Last updated 05/19/15 this study is twelve pages long

Some say that because the LORD talks to the Lord in Psalm 110:1-7, it must be God talking to God in some way
perhaps as the first and second persons of the so called Trinity. This is said to be confirmed in the parallel passage
quotations in Mathew, Mark and Luke by Jesus.
I will show that this interpretation is incorrect and that Psalm 110:1-7 does NOT show Jesus to be God.
Whether you agree or disagree, in part or in whole, big or small, please email me any feedback to help improve this
study. I would also appreciate any help with its logic, grammar, typos, editing etc.
Before analyzing the passage in question in Psalm 110:1-7, and the relationship of Christ with God, I am going to
provide some evidence that has to be taken into account when interpreting our passage.
Index
1/ Psalms Background
2A/ David's Writing Background
2B/ Who was David
3/ LORD and Lord
4A/ Psalm 110 Text and overview
4B/ The Second Lord (Adown) is God
4C/ The Second Lord (Adown) is Abraham
4D/ The Second Lord (Adown) is Solomon or Another Human Being of the Time
4E/ The Second Lord (Adown) is King David
4F/ The Second Lord (Adown) is an Angel
4G/ The Second Lord (Adown) is the Pre Human Jesus.
5A/ The Prophecies of Jesus 2 Samuel 7:11-18
5B/ The Prophecies of Jesus Psalm 110:1-7
6A/ The Prophetical Fulfillment of Jesus Christ in Mark.
6B/ The Prophetical Fulfillment of Jesus Christ in Luke.
6C/ The Prophetical Fulfillment of Jesus Christ in Mathew
Summaries and Final Conclusion

Part 1 Psalms Background:

The Psalms were written by several writers including King David who is said to have written somewhere between
58-80 approximately of the 150 total. Other writers include Moses, Heman the Ezrahite, Ethan the Ezrahite,
Solomon, Asaph, and the sons of Korah. Several of them do not come with any credit.
Psalm means song therefore psalms means songs. The Psalms are considered to be songs, prayers and poetry.
Psalms are quoted in the NT on 75 occasions with Paul quoting them 14 times in Romans alone. Jesus says in Mark
24:44 that the things that happened to him were prophesied in the books of Moses, the prophets and the Psalms.
David in the Psalms:
David wrote the Psalms, or Songs, either for himself to sing or for others to sing.
58 approx of the Psalms that were attributed to David all begin "A Psalm of David." It is said that it could read "for
David" or "to David," I am no expert in Hebrew and need advice on this. If it were "for David" or "to David" it could
mean that another person wrote it, although logically it could still be David. So in all interpretations attributed to
David we have to consider firstly that David wrote it and secondly another wrote it to David.
The NT quotations of Psalm 110 passage in Mathew 22, Mark 36 and Luke all have Jesus saying to the Pharisees
and the teachers that David wrote Psalm 110, and none of them said he was wrong. Therefore it has to be true that
the Jewish OT understanding was that it was David who wrote it.
Apparently Psalm 110 is quoted 23 times in the NT, I have not confirmed this.

Summary:
Psalms were written by a combination of authors including King David who wrote the majority.

Part 2A David's Writing Background:

Here are some examples of David's writing.
2 Samuel 22:1-3 And David spoke to the LORD the words of this song on the day when the LORD delivered
him from the hand of all his enemies, and from the hand of Saul.
2 He said, The LORD is my rock and my fortress and my deliverer,
3 my God, my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold and my
refuge, my savior; you save me from violence.
David has been speaking since vs1
2 Samuel 22:50-51For this I will praise you, O LORD, among the nations, and sing praises to your name.
51 Great salvation he brings to his king, and shows steadfast love to his anointed, to David and his offspring
forever.
David now speaks of himself in the third person when he says "to his king," "to his anointed," and "his offspring."
Psalm 144:9-11 I will sing a new song to you, O God; upon a ten-stringed harp I will play to you,
10 who gives victory to kings, who rescues David his servant from the cruel sword.
11 Rescue me and deliver me from the hand of foreigners, whose mouths speak lies and whose right hand is
a right hand of falsehood.
vs10 David again speaks of himself in the third person.
Summary:
Although these are exceptions to the norm, it is clearly evidence that David wrote in the third person at least twice
If he wrote this way on these occasions then it is evident he could do it again.

