Isaza Consulting

Technical Memorandum
Project
:

Client:

1.

Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces for the City of Gumby,

Ontario
Ian D. Smith, Director of Landfill
Operations
Town of Gumby
Prepared By: Margarita
Municipal Offices
Isaza
2269 Niagara Rd.
Gumby, Ontario
Canada
L0S E1O

Subject
:

Solid Waste Landfill Analysis

Date:

13 May, 2015

GISC9312 Deliverable 2

Introduction
The Municipality of Gumpy, Ontario is interested in analysing the current
status of the waste landfill located at 245 Gumpy Road, Gumpy, Ontario. The
analysis should determine the reminding waste allowed in this landfill to
reach the maximum allowed elevation profile authorized by the Ontario
Ministry of Environment (MOE), known as final contours.
To undertake this analysis the following files are provided for the
municipality:
GPS existing.shp Existing landfill

MOE final contours.shp Final allowed landfill contours Approval

landfill
landfill footprint.shp Boundary area licensed by the MOE

The following deliverable maps are included as part of the landfill analysis
that has been conducted:
Existing landfill surface
Maximum allowed landfill surface
14 Colonel Lyall St., St. Catharines, Ontario L2P 0B3
Ph: (905) 359 -7434 Fax: (905) 359 -7434
www.isazaconsulting.com

Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

2.

Remaining depth of landfill in a 1m2 grid (differential)

Methodology
2.1.

Existing Landfill and Maximum Allowed Landfill

GPS existing.shp Existing landfill and MOE final contours.shp Final

allowed landfill contours are clipped to the landfill footprint.shp
(boundary area) using a Clip Analysis tool from A Geographic Information
System (ESRIs ArcGIS). After this, two Triangular Irregular Networks
(TIN) are created using these two clipped files as inputs respectively.
TINs are also geo-referenced to NAD1983, UTM17N.
TIN were converted to raster, with grid size of 1m2 and Z value was used
on the elevation for each cell. This was accomplished by using ArcGIS, 3D
Analyst Extension, convert TIN to Raster tool. These two rasters
represent Existing landfill surface and the Maximum allowed landfill
surface and are shown in Figure1 and Figure 2.

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

Figure 1: Exiting Landfill, Municipally of Gumby, Ontario

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

Figure 2: Maximum Allowed Landfill, Municipally of Gumby, Ontario

These two surfaces are limited to the area licensed by the MOE, the
study area represented by the red polygon surrounding these figures,
Figure 1 and Figure2.

2.2.

Remaining Depth of Landfill

The two raster obtained in the previous section, Existing Landfill and
Maximum Allowed Landfill, Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively were used
as inputs for the Raster Calculator feature of the Spatial Analyst
Extension for ArcGIS, to subtract the existing raster from the final
contours raster. The result is a new raster called Calculation. This
Calculation raster has been reclassified to Z intervals of 1 metre and
raster symbology is also changed to grades of red and grades of blue to
represent the differential elevation, see Figure 3.

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

Figure 3: Remaining Depth of Landfill, Municipally of Gumby, Ontario

Grades of red were used to represent areas (raster cells) above the
allowable final elevation. Cells that are zero or greater are presented in
shades of blue.
The previous calculated raster, Figure 3 is dropped over the existing TIN
to demonstrate the areas of the landfill that the municipality need to cut
back and the areas that remaining available for further landfilling. This
was accomplish using ArcGis, ArcScene. The result is presented in Figure
4

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

Figure 4: Remaining Depth of Landfill 3D view, exported to 2D, Municipally of

Gumby, Ontario

The Cut Fill tool from 3D Analyst Extension, ArcGIS was used to
determine the amount of remaining fill volume between the existing
landfill surface and the final allowed landfill surface. This permitted
calculate how much waste the municipality can place in this landfill
before it reaches capacity and it is calculated in the filed Sum shown in
Figure 5

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

Figure 5: Statistics from Cut Fill tool, ArcGIS. The Sum field represent the total
remaining fill volume

Total remaining fill volume (TRFV) = 125,921.14 m3.

3. Discussions of Findings
In the previous section, Figure 5, the total remaining fill volume (TRFV) was
obtained as follows:
Total remaining fill volume (TRFV) = 125,921.14 m3.
This data in addition to the waste generation information provided for the
Town of Gumby is used to complement this analysis as follows:
The number of households serviced by the landfill is 10,200 and it is
expected that the landfill will continue to service the same amount of
households for the near future. The mean occupancy rate is 2.5 persons
per household according with 2001 and 2011 census, Statistics Canada.
Table 1 Actual Waste Landfilled per Capita also provided for the Town of
Gumby was analysed. The waste generation rate has dropped from 0.65
to 0.31 in the last 14 years as a result of waste management campaigns.
The waste rate has been remaining steady in a range of 0.30 and 0.31 in
the last past 7 years. Table 1, below, details the waste generation rate for
landfilling over this period:

Table 1 Actual Waste Landfilled per Capita

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

Year

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

Waste Generation Rate (To Landfill)

Tonnes/Capita/Year

0.65
0.6
0.49
0.44
0.4
0.35
0.33
0.31
0.31
0.3
0.31
0.3
0.3
0.31

A final compaction rates of 0.6 tonnes per m3 is also provided for the City.

Number of Years to reach the maximum allowed landfill =

Total remaining fill volume (TRFV) * Final compaction rate / Number of
households * mean occupancy rate*Waste generation rate
Number of Years to reach the maximum allowed landfill =
125,921.14*0.6/10200*2.5*0.31 = 9.56 years
Number of Years to reach the maximum allowed landfill = 9.56 years
This means that in 9.56 years the solid waste landfill of the city of Gumby
will reach its maximum allowed landfill.

4. Conclusions and Recommendations

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Technical Memorandum Solid Waste Landfill Analysis for the City of Gumby, Ontario
Raster Based Analysis of Terrain Surfaces13 May 2015

As a result of this analysis it is estimated that in 9.56 years the solid waste
landfill of the city of Gumby will reach its maximum allowed landfill. The
total remaining fill volume (TRFV) is 125,921.14 m3
It is important to use this period of time as a parameter to consider looking
for other alternatives of waste management for the City in advance.
This analysis should also be used to determine the areas where is necessary
to reposition waste, areas that where the maximum elevation allowed was
exceeded as showed with grades of reds on Figure 3 and Figure 4.

5. Bibliography
ArcGIS Resources, http://resources.arcgis.com/en/home/
Smith, I (2015), GIS Applications, Deliverable 2

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