aa { SINGAPORE STANDARD CP 63 : 1996(2005) (ICS 53.020.20; 53.020.30) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR The lifting of persons in work platforms suspended from cranes Published by ‘SPRING Singapore 2 Bukit Merah Central ‘Singapore 159835 ‘ SPRING Singapore Website: www.spring.gov.sg Standards Website: www.standards.org.sg 13 OCT 206Al = 2. 2 a ee, SINGAPORE STANDARD CP 63 : 1996(2005) (ICS 53.020.20; 53.020.30) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR The lifting of persons in work platforms suspended from cranes All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this Singapore ‘Standard may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilming, without permission in writing from the SPRING Singapore at the address below: Head Standardisation Department SPRING Singapore 2 Bukit Merah Central ‘Singapore 159835 Telephone: 62786666 Telefax: 62786667 Email: stn@spring.gov.sg ISBN 9971-67-570-6| CP 63: 1996 This Singapore Standard having been approved by the Industrial Safety Standards Committee was endorsed by the Standards Gouncil on 22 November 1996. First published, 1997 ‘The Industrial Safety Standards Committee appointed by the Standards Council consists ofthe following members: Name Chairman = Secretary Members, Mr Tan Pui Guan Ms Christina Choong Mr Cheah It Cheng Mr Chow Yew Seng Mr William Goh Mr Ho Heng Huat Dr Samuel Lim Assoc Prof M Rahman Mr Tan Cheok Kwang Mr Yeo Boey Chua Organisation Standards Council Singapore Productivity and Standards Board Institution of Engineers, Singapore Singapore Contractors Association Limited ‘Singapore Confederation of industries Singapore institute of Safety Officers Nanyang Technological University ~~ National University of Singapore Association of Consulting Engineers, Singapore ‘Association of Singapore Marine Industries ‘The Technical Committee appointed by the Industrial Safety Standards Committee and responsible for the preparation of this Code consists of representatives from the following organisations: Name ‘Mr Woo Boon Hwee Mr Loke Seck Kar Mr Chia Mui Hing Secretary = Members“: Mr Han Ah Lai Mr Ho Siong Hin ‘Mr Anthony Ng Dr Tay Cho Jui ‘Assoc Prof Yeong Hin Yuen Organisation Association of Singapore Marine Industries ‘Singapore Productivity and Standards Board Construction Industry Training Institute, Construction industry Development Board National Parks Board Department of industrial Safety, Ministry of Labour Singapore Contractors Association Limited National University of Singapore Nanyang Technological UniversityCP 63: 1996 CONTENTS Page Foreword cs - 7 + + : - : 7 4 CODE OF PRACTICE 4. Scopeepdgmerh =~ tt 5 4 2 Definitions - - - - - - - 5 | 8 Requirements - : : - - - : : 6 : 4 Identification and markings =~ - - : - - 6 ' 5. Design and construction of the work platform = - - 7 - 6 : 6 — Useofworkplatioms = = 8 | 7. Inspectionandtesing- = 1 APPENDICES A. Certificate of test/thorough visual examination of iting equipment [Sample of FORM B : MOL (DIS) 005-10/90] (Front) 7 12 B. Certificate of test/thorough visual examination of lifting equipment [Sample of FORM B : MOL (DIS) 005-10/90] (Back) - 13 ] | ) TABLE 1 ‘Standard lengths and minimum weights of a long work platform - - 8 1 FIGURES | 1. Configuration of a typical long work platform =~ - - - 4 \ 2 Danger zone for cranes and ifted toads operating in proximiios i of overhead power cables - - 15 J i i 3CP 63: 1996 ‘SINGAPORE STANDARD CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ‘THE LIFTING OF PERSONS IN WORK PLATFORMS SUSPENDED FROM CRANES FOREWORD This Code was prepared by the Technical Committee on The Lifting of Persons in Work Platforms Suspended from Cranes under the direction of the Industrial Safety Standards Committee. The preparation of this Code was prompted by the fact that lifting of persons in buckets, cages and lifting platforms is being practised in Singapore mainly in the construction, shipbuilding and shiprepairing industries. Besides, local contractors have often used this method to lift persons for installation and maintenance purposes. Its our aim thet this Code will provide the safety guidelines and create the awareness amongst users so as to avoid unnecessary risks and costly accidents to life and properties. In preparing this Code, reference was made to the following publications: (@) The Factories Act; (b) The Building Operations and Works of Engineering Construction (Regulations) 1990; (©) The Factories (Shipbuilding and Shiprepairing) Regulations 1994; (@) ANSI A10.28 : 1990 Safety requirements for work platforms suspended from cranes ‘or derricks for construction and demolition operations; (©) ANSI/ASME B90.5b: 1990 Mobile and locomotive cranes, ) AS 2550 Cranes - Safe use Part 1 : 1993 - General requireme: (@) S$ ISO 1000 : 1992 SI units and recommendations for the use of thelr multiples and of certain other units (h) Interpretations to OSHA Instruction Standard 1-11.28, 8 Aug 1983 - Work platforms suspended from lattice or hydraulic crane booms; and (Federal Register: Part Vi, Department of Labour; OSHA, 29 CFR Part 1926, 17 Feb 1984 = Crane or derrick for suspended personne! platforms; proposed rule. ‘Acknowledgement is made for the use of information from the above publications. Singapore Standards are subjected to periodical review to keep abreast of technological changes and new technical developments. The revisions of Singapore Standards are announced through the issue of either amendment slips or revised editions. Compliance with a Singapore Standard does not exempt users from legal obligations. 4| | Cb CP 63: 1996 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 Scope. This Code shall apply to the design, construction, installation and use of work platforms suspended from cranes. Work platforms which are attached to and form an integral part of ‘a crane are excluded from this Code. Universal piling-rigs, mobile cranes operating on-board barges ‘and floating cranes are disallowed from lifting persons in suspended work platforms. 4.2 Purpose. Lifting of persons on platforms suspended from the load lines of cranes and the use of such platformS as a workplace are not permitted under normal circumstances. Such practices are not recommended but are only deployed if there are no other practical alternatives or if other means are more hazardous. The purpose of this Code is to set out the basic requirements for the design, construction, installation, inspection and use of work platforms suspended from cranes. Note. A work platform with personnel on-board shall not be suspended from two or more cranes. 2 DEFINITIONS 21 Antitwo-blocking device. A positive acting device which prevents contact between the load block (er fall ball) and the boom tip. 22 Approved Person. Any person who is approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories by a certificate in writing for the purposes of carrying out examinations and tests of statutory lifting equipment, lifting gears, fifting machines, lifting appliances, fifts and hoists as defined under the Factories Act Cap. 104. 23 Competent Person. Any person who is competent by education, training and experience on the safety and operation aspeets of cranes. 24 Crane. A machine incorporating an elevated structural member or jib beneath which ‘suspended loads can be moved vertically (whether upwards or downwards) or horizontally or both, either by slewing the machine, dericking the jib or any other means not solely involving a travelling ‘motion of the crane. 25 Headroom. Unhindered floor-to-roof space within a work platform. 26 Lifting Gear. Includes chains, ropes, chain slings, rope slings, tings, hooks, shackles, swivels ‘or eyebolts as per general interpretation of the Factories Act Cap. 104 (Section 7). 2.7 Lifting Supervisor. A competent person whose appointment and duties are defined under Regulation No. 7 of ‘The Factories (Crane Drivers and Operators) Regulations 1993'. 28 Professional Engineer. Any person registered with the Professional Engineers Board of ‘Singapore and who has a valid Practising Certificate authorising him/her to engage in such professional ‘engineering works. 29 Qualified Welder. A welder who has demonstrated his ability to produce welds meeting the requirements of this Code. 2.10 Work Platform. A platform designed specifically for the carrying of personnel while it is being suspended from the load line of a crane.cP 63 : 1996 3. REQUIREMENTS. 3.1 Classification. Work platform used for carrying person(s) while itis being suspended from the {oad line of a crane is classified by the Department of Industrial Safety (DIS) as a lifting gear under the Factories Act Cap. 104. 3.2 General Requirements. The use of personnel platform is therefore regulated under Section 30 of the Factories Act. Basically the Act requires the platform be of good construction, sound and ‘suitable material, adequate strength, and free from patent defect, and is properly maintained. 33 Inspection. The Act requires the platform to be tested and examined by or on behalf of the manufacturer or by an approved person before use. The platform must also be examined and tested by an approved person at least once in every period of 6 months during use. 2.4 Certification. The platform must possess a certificate issued by the Approved Person examining the platform. The certificate shall specify the maximum safe working load the platform is allowed to carry. The registration number shall also be recorded on the cerificate for identification (see Appendices A and B for the format of the certificate). 