Part 2B Who Was David?

This Psalm was written after he had already been anointed as King.
As the anointed he was the OT Messiah.
David lived between 1040-970BC approx

Part 3 LORD and Lord

A lot of confusion regarding LORD and Lord revolves around virtually all English Bible translations using the same
English word for different the three Hebrew words YHWH, Adonay, and Adown from the OT.
All of these three Hebrew words are different, and have different definitions. There may be good reasons that the
translators translated all three words to the same English word LORD or Lord. However it would have made things a
lot more understandable and created so much less confusion if they had been translated into different English words,
such as Jehovah for LORD, as they sometimes are in the King James and other versions.
In bible translations the OT Hebrew word YHWH, Gods name, is sometimes written YHWH, sometimes Jehovah
and usually all capitals LORD. It is only ever written in reference to the God of the bible.
In the OT the different Hebrew words adonay and adown were each sometimes used to refer to
YHWH/LORD however adonay and adown also referred to people. In the NT kurios sometimes refers to
YHWH/LORD from the OT, however kurios usually referred to people.

There is never a point that LORD/YHWH God calls Jesus LORD/YHWH or God. At a point during the NT God
made Jesus Lord (Greek Kurios), however the bible does not say God made Jesus LORD/YHWH. YHWH God does
not call Jesus Lord/Kurios either before creation, after Bethlehem, or after Jesus resurrection. This seems to show it
happened after creation and before Bethlehem however this still doesnt pinpoint exactly the time it happened.
If the Hebrew language had not been translated to English and the entire world spoke Hebrew these questions would
not need answering. The idea that Jesus is God based on scriptures using the word Lord, has been created due to
translation to the English language. It is the translators that have created the confusion and the problems.
I have a 32 page in depth study of each of these terms which I advise you to study, if it is to long then just review the
index and the list of summaries at the end in order to get a sense of how these terms are used.
37D Who is LORD, who is Lord linked here
Here is the index from that study.
Old Testament
God is LORD, Lord, or Both
Part 1A God is LORD.
Part 1B God is Lord.
Part 1C God is Lord.
Part 1D God is both LORD and Lord.
Part 1E God is both LORD and Lord.

Elohiym is YHWH
Elohiym is Adonay
Elohiym is Adown
Elohiym is both YHWH and Adonay
Elohiym is both YHWH and Adown

People are Not God but Are Lord

Part 2A People are Not God or LORD
Part 2B People and Angels are Lord Adonay
Part 2C People are Lord Adown
The Septuagint:
Part 3A The Septuagint
New Testament
God and Jesus are Called Lord (Greek Kurios)
Part 4A God is Lord.
Part 4B Jesus is Lord.
Part 4C God and the Lord-Jesus
Part 4D Jesus and the Lord-God
Part 4E People are Lord.
God Made Jesus Lord For Us
Part 5A Empty
Part 5B God made Jesus Lord, Kurios
Part 5C What does it mean that Jesus is Lord, or Jesus is Lord of my life?
Part 5D Many Lords, only one lord for us:
If you are not aware of the facts laid out here it would benefit you to either go and read the entire thirty two page
study . If the length of the study seems to long, just study the introduction and index which is a two pages, and the
list of summaries and final conclusion which is also two pages. This will show that because Jesus is Lord he is not
God. In fact it shows how because Jesus is Lord he is not God!
Summary:
In the OT Only God was called YHWH/LORD
In the OT God was called Adonay/Lord and Adown/Lord

In the OT People were called Adonay/Lord and Adown/Lord

In the NT God was called Lord/Kurios
In the NT people were called Lord/Kurios
In the NT The YHWH/LORD God made Jesus Lord

