Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
(b) Suppose the same amount is invested at an annual interest rate, r, for
the same amount of time as part (a) and it doubles. Calculate r.
2P0 = P0 (1 + r)t 2 = (1 + r)t 21/t = 1 + r r = 21/t 1
ln 2
.06
Using t =
then
1
t
.06
ln 2
.06
and r = 2 ln 2 1 6.18%
t1 =
10.3
12.5
10.3
12.5
= ln
+ k ln
ln
=k
17
17
17
17
ln 10.3
17
ln 12.5
ln 12.5
ln 12.5 ln 17
17
17
=
= 10.3
1.588
ln
10.3
ln
12.5
ln 12.5
=
k
ln
17
12.5
Since 1.588 hours is 1 hour and 35.3 minutes, the murder occurred just before
11:55AM.
(3) One model for the spread of a rumor is that the rate of spread is proportional
to the product of the fraction y of the population who have heard the rumor
and the fraction who have not heard the rumor.
(a) Write a differential equation that is satisfied by y.
dy
= ky(1 y)
dt
dy
y(1y)
A
B
1
= +
1 = A(1 y) + By = A + (B A)y
y(1 y)
y
1y
A = 1, B = 1
Thus,
Z
Z
Z
dy
dy
+
= k dt ln |y| ln |1 y] = kt + C
y
1y
y
= kt + C y = Aekt
ln
1 y
1y
1y
1
= Aekt 1 = Aekt
y
y
1
1
= Aekt + 1 y =
kt
y
Ae + 1
(c) A small town has 1000 inhabitants. At 8AM, 80 people have heard a
rumor that the local Cookout will be giving away free milkshakes. By
noon half the town has heard it. At what time will 90% of the population
have heard the rumor?
2
1
25
23
80
=
=
A=
1=
y(0) =
1000
25
A+1
2
2
1
y(t) =
23/2ekt + 1
1
1
y(4) = =
2 = 23/2e4k + 1
4k
2
23/2e
+1
2
1 = 23/2e4k ln
= 4k
23
ln 2
k = 23 0.61
4
.9 =
1
23/2ekt
1/9 = 23/2e
t=
+1
kt
10/9 = 23/2ekt + 1
ln (2/207) = kt
ln (2/207)
ln (2/207)
ln 2 ln 207
=
=4
7.60 hours
2
ln
k
ln 2 ln 23
23
4
So, by 3:36PM, 90% of the population will have heard the rumor.