3.5 Other Requirements. The other requirements can be found in the Factories Act. 4. IDENTIFICATION AND MARKINGS 4.1 Identification. All work platforms rhust have an identification number. This number shall be the registration number as indicated on the certificate issued by the Approved Person (see Subctause 3.4) 42 Markings 4.2.4 Every platform must have the following markings on it: (@) Identification number, (b)” Safe working load; (€) The maximum number of workers allowed on the platform at any one time; and (@) The total weight of the platform. 4.2.2 The markings must be painted in large bold letterings located on the outside of the platform ‘such that they are visible and legible from a distance of at least 10 m. 5. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE WORK PLATFORM 8.1 General. The platform shall be designed by a professional engineer in the structural or mechanical discipline. 5.2 Material 5.2.1. Only material of sufficient strength and ductiity that is suitable for such use is allowed for the construction of the platform and its attachments. Brittle material such as cast iron is strictly prohibited. 5.22 The platform shall be painted or marked by high visibility colour such that they are easily noticeable.CP 63 : 1996 5.3 Design Safety Factor 5.3.1. The whole structure of the platform shall be designed with a minimum safety factor of five (6). 5.3.2 Every iting gear used for the suspension system and the attachments including shackles, wire rope slings etc shall be designed with a minimum safety factor of eight (€). 8.4 Shape, Minimum Width And Weight Of The Work Platform 5.4.1. The work platform shall have a minimum width of 635 mm but not more than 750 mm. Its length shall not exceed 3200 mm. 6.42 The platform shall have a minimum weight of 150 kg and meet the requirements of ‘Subclause 5.6. The minimum weight of a long platform shall be as that set out in Table 1. 5.5 Safe Working Load 5.5.1 The maximum safe working load shall be the maximum allowable combined loads comprising the weight of personnel on the platform and the weight of materials carried on the platform. 5.8.2 The number of personne! allowed on the platiorm shall be kept to a minimum and in no case shall the number exceed two (2). 5.5.3 Personnel using the platform shall be considered as weighing 100 kg (including tools) each. 8.6 Handrails And Overhead Protection 5.6.1 A handrail of substantial construction shall be provided inside the platform. 5.62 The handrail system shall withstand a load of at least 90 kg applied in any direction. 5.6.3. The sides of the platform shall be enclosed from the platform floor to a height of at least 1100 mm. Such enclosure shall be of either solid construction or metal with perforated openings not greater than 12 mm. 5.6.4 The platform shall have overhead protection when workers on the platform are exposed to hazards arising from falling objects. 5.6.5 There shall be a minimum headroom space of 1800 mm for personnel on the platform. 5.6.6 _{f access doors are installed, they shall open only to the interior of the platform. Access doors shall be equipped with a device to restrain the door from inadvertent opening. 5.6.7 _ All rough edges exposed to contact by personnel on the platform shall be ground smooth. 5.6.8 All welding shall be performed by qualified welder. 5.7 Suspension System 5.7.1. The suspension system shail include all attachments connected to the platform such that ft shall be so designed that when connected or assembled no part can become accidentally detached.CP 63 : 1996 5.7.2 All attachment points of the suspension system shall be at least 1800 mm from the floor of the platform to ensure stability and to provide sufficient headroom so as to keep personnel inside the platform. 5.7.3. The suspension system shall be designed such that titing of the platform due to the movement of personnel on the platform is minimal. 5.7.4 A suspension system which suspension points are fixed at four comers of the platform and is, of similar design to Figure 1 shall have a maximum span of 3200 mm with a sling angle (8) of more ‘than or equal to 45° but less than or equal to 60°, It shall satisfy the requirements of Table 1. This is to prevent the platform from toppling when there is a'sudden shift of loading to one end. Table 1. Standard lengths and minimum weights of a tong work platform S/No | Length of platform (mm) _| Min. weight of platiorm (kg) 1 3200 450 2 2400 300 3 1600 200 4 800 150 5.7.5 The platform shall be attached to the load line of the crane by means of, but not limited to, a shackle, hook (atched), or wedge and socket arrangement. A wedge and socket attachment shall have clip on the free end of the load line. 5.7.6 When a wire rope bridle is used to connect the work platform to the load line, the bridle legs shall be connected to a single ring or shackle for attachment to the hook. 5.7.7 All eyes in wire rope slings shall be fabricated with thimbles. 