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Joints, Tendons and Ligaments
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Learning objectives
Learning objectives
What we will learn in this presentation:
What joints are
Classifying joints as fixed, slightly moveable and
freely moveable
The 3 types of connective tissue and their functions
The different types of synovial joint and how they
are used in various sporting movements
The structure of different joints
Analysing joint functions in different movements
How joints and flexibility are effected by physical
activity and age.
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Synovial
membrane
Knee
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Connective tissues
Connective tissues are vital to the functioning of joints.
There are 3 types of connective tissue:
Tendons connect
muscles to bones.
Ligaments are
tough, elastic
fibres that link
bones to bones.
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Synovial
fluid
Femur
Tibia
Synovial
membrane
Joint capsule
Hip
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Atlas
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Elbow
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Tasks
Working with a partner:
Take it in turns to demonstrate a simple sporting
movement, for example performing a biceps curl or
taking a step forward.
Together, analyse the movement and decide what
types of movement are occurring at each joint.
Now take it in turns to name a joint. Ask your
partner to demonstrate and name all of the
movements possible at that joint.
For example, the hinge joint at the elbow shows
flexion, extension and slight rotation.
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Patella
Cruciate
ligament
Tibia
Ligaments
Ulna
Pelvis
Femur
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Scapula
Humerus
Sacro-iliac joint
The sacro-iliac joint is
ilium
an example of a
synovial joint, that
allows little
sacro-iliac
movement.
It allows slight
rotation of the sacrum
against the hip bones
(ilium).
joint
sacrum
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EMPICS Ltd
Joint movement
Joints enable us to make an extremely wide range of
movements under our conscious control.
The different types of joints allow us to move in many
different ways and to perform many different actions.
Consider this dancer.
The hinge joints at her
elbows and her right knee
are extended.
Her left knee is flexed.
There is abduction at her
shoulders and right hip.
The spine shows extension
as the head moves back.
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Sporting movement
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EMPICS Ltd
Joints in action
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Exam-style questions
1. This diagram shows a cross
section of the knee.
a) Name bones a, b and c.
b
a
b) Name substance d.
c) List the types of movement
possible at the knee.
d
c
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