sur UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS Peperikssan Akhir Semester Pertama Sidang Akademik 20122013 (02 Januasi 2013, EPT335— Applied Thermodyna [Termodinamik Gunaan] Masa + 3 jam Please make sure that this question paper has ELEVEN (11) printed pages including this front page before you stan the examizaion. (8 pastian lets soalan i mongandrgtSEBBLAS (11) ma ara yongbarcetak temo ka adeno seblan anda mens popericon nt) ‘This question paper has FIVE (S) questions. Answer any FOUR (8) questions only. Fach {question contributes 25 marks. {ers salen mergandg LIA (9) salam Jowob manemana EMPAT () soln soja Marah bgt volon alah 3 marth} "Note: Appendix is attached atthe endof the questions, (Not: Lampiranclapirtan pode baka ale oan) sursur err, Question 1 ‘Soot 1] 8) The combustion procest is said to be incomplete if the comiustion products » 9 contain any unburned fuel or components such as C, Ha, CO, or OH. Discuss ‘TWO @% causes ofthis incomplete combustion. rrases pmbatoran dlaahan tok lngap sekirame prodkpenbateran mengandine sarong hon pf tu Nomponen ok wrbhar sep C Hy CO, eeu Ot Bicaatan DUA (2) seb teratanyapembotaran dat eg in] (2 Marc! Markah) 1 kg Cin fuel is supplied to an engine with 13 kg of air. Determine the percentage by volume of CO; in dry exhaust gas considering exhaust ges to consist of COs, €O, and Ns. 11g Ct bao pd 12 dr btalon hepa sam en, Tenn pert COs scar ipa yng rerdepat dalam ge hc Kring dengan momparincanghan gos bon tare tert rps COs C0, dn Ny) (10 Marks! Markah [A rigid tank of 0.3 m? capacity contains @ mixture of ar and steam which is 0.8 dry. The pressure in the tank i & bar and the temperature is 123°C. In this ease, the volume of wate is assumed negligible {Seb tng tga berispade 0.3? mongandang! sain campwon sro don sin yong mempunel itkving 08 Tea dol fang trstbt adalah 8 br dan ohooh 123.7C Dalam esi pan ar aban} 1. Calculate the mass of water present, the mass of dry saturated vapour, and the mas of it, Take R= 0.287 KikgX. [aban iar isi wtp ering den js nara Akl = 247 Ae KY (&Matks! Markah) suuTsuLT (err 339) a3 ii, _sfthetank is cooled vo 100°C, predict what would be happened to the vapour and its quent. angi tere bn hepa ub 10, ramalan apa yong alan ja hapada wap don wate.) (S Marks! Markal) suitSULIT (err 335) Question2 oatee 2} » » Carnot vapour power yele hac been known as an ideal cycle having highest thenmodynamie efficiency. However, there is a practical difficulty in following it uring condensation stage. State the limitation of this eycle and explain how Rankine eycle helps in overcoming it tar basa wap Caro lh ena sebepa sa hor wage! yong menpuya! keegan rermotinanih ering. Kolo bagainanspe,tdapt Meador weak memahiya remasd _perngat kone. Naan pngehadon Mor ia dan jas bagimana ar Bonne -mergats!masaloh nt) (3 Marks) Marka ‘Afler graduating from UniMAP, you got a jb with local power plant company. During the frst day, you ate given a tour to the contro room. Having aced EPT 335 you recognize et ofthe system showing how the water flows through the ‘various components. You know that the seam power plant running on ideal Rankine eycle with seam entering high-pressure turbine at $0 bar, SO0"C and Feaving at 0.035 bar. The steam leaving turbine condenses to saturated liquid inside condenser and the feed pump pumps the saturated liquid into boiler. Your fist task is to revise the layout ofthis plant. From your revision, determine the following itera of performance by assuming the feed pump is neglected; [Seley terra! dart UniAP, nd mendpa earioon dengan seh eit oi asa tempat. Pads hr pertama, onde dbowa melon stu blk