Chapter 3 Excretion

3.1 Human Excretion

1. The elimination of the metabolic waste products from the body is called
.. This is done by the excretory organs.
2. Defecation is . excretion because faeces contain undigested food
which has not been ..into the cells or taken part in
metabolism.
3. There are few parts of our body carried out the excretion process.
a) Kidney
- Kidneys are the ..in the excretory system.
- Kidneys the blood and produce
- Urine is a yellowish liquid that contains ,
.. and .
b) Skin
- Skin has many which can produce sweat
when the body is hot.
- The sweat gland leads to a .. which opens
on the skin surface as a ..
- Sweat is extracted from the ..
surrounding the sweat glands.
- Sweat contains ..,
and
c) Lungs
- During cell respiration, the cells produce ..
and .. as waste products.
- Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood capillaries into the

- Carbon dioxide and water vapour are .. from lungs

by
4. The importance of excretion
a. Disposal of .. or .. wastes (exp: CO 2,
urea)
b. Disposal of (exp: salts, water)
5. Not all mammals sweat. For example: dogs, have sweat glands only on the
.. of their paws and they cool themselves mainly by

Structure of human skin

3.2The Urinary System in the Human Beings

The kidney
1. kidneys are the main excretory organs in our body.
2. The structure of kidneys is a pair of red-brown, bean-shaped organs. Each
kidney is about the size of a
3. The kidneys are covered and protected by thick layer of ..
4. A longitudinal section of the kidney shows that it is divided into
region. The dark red outer region is called . and the pale-red
inner region is called .
5. Each medulla is filled with cone-shaped tissues called
6. The apices of the pyramids open into a funnel shaped cavity called
The pelvis drains urine into the
7. Each human kidney has at least one million tiny blood filters.
. is formed within these tiny blood filters.
8. The functions of kidneys are:
a. Remove .such as urea
along with excess water and mineral salts in the form of urine.
b. Keep the .. and in our
body in balance.
c. Control the amount of .. in the body fluid.
d.