5.7.8 _Allifting gears used for the suspension system shall be painted or marked such that they can be distinguished from other liting gears used for other liting operations. 6 USE OF WORK PLATFORMS 61 Operational Condition 6.1.1. The crane intended to be used for the lifting of work platform must be subjected to a thorough examination and certified fit for use by an Approved Person not more than 6 months prior to the fit. The crane must also be checked by a competent person and found to be free from any defect or missing safety devices just before any lift. 6.1.2 _Lifting and lowering speed shall nat exceed 0.5 m/s. The crane must be operated with caution such that when slewing at a slow speed, the suspended platform will not sway excessively. 6.1.3. The load line hoist drum shall have controlled load lowering. Free falling is prohibited. 6.1.4 Load and boom hoist drum brakes, slewing brakes, and locking devices such as safety pawis, as equipped shall be engaged when the platform is in a stationary working position with personnel working on it.CP 63 : 1996 6.4.5 The use of crane with boom downwards derricking controlled by brakes without aid from other retarding devices is prohibited. 6.1.6 The crane shall be uniformly level within 1% of level grade and located on firm footing. Crane outriggers, if required, shall be fully extended. 6.1.7 The total weight of the loaded platform (ie. the weight of the platform plus the rated maximum safe working load of the platform) shall not exceed 50% of the rated capacity for the radius and configuration of the crane. 6.1.8 The crane should not be operated under wind conditions that will affect the safe operations of the crane. It should also not be operated in inclement weather or when there is insufficient light for safe ‘operation. 6.1.9 Personne! working on the platform shall keep every part of their bodies inside the platform during raising, lowering, and positioning. 6.1.10 If the platform is not landed, it shall be secured to a structure or held stationary before employees exit or enter the platform. 6.1.11 Tag lines shall be used where practical. 6.1.12 Hoisting of personne! while the crane is travelling is prohibited. 6.1.13 The crane operator shall remain at the controls at all times when the platform with personnel on itis being suspended from the load line of the crane. 6.1.14 The platform shall be hoisted a few centimetres above the ground and inspected to ensure that itis secure and properly balanced before personnel are allowed on the platform. 6.1.15 Atleast one signalman must be provided for the crane operator who shail receive instructions ‘from one signalman at any one time. 6.1.16 The lifting supervisor shall as far as possible be in olose sight with the work platform. However, it t is not possible, the lifting supervisor shall appoint another person who shall be in close sight of the ‘work platform and be able to assist him in the lifting operation through direct communication. 62 Safety Devices On The Crane 6.2.1 A boom angle indicator shall be installed on a crane. It shall be located such that it is readily Visible to the operator. 6.2.2 Telescopic booms shall be equipped with an accurate boom length indicator which shall have the display located in the operator's cabin. The use of markings on the boom to indicate boom length is not permitted. 6.2.3 The crane must be equipped with a safe load indicator which shall provide information on the safe working load at that particular working radius and a overtoading safety device shall be incorporated. 6.2.4 Anoverhoist cut off limit switch (or antitwo-blocking device) shall be installed on the crane. 6.2.5 Safety latch must be installed on the hook suspending the platform.CP 63 : 1996 6.3 Loading On The Platform 6.3.1 The safe working load of the platform shall not be exceeded. 63.2 The number of personnel on the platform shall not exceed the number required for the intended work and under no circumstances shall the number exceed two (2). 6.3.3. The platform shall be used only by personnel required and their tools together with sufficient materials to do the work. 6.3.4 Materials on the platform shall be secured and evenly distributed while the platform is in motion. 6.4 Provisions Of Safety Betts And Helmets 6.4.1 Every personnel engaged to work on the platform shall be provided with a safety belt and industrial safety helmet. 442 Suitable anchorage points shall be provided on the platform for the anchoring of the safety belts. 