR OF
NON SPECIFIC RESISTENCE 1
INTACT SKIN

Form a physical barries to the entrance

of microbes

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

Inhibit the entrance of many microbes, but not

as effective as intact skin

MUCOUS

Traps microbes in respiratory and digestive tract

CILIA
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Together with mucous traps and remove microbe

And dust from upper respiratory tract
78

ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCE OF
NON SPECIFIC RESISTENCE
INTERFERRON (IFN)

Protect uninfected host cell from viral infections

COMPLEMENT

Caused lysis of microbes,promotes phagocytosis

Contributes to inflamations, serve us chemotactic
agent

PROPERDIN
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Work with complement to bring about

same responses as complement.
79

OTHERS
NON SPECIFIC RESISTENCE
PHAGOCYTOSIS

Ingestion and destruction of foreign particulate

matter by macrophage and microphage

INFLAMMATIONS

Confine and destroy microbes and repair tissue

FEVER
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Inhibit microbial growth and speed up body

reactions and repair.
80

CHEMICAL FACTOR OF
NON SPECIFIC RESISTENCE 1
GASTRIC JUICE

Destroy bacteria and

most toxins in stomach

ACID pH OF SKIN

Discourage growth of many microbes

LYZOZYMES

Antimicrobial substance in perpiration, tears,

Saliva, nasal secretions and tissue fluid

URINE
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Wash microbes from urethra

81

MECHANICAL FACTOR OF
NON SPECIFIC RESISTENCE 2
LACRIMAL
APPARATUS

Tear dilute and wash away irritating substances

And microbes

SALIVA

Washes microbes from surface of teeth and

Mucous membrane of mouth

EPIGLOTTIS

Prevent microbes and dust

from entering trachea

FAECES

DISCARD MICROORGANISME

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82

SPECIFIC IMMUNITY TO INFECTION

HUMORAL
IMMUNORESPONSE

CELL MEDIATED
IMMUNERESPONSE

KEY AND HOLE

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83

ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
ACTIVE

INFECTION

VACCINATION

CLINICAL

SUBCLINICAL

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PASSIVE

TRANSPLACEN/
COLOSTRUM

ADMINISTRATION
OF IMMUNE SERUM

84

IMMUN
MOTHER
IMMUN MOTHER

FOETUS

IMMUN

FOETUS
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85

PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION

HORSE

TAKE THE SERUM

MAN

IMMUN

TETANUS
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SUFFER TETANUS
86

Cow Cowpox

Human Small Pox

MILKER

DONOT SUFFER SMALLPOX

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EPIDEMIOLOGI OF SMALL POX

87

INFECTION

IMMUNITY

INSEPERABLE
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88

DEFECT IN IMMUNE RESPONSE

CONGENITAL

DEFICIENT
T CELL
B CELL
B&T CELL
COMPLEMET
PHAGOCYTOSIS
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ACQUIRED

AIDS
AGING
MALNUTRITION
KIDNEY DISEASE
IMMUNOSUPRESSIVE
RADIATION

89

SUMMARY (1)
THE

BODY IS VERY COMPLEX AND

SOPHISTICATED.
HOST DEFENCE IS VERY IMPORTANT
TO SURVIVE
HOST DEFENCE CAN BE PHYSICAL,
CHEMICAL, REFLECS,
BACTERIOLOCIGAL
NON SPECIFIC OR SPECIFIC
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90

SUMMARY (2)
SOME

FACTORS INFLUENCES THE

HOST DEFENCE
IMMUNE RESPONSE CAN BE
DEFICENT CONGENITALLY OR
ACQUIRED
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY CAN BE ACTIVE
OR PASSIVE.
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93