Part 4A Psalm 110:1-7

A Song of David:
Psalm 110:1-7 The LORD (H3068) says to my Lord (H113 Adown): "Sit at my right hand until I make your
enemies a footstool for your feet."
2
The LORD (H3068) will extend your mighty scepter from Zion; you will rule in the midst of your enemies.
3
Your troops will be willing on your day of battle. Arrayed in holy majesty, from the womb of the dawn you
will receive the dew of your youth.
4
The LORD (H3068) has sworn and will not change his mind: "You are a priest forever, in the order of
Melchizedek."
5
The Lord (H136) is at your right hand; he will crush kings on the day of his wrath.
6
He will judge the nations, heaping up the dead and crushing the rulers of the whole earth.
7
He will drink from a brook beside the way, therefore he will lift up his head
Vs1a God is the first LORD/YHWH all caps, but who is the one referred to as "my Lord" Hebrew adown in vs1.
There are several possibilities regarding the identity of the second Lord/adown. God, Solomon, another human of the
time, David, Abraham, Melchizadek, an angel, Jesus at that time. I will consider all possibilities.
Because, as stated earlier, "A Song of David" could be written "for David" or "to David," in the assessment we will
be addressing both viewpoints.
Vs1b "Sit" doesn't have to mean we will rule together, it could mean you sit while I do the work.
Vs1b The expression right hand is used 35 other times in Psalms, some have God at the right hand of David which
doesn't mean God is subservient to David.

Summary:
In the days the Psalm 110 was written there were several possibilities regarding the identity of "my Lord"

Part 4B The Second Lord (Adown) is God

This does not say God said to my God. It is two different Hebrew words, people of the time would not have
considered God was talking to himself as it doesn't make any logical sense. There are no other examples of this in
the bible. I need to hear someone support this argument to address it further.
Summary:
"My Lord" does not refer to YHWH/LORD God.

Part 4C The Second Lord Adown is Abraham.

There are some important facts regarding Melchizedek which need reviewing before assessing Abraham
as a possibility for being "my Lord" in Psalm 110:1-7
Genesis 14:18-20 And Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine. (He was priest of God
Most High.)
19 And he blessed him and said, Blessed be Abram by God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth;
20 and blessed be God Most High, who has delivered your enemies into your hand! And Abram gave him
a tenth of everything.
Genesis 14 is the first chapter in the bible where Kings are mentioned.
Melchizedek lived at the same time as Abraham approximately 1900BC
Melchizedek means King of righteousness, this is based on the two Hebrew words that make up his name. Righteous
(zedek) king (melchi).

Melchizedek, a generic title conferred of kings who rule over Jerusalem.

In the same way, all kings of Egypt were called Pharaoh, Kings of Philistine were referred as Abimelech
and Kings of Persia were given the title Achasverous.
So too, kings with the name zedek as part of their title were human kings of Jerusalem as in:
Adonizedek, king of Jerusalem Joshua 10:l
The first part of this kings name is the word adoni which we have pointed out mean lord or master.
vs18 Melchizedek was the King of Salem, short for Jerusalem. (Psalm 76:2)
vs18 Melchizedek is the first person in the bible to be called a priest.
The next person to be called a priest was Potiphera at the time of Joseph and Pharoah a thousand years later.
The first Israelite Jewish priests were from the tribe of Levi who was a great grandson of Abraham.
Vs19 Melchizedek blessed Abraham
Vs20 Melchizedek blessed God for helping Abraham win the war with his enemies.
It is true that God delivered Abraham from his enemies which could relate him to Psalm 110:1, however that could
be said of any of the people God delivered from their enemies.
The problems with identifying Abraham as "my Lord" are
1/ The quote in Psalm 110 is not identified in Genesis for Abraham
2/ Abraham was never said to be a priest, where as God made the person in Psalm110:4 a priest
3/ Abraham was never said to be a king like Melchizedek who was a king.
4/
Summary:
I need to hear more support that "my Lord" in Psalm 110:1-7 refers to Abraham as it seems very unlikely.