6.5 Provisions For Lifting Supervisor 6.5.1. All works requiring the use of work platform suspended from crane shall be closely supervised by a lifting supervisor. 6.5.2 The lifting supervisor shall be a responsible person appointed by the management pursuant to the Factories (Crane Drivers and Operators) Regulations specifically for the safe supervision of the job, and must have the necessary experience and training. 65.3 The lifting supervisor shall ensure all the requirements laid down in this Code are complied with before authorising the lifting of personnel on the platform to begin. 65.4 The lifting supervisor shall direct the whole lifting operation and shall be the signalman for the crane operator. He shall be within sight of the crane operator. \6.5.5 Communication between the crane operator, liting supervisor and the personnel in the work ) platform shall be maintained throughout the lifting operation. 66 Special Provisions 6.6.1 Working over waterline 66.1.1 When a work platform is suspended over the waterline and the crane is operating on land, or mounted on a floating dock or rig, the following shall apply: (@) The crane and the vessel on which it is operating must be properly anchored. (e) ‘Apart from the requirements described in Subciause 6.1, at least two (2) tagtines must be attached to the work platform which shall be maintained in its steady position by signaimen. (©) Except for those operating from shore, life-jackets are to be worn by all personnel involved in the operation. (@) The operation is restricted to fixed-jib cranes only. 10CP 63: 1996 6.6.2 Working in proximities of overhead power cables 6.62.1 Cranes shall not be operated such that any part of the crane or load may enter into the danger zone shown in Figure 2. 662.2 When operating a crane in close proximities of overhead power cables, the following precautions shall be observed by the operator and other persons working with the crane: (@) Consider all such conductors to be live. (>) Where necessary, provide ground barriers and durable signs to wam other personnel. (©). Use non-conducting taglines when these are required. (@) Caution shall be exercised when working near overhead lines because they can move horizontally or vertically due to wind, moving the danger zone to new positions. contact with any part (© _ Donotallow any person, other than the crane operator, to be it ‘once the lift has of the crane or the load, except with a non-conducting tac (© Ensure appropriate earthing systems are fitted and in contact with the ground. @ Lifting at night is prohibited. 7. INSPECTION AND TESTING 7. Thorough Visual Examination 7.1.4. The work platform including its suspension system must be thoroughly examined and tested by an Approved Person at least once in every period of 6 months. 7.4.2 The work platform and lifting gear must be inspected by the lifting supervisor before the beginning of each lift. 7.2 Overload Testing 7.2.1 ‘The work platform including its suspension system must be load tested to an overload of at least twice the rated maximum safe working load of the platform. 7.22 Such overload test shall be done every 12 months and in the presence of an Approved Person. 1"CP 63: 1996 APPENDIX A CERTIFICATE OF TEST/THOROUGH VISUAL EXAMINATION OF LIFTING EQUIPMENT {Sample of FORM B : MOL (DIS) 005-10/90] (FRONT) smasrRy oF LABOUR, SINGAPORE nacracronenmeeanarbenmanensennces CERTINGATE OF TEST/HOROUGH VISUAL EXAMINATION J raraten nos quan nectmrcr ew eee Factory Occupier and (Owner of Ling Equipment Cocaton of Liting Equioment Particulars of Ling Equipment ype ane Deaton ot caeaton ing Burt “Soe rand Name: ~Disinciven coupe of Origins Date ot Maruecne: SoureeatPower Frat Registration Dt: ax Safe Working Load (9): ax Boom Lengspan ‘Omar Reference ‘erie Region No: Lngtn of Fly aa/étenion (i [ater eipineere eee eee eee ec Particulars of Last Load Test ae ue Tes was Teta 0 o @ @ © 6 @ | a (m) Festbon 1) ‘et Worn Lad) J {erty thet on the ting eadomen seed nc create was examined aca by me, 8S tara cenusion ports, and isis ae ep sty crane. | ‘further cert ratte tng exit complies in respects wth ie requirements pertiing ting ume = | _souied ine aco it Sd tos Regus ade eran ae se rose oa Tine Pea eaten Ne we ‘Size ot hpions Poe | iting vont an Un Gu tg Pele ng cing rn nr BT A 2 ERE NRT SRLS EERE A ASE a ca ee Pro. Mou (03) 08-1980 (Note : Form shown not actual size) : 12SS CP 63 : 1996 APPENDIX B CERTIFICATE OF TEST/THOROUGH VISUAL EXAMINATION OF LIFTING EQUIPMENT [Sample of FORM B : MOL (DIS) 005-10/90] (Bac BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PARTS CHECKED AND COMMENTS: (Note : Form shown not actual size) 13CP 63: 1996 4) Allgimonsions in mitimetres 2 4s . (see subciause 5.6.3) Configuration of a typical long work platform Figure 1. 