Part 4D The Second Lord (Adown) is Solomon or Another Person of the Time.
2 Samuel 7:11-18 And I will give you rest from all your enemies. Moreover, the LORD declares to you that
the LORD will make you a house.
12 When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring after you,
who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom.
13 He shall build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.
14 I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him
with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men,
15 but my steadfast love will not depart from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you.
16 And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me. Your throne shall be
established forever.
17 In accordance with all these words, and in accordance with all this vision, Nathan spoke to David.
18 Then King David went in and sat before the LORD and said, Who am I, O Lord GOD, and what is my
house, that you have brought me thus far?
Vs12 When David dies God will establish Solomon's kingdom.
Vs13 Solomon, the son of David, will build the OT temple.
Vs17 Nathan finished telling David of the vision
Quote: One of King Davids greatest disappointments was Gods refusal to allow him to build the first
Temple in Jerusalem. Although Davids son Solomon undertook that task, and eventually constructed the
first Temple, Davids connection to Solomons Temple was significant. For example, David founded the city
of Jerusalem, the city where the Temple was built. In fact, both the city and the Temple were named
after him,
the City and Temple of David. Moreover, he made preparations for the building of the Temple, and even arranged
for the Temple service (II Samuel 7; I Chronicles 14-17, 22-26).

Summary:
The problem with claiming that David wrote Psalm 110 and was addressing Solomon or another human being of the
time as " my Lord" is that, David was the highest ranking human ruler in all the earth. And I will make him the
firstborn, the highest of the kings of the earth." Psalm 89:19-27. Therefore he would not call any human alive at the
time including Solomon, Lord.
The second, and equally significant problem, is that the rest of Psalm 110:2-7 does not make any logical or biblical
sense if we try to apply it to Solomon.

Part 4E The Second Lord (Adown) is David

Because of the NT fulfillments where Jesus tells us that David wrote Psalm 110 that is my belief.
David was the anointed King and the messiah of the time.
Because he was the highest ranking being outside of YHWH God, he had no other Lord or master.
Vs1a If the Psalm was written by another, then "my Lord" can easily be applied to David because it was written
about King David, for King David.
Vs1a If the Psalm was written by David, because David also writes in the third person as shown earlier, "my Lord"
can still be applied to David. He wrote this in the third person.
Vs1a1If the Psalm was written by David, David is writing from the perspective of the individual who is going to
recite or sing it. From this perspective, David, as king, is appropriately referred to as "my adown."
Vs1a The better way to translate this phrase, then, would be 'God said to my master,'
Vs1b The author is saying that God was going to make King Davids enemies into King Davids footstool, meaning
that King David was going to put his feet on his enemies, and this is what happened. He conquered the Jebusite
fortress, and then won victories over the Philistines and the Moabites.
Vs1b The privilege of sitting at the right hand is a mark of distinction (1 Kings 2:19). When God invites David to
"sit at My right hand," it is to show the privileged position enjoyed by David in his relationship with God. It is not to
be taken as literally indicating sitting at God's right hand. The terminology "right hand" is here used as an expression
of God's favoritism toward David. Not a literal statement of David ascending to heaven, per Acts 2:34
Vs2 David the scepter is prophesied in Numbers 24:17. Some translations say "the scepter" and others write it in a
way that signifies that David or his dominion, his outreach, his kingdom, is the scepter.
Vs3 The remainder of Psalm 110 is discussing how God would help the "Lord" defeat their enemies, which
happened later in David's life.

Vs4 David is a priest in the order of Melchizadek, who was also both King and Priest. (Disciples become priests and
possibly Kings Revelation 1:6 and 5:10)
Vs5 It is odd that David is not spoken about again in the scriptures as being a priest. Perhaps when he is defined as a
priest like Melchizedek that both sets of duties as King and priest would be in place but in David's case the Kingly
duties took precedence over his priestly duties.
Vs5 The Lord, God in this case, is at David's right hand and will crush his enemies.
vs 1 Similar passages exists in Psalm 18:35-38 and 1 Kings 5:3 where God delivers David from his enemies and puts
them under the soles of his feet.
Summary:
Because of the evidence laid out here it is David who is "my Lord" in vs1 and throughout the passage.

Part 4F The Second Lord (Adown) is An Angel

Quote: David may have actually been addressing a specific Angel, namely the Angel of Yahweh, the very One that
happens to be God in essence and who often appeared in the OT as a man. If this were so, then this
would
mean that the Angel of Yahweh became an actual human being from Davids line which then made
him both
Davids Lord and Davids Son. The difference with this specific Angel is that, unlike all the
other angels, he
isnt a creature but the Creator God who took on the function of an Angel or Messenger.

I do not agree with this statement for the following reasons.

Summary:
All of the kings sit or sat on Gods throne whereas angels do not. David as anointed King was greater than angels in
rank, authority and honor, which means that David could not have been addressing an angelic being as his Lord.
Angels serve Gods elect and his anointed king, making Gods people superior to and sovereign over even the
angels. There is no biblical evidence that any angel had superior ranking to a person in the position that King David
had been given. There is also no evidence of David having this viewpoint.
Later in Hebrews 2:7-9 it says "for a little while" Jesus was made a little lower than the angels. This was after David
wrote Psalm 110.

Part 4G The Second Lord (Adown) is Jesus in his Pre Human Existence
Quote: Davids Son (whom the NT identifies as Jesus) in his pre-human existence appeared throughout the
OT as the Angel of Yahweh, the very God who often spoke with the OT saints in the guise of a man.
I need to hear evidence to support this idea.
Trinitarians believe that the word YHWH/LORD God in Deuteronomy 6:4 refers to all three members of the Trinity
as a whole, therefore a problem arises here because they have Jesus/YHWH talking to Jesus/adonay which is
illogical as it would mean Jesus, even as the third person of the Trinity, is talking to himself. If Jesus is sitting next
to YHWH/LORD then it means he is no part of it and therefore not YHWH/LORD God. This same argument applies
if you think Jesus is the LORD?YHWH in any way.
Quote: There is no problem with accepting that one's descendants can rise to a more exalted position than
we possess at present. There is no problem with David accepting that the Messiah will be greater than he
is.
I agree with this idea, however as stated earlier King David's rank at the time placed him higher than any other living
person therefore he would not have called anyone at that time "my Lord." If someone after David became higher in
rank, then so be it. There is no evidence that David was aware of another being other than God who was in existence
and of higher ranking than himself. And we know from the way David treated Saul who was God's anointed, that if
he had considered someone higher than himself he would have respected their position.
Summary:
The idea that David was aware of Jesus existence, and was the one David referred to as "my Lord," at the time he
wrote Psalm 110 is conjecture and without proof. Let me know if you have support for this viewpoint.

5A The Prophecies of Jesus Christ 2 Samuel 7:11-18:

2 Samuel 7:11-18 And I will give you rest from all your enemies. Moreover, the LORD declares to you that
the LORD will make you a house.
12 When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring after you,
who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom.
13 He shall build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.
14 I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him
with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men,
15 but my steadfast love will not depart from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you.
16 And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me. Your throne shall be
established forever.
17 In accordance with all these words, and in accordance with all this vision, Nathan spoke to David.

18 Then

King David went in and sat before the LORD and said, Who am I, O Lord GOD, and what is my
house, that you have brought me thus far?
Vs11 Prophetically God did make Jesus a temple, the first spiritual human temple.
Vs12 When David dies God will establish Solomon's kingdom, or prophetically possibly Jesus Kingdom.
The problem with this applying to Jesus is that he had no offspring, although it could be spiritual offspring.
Vs13 Solomon will build the OT temple, Jesus became the first NT spiritual temple, followed by disciples.
The problem with applying this to Jesus is that Jesus didn't build the temple!
Vs14 The second part of this sentence eliminates the possibility of this passage as a whole applying to Jesus because
it requires God to assume that Jesus would commit iniquity.
Vs17 Nathan finished telling David of the vision
Summary:
It is possible that the first part of 2 Samuel 7:11-18 applies to Jesus, however it seems unlikely.