14Figure 2. Danger zone for cranes and lifted loads operating in proximities of overhead power cables 15 CP 63: 19961996 cP 63 Publications referred to: The Factories Act g : i i é : I i i i 16CP 63: 1996 STANDARDS, PRODUCTIVITY AND INNOVATION BOARD (SPRING SINGAPORE) SPRING's mission is to enhance the compstitiveness of enterprises for a vibrant Singapore economy. We work to nurture @ pro-business environment that encourages enterprise formation and growth, facilitate the growth of industries, enhance productivity & innovation and capabilities of enterprises, and help increase access to markets and business opportunities. Our vision is to nurture a host of ‘dynamic and innovative Singapore enterprises. Strategic Thrust 1: Nurture a pro-business environment that encourages enterprise formation and growth SPRING takes on the role of a steward to nurture a pro-business environment. In this role, SPRING helps to ensure that there is a conducive environment for enterprises to form, compete and grow. SPRING promotes the review and removal of rules and regulations that stifle enterprises. It also facilitates enterprise access to key factor inputs like land, labour, technology and finance. Strategic Thrust 2: Facilitate the growth of industries SPRING adopts an integrated cluster development approach in enhancing the vibrancy and competitiveness of selected industries. Strategic Thrust 3: Enhance productivity & innovation and capabilities of enterprises SPRING helps enterprises to enhance their productivity & innovation and capabilities. These include equipping enterprises with capabilities to upgrade their know-how, and creating conditions that encourage a productivity & innovation and service focus in enterprises. Focused assistance will be provided for promising enterprises. Strategic Thrust 4: Increase access to markets and business opportunities ‘SPRING helps enterprises gain access to markets by reducing technical barriers to trade, providing quality assurance for. Singapore products/services and linking local enterprises to business opportunities, both locally and overseas. SPRING Singapore 2 Bukit Merah Central Singapore 159835 Tel: 6278 6666, Fax: 6278 6667 E-mall: queries @spring.gov-sg ‘Website: http_/www.spring.gov.sg ABOUT THE NATIONAL STANDARDISATION PROGRAMME SPRING is also the national standards body in Singapore. Under the national standardisation programme, SPRING Singapore helps companies and industry to meet intemational standards and conformity requirements by creating awareness of the importance of standardisation to enhance competitiveness and improve productivity, co-ordinating the development and use of Singapore Standards and setting up an information infrastructure to educate companies and industry on the latest developments. SPRING Singapore is vested with the authority to appoint a Standards Council to advise on the preparation, publication and promulgation of Singapore Standards and Technical References and their implementation, 7| CP 63 : 1996 ‘Singapore Standards are in the form of specifications for materials and products, codes of practice, methods of test, nomenclature, services, etc. The respective standards committee will draw up the standards before seeking final approval from the Standards Council, To ensure adequate representation of all viewpoints in the preparation of Singapore Standards, all committees appointed consist of representatives from various interest groups which include govemment agencies, professional bodies, tertiary institutions and consumer, trade and manufacturing organisations. Technical Reterences are transition documents developed to help meet urgent indusiry demand for specifications or requirements on a particular product, process or service in an area where there is an absence of reference standards. Unlike Singapore Standards, they are issued for comments over a period of two years before assessment on their suitability for approval as Singapore Standards. All ‘comments are considered when a technical reference is reviewed at the end of two years to determine the feasibility of its transition to a Singapore Standard. Technical References can therefore become Singapore Standards after two years, continue as Technical References for further comments or be withdrawn. In the intemational arena, SPRING Singapore represents Singapore in the Intemational Organisation of Standardisation (ISO), the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC) Sub-committee for ‘Standards and Conformance (SCSC) and in the ASEAN Consuttative Committee on Standards and Quality (ACCSQ). The Singapore National Committee of the International Electrotechnical ‘Commission which is supported by SPRING Singapore, represents Singapore in the IEC. 18