5B The Prophecies of Jesus Christ Psalm 110:1-7

A Song of David:
Psalm 110:1-7 The LORD (H3068) says to my Lord (H113 Adown): "Sit at my right hand until I make your
enemies a footstool for your feet."
2
The LORD (H3068) will extend your mighty scepter from Zion; you will rule in the midst of your enemies.
3
Your troops will be willing on your day of battle. Arrayed in holy majesty, from the womb of the dawn you
will receive the dew of your youth.
4
The LORD (H3068) has sworn and will not change his mind: "You are a priest forever, in the order of
Melchizedek."
5
The Lord (H136) is at your right hand; he will crush kings on the day of his wrath.
6
He will judge the nations, heaping up the dead and crushing the rulers of the whole earth.
7
He will drink from a brook beside the way, therefore he will lift up his head
Vs1a David quoting God talking to Jesus. LORD/YHWH = God. Lord/Adown = Prophetic Jesus
Assuming David is the author: When David wrote it he wrote it in the third person where "my Lord" applied to
himself. It has to say "my Lord" in order to work prophetically and to place Jesus as Lord over David in terms of
rank and relationship from David's point of view.
Vs1b "Sit" doesn't have to mean we will rule together. Based on the following verses it would make more sense if it
means, you sit while I do the work.

Vs1 I am unsure when in time God is meant to have said this to Jesus, most likely during his later years. Perhaps
Jesus became Lord after the ascension.
Vs1 The biggest issue for those who say Jesus is YHWH, is that here Jesus as Lord is next to YHWH. Therefore
he cannot be YHWH otherwise there would be two YHWH's!
Vs2 God will extend Jesus' "mighty scepter," perhaps meaning his kingdom or his reputation or his fame etc
Vs2 This would make more sense if it said you mighty scepter, or the mighty scepter, indicating that Jesus is the
mighty scepter. (see other OT prophecies Jesus as scepter, Genesis 49:10, Psalm 45:6). The LORD sends the mighty
scepter, God sends Jesus from Zion to rule. The word your is from H859 which is in the OT 12,129 times, of those
times it is translated you 5,115 times and your 4,698 times, the 205 times.
Vs2 God did protect Jesus for a certain period of time.
Vs3 "Your troops" could be the disciples and the church.
Vs3 Quote: The word youth denotes a period of life distinguished for strength and activity and the dew is a
constant emblem of whatever is refreshing and strengthening. The Messiah, then, as leading his people, is
represented as continually in the vigor of youth, refreshed and strengthened by the early dew of Gods grace
and Spirit.
Vs4 Jesus is a priest forever as confirmed in Hebrews 5, 6, and 7.
Vs4 God decided Jesus would be a priest. Not God is a priest forever, but you someone else is a priest forever.

Vs4 Jesus is not made a priest in the order of Aaron, who was able to forgive sins which indicates something
different. What is it?
Vs5 The Lord (H136/Adonay) refers to God being at Jesus' right hand as He was David in Psalm 16:8 etc.
Vs5 He will crush kings, is God.
Vs6 "The day of his wrath" is usually something that only applies to God, not Jesus who protects us from God's
wrath.
Vs6 Both God and Christ will judge on Judgment Day so this could be applying to either.
Vs7 This confirms that vs6 applies to Jesus as does this verse.
Vs7 This verse could refer to the bitter cup that Jesus drank when he died, and lifting up his head could refer to the
resurrection
Summary:
There is a large amount of supporting evidence that identifies Psalm 110 as a prophecy of Jesus Christ.
The entire passage would be completely fulfilled after Jesus returned to heaven. Vs5-6 may refer to Judgment Day.

Part 6A The Prophetical Fulfillments of Jesus Christ Mark 12:35-37

Mark 12:35-37 And as Jesus taught in the temple, he said, How can the scribes say that the Christ is the
son of David?
36 David himself, in the Holy Spirit, declared, The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand,
until I put your enemies under your feet.
37 David himself calls him Lord. So how is he his son? And the great throng heard him gladly.
The exact wording for Psalm 110:1 Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet."
is not quoted word for word in Mark 12 however, this often happens in the NT.
Summary:
The prophetical interpretation for Mark 12:36 is detailed in my assessment of Mathew 22.

Part 6B The Prophetical Fulfillments of Jesus Christ in Luke 20:41-44

Luke 20:41-44 But he said to them, How can they say that the Christ is Davids son?
42 For David himself says in the Book of Psalms, The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand,
43 until I make your enemies your footstool.
44 David thus calls him Lord, so how is he his son?
The exact wording for Psalm 110:1 Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet."
is not quoted word for word in Luke 20:42 however, this often happens in the NT.
Summary:
The prophetical interpretation for Luke 20:42 is detailed in my assessment of Mathew 22.

Part 6C The Prophetical Fulfillments of Jesus Christ Mathew 22:41-45:

I chose to review this passage rather than Mark 12 or Luke 20 because of the expanded nature of Mathew 22.
Mathew 22:41-45 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question,
42 saying, What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he? They said to him, The son of David.
43 He said to them, How is it then that David, in the Spirit, calls him Lord, saying,
44 The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet ?
45 If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?
46 And no one was able to answer him a word, nor from that day did anyone dare to ask him any more
questions.

Vs42 The Pharisees believed that the prophesied Christ/Messiah was David's son or descendant.
Vs42-46 This shows that the Pharisees also believed that Psalm 110 was a prophecy of the Christ/Messiah.
Vs42 If Jesus is God who was already in existence at the time Psalm 110 was written there is another problem.
He was not David's son at that point, where as both Jesus and the Pharisees say that he was!
Vs43 "David, in the spirit" probably means speaking prophetically.
Vs44The exact wording for Psalm 110:1 Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet."
is not quoted word for word however this often happens in the NT.
Vs44
Although the two Greek words kurios in this verse are the same, they are written with a slightly different
syntax. Whereas the Greek word for the first word Lord in Matthew 22:44 is (kurios), the Greek
word for the second word Lord is (kurio), because the latter is in the dative case, indicating to
or for which an action occurs.
Vs44 It is relevant to remember that Acts 2:36 reminds us that at some point God made Jesus Lord
Vs44 Romans 14:9 says Jesus is Lord of the dead and the living, and is therefore David's Lord.
Vs46 Why didn't they answer Jesus?
1/ They didn't know the answer. They didn't know that when David wrote "my Lord" he was writing in the third
person, as identified earlier, and was referring to himself. Now in prophetic fulfillment it applied to Jesus.
Therefore Psalm 110:1 meant one thing when it was written and another thing in prophecy.
Perhaps it was because Jesus did not become Lord, or "my Lord" to David, until after the ascension.
2/ They did know the answer but did not want to admit to something.
This may have something to do with the Pharisees accusing Jesus of blasphemy when he said he was the son of
God in John 10:36 and later on the cross.
Summary:
It is very clear that the NT quotations in Mathew 22:42-46 are the fulfillments of Psalm 110:1-7. There is
however no evidence to support the theory that these passages show Jesus to be God.

Part 6D Quoted in Acts by Peter

Acts 2:34-36 For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says, The Lord said to my Lord,
Sit at my right hand,
35 until I make your enemies your footstool.
36 Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this
Jesus whom you crucified.
Vs34-36 Peter confirms that "my Lord" prophesied in Psalm 110 is Jesus
He also confirms that Jesus is Lord because God made him Lord.
There was a point when Jesus was not Lord, therefore it is not possible that Jesus is God.
There can never be a point where someone is made YHWH.
In Greek, each time "Lord" is written in vs34 they are spelt slightly different to identify that one was God and one
was not.
Summary:
Peter, here in Acts 2:34-36 quotes Psalm 110:1 and tells us all that it is a prophecy of Jesus, that Jesus is "my Lord,"
and it was God who made Jesus Lord.
Because God made Jesus "my Lord" then there was a time when Jesus was not "my Lord" which means that Jesus is
not and cannot be God.
Summaries and Final Conclusion:
Part 1/ Psalms were written by a combination of authors including King David who wrote the majority.
Part 2/ Although these are exceptions to the norm, it is clearly evidence that David wrote in the third person at least
twice. If he wrote this way on these occasions then it is evident he could do it again.

Part 3/ In the OT Only God was called YHWH/LORD

In the OT God was called Adonay/Lord and Adown/Lord
In the OT People were called Adonay/Lord and Adown/Lord
In the NT God was called Lord/Kurios
In the NT people were called Lord/Kurios
In the NT The YHWH/LORD God made Jesus Lord
Part 4A/ In the days the Ps 110 was written there were several possibilities regarding the identity of "my Lord"
Part 4B/ "My Lord" does not refer to YHWH/LORD God.
Part 4C/ I need to hear more support that "my Lord" in Ps 110:1-7 refers to Abraham as it seems very unlikely.
Part 4D/ The problem with claiming that David wrote Psalm 110 and was addressing Solomon or another human
being of the time as " my Lord" is that, David was the highest ranking human ruler in all the earth. And I
will make him the firstborn, the highest of the kings of the earth." Psalm 89:19-27. Therefore he would not
call any human alive at the time including Solomon, Lord.
The second, and equally significant problem, is that the rest of Psalm 110:2-7 do not make any logical or
biblical sense if we try to apply it to Solomon.
Also, despite the fact that the charge of building the temple was given to Solomon, it was still called
David's temple. Jerusalem was also called the City of David.
Part 4E/ Because of the evidence laid out here it is David who is "my Lord" in vs1 and throughout the passage.
Part 4F/ All of the kings sit or sat on Gods throne whereas angels do not. David as anointed King was greater than
angels in rank, authority and honor, which means that David could not have been addressing an angelic being as his
Lord. Angels serve Gods elect and his anointed king, making Gods people superior
to and sovereign over even
the angels. There is no biblical evidence that any angel had superior ranking t
o a person in the position that
King David had been given. There is also no evidence of David having this
viewpoint.
Later in Hebrews 2:7-9 it says "for a little while" Jesus was made a little lower than the angels. This was
after David wrote Psalm 110.
Part 4G/ The idea that David was aware of Jesus existence, and was the one David referred to as "my Lord," at the
time he wrote Psalm 110 is conjecture and without proof. Let me know if you have support for this
viewpoint.
Part 5A/ It is possible that the first part of 2 Samuel 7:11-18 applies to Jesus, however it seems unlikely.
Part 5B/ There is a large amount of supporting evidence that identifies Psalm 110 as a prophecy of Jesus Christ.
The entire passage would be completely fulfilled after Jesus returned to heaven. Vs5-6 may refer to
Judgment Day.
Part 6A/ The prophetical interpretation for Mark 12:36 is detailed in my assessment of Mathew 22.
Part 6B/ The prophetical interpretation for Luke 20:42 is detailed in my assessment of Mathew 22.
Part 6C/ It is very clear that the NT quotations in Mathew 22:42-46 are the fulfillments of Psalm 110:1-7. There is
however no evidence to support the theory that these passages show Jesus to be God.
Part 6D/ Peter, here in Acts 2:34-36 quotes Psalm 110:1 and tells us all that it is a prophecy of Jesus, that Jesus is
"my Lord," and it was God who made Jesus Lord.
Because God made Jesus "my Lord" then there was a time when Jesus was not "my Lord" which means that
Jesus is not and cannot be God.

Final Conclusion:
This study has revealed that in the OT in Psalm 110:1 "my Lord" refers to King David, as does the rest of vs1-7. In
the NT it has its prophetical fulfillment in the first three gospels and identifies Jesus as "my Lord." In Acts 2 Peter
tells us that it was God who made Jesus Lord.
Because of these facts, nothing in Psalm 110:1-7 or the fulfillments in the NT say that Jesus is God. In fact they
show the opposite, that he is not God.