kawaan Beret epson comerlang beg uj EFT 235, and dpe morgan pat Bahia stem yong monayon agimana ai Berger nla berago-bge Nompanan Ada tah bahewa Thus in terse beropeast ment Klar Banned dang att memati bin brchnan tinge pas 50 Br, 300°C don menigglianya pads 035 bar. Sim yar hear di mb memcpy meni cccir op dla Kndeser don pam suopon megepam eee ep tecsebut ke dalam andar. Tugs pvt anda adalah memahon! sun aa rb ‘Berdasorlan pemahamer anda teihan keria pret ert dergon manganese pom separ dattlen) suutrsunt (€°T 335) The thermal eTcieney ofthe cyte Kecehspan term bl tran wersebt) (8 Marks! Markah) ‘The work rato ofthe eyele. isa kr bag tran rab} (Marks! Markah) ‘Te specific steam consumption ofthe cycle. Penassnaan sim wnt ag hitron eset} (3 Marks! Markat) In a meeting, your manager has said that small inceases in thermal efficiency can mean large savings from the fuel requirements. He has also ssked you to give some ideas on how to increase the ficiency. ‘Spontaneously, you proposed tim that a modifieation must be made tothe current arrangement by introducing rehesting of steam entering low- pressure turbine at S bar up to 400°C. Show him your proposal on the new arrangement ofthe plant and the corresponding thermal efficiency {Balan sar massa, Pengores endo telah mento bahove pringhton dell Iecehopan tera bleh mayjination ban op dela laa amg bear Dia Jogo era eps ands wrk memberlian sbarag pena tang bagimana cr nh mennghakan heen, Sera apotan, and meng hepadanya bohowe pergubohwain meth ladon Aepads acinar ena dngas menamioh clemen pemamasan soma sim setun menace abn Betetanan ed pda 3 ar ekg {407 Tuatha pase pears ane adangon eta mnn ang bar seria ils eka rma berhenan) (8 Marks! Marka) nb suntSULIT (er 335) oe Question3 Belen 3} 2) The ectual vapor compression refrigeration cycle andthe ideal one are different » 9 ‘due to some factors. Discuss the reasons why they are diferent by refering 0 ‘ach component involves inthe eye ‘tr perinhon sp pemanpatonsebenar don itor urged alah berbco ata sebad bere fair. Bincanglan sebabscbas monger bho dara berber dengan merjuh sepada sei komponen yang wrbat dla karan ers) (@ Marks! Markah) [A refrigerator uses rergeran-134e asthe working Auid and operates on an ideal vapor-compression rftigeration cycle between 0.14 MPa and 0.8 MPa. Ifthe mass flow rate ofthe reftgerant is 0.05 kgs determine the following quantities; {ebah penink mengpialan bahan perm ens R134 sebogal Dndalr bea dan ropa mangle htarpemeuton wap penanpaton gga dl anara 0.14 MPa don 08 MPa ia har lant aio oral 105 hg, team hunt cnt bei) i. The rate of heat removal fom eftigeated space, Kader pembuorgn hab davpa rung yon csjhlan} (4 Marks! Marky The coefficient of performance forthe refigerator, COP. Peal pret ba pera, COP} (4 Marks! Markah) ‘An airconditioned mom is maintained st a temperature of 21°C and relative humidity of 59% when the barometric pressure is 740 mm Hg. Caleulates {Sebuoh th Berke dri cation pada sa uh 27°C dan hlembapan iS pile (shana arma alah 740 a He Kirtan} The pectic huniaity. ksenbopon tts} (6 Macho Marka) suitSULIT ® (eT 335) “1 ‘The temperature ofthe inside of the windows in the room if moisture is just beginning to form on them, Sitting sebeiah dela lk ar scl lena master podanya} (2 Marks Marka) Besed on the room in Question 36), evaluate the mass of water vapour per Kilogram of dry air must be removed ffom the mixture in order to prevent condensation on the windows when thelr temperature drops io 4°C. berdesarin bith delam Salon 30, ian ji wap ar per Kilogram sao Neri ym mest clerian dari compara anak menghalang belly Sonera pod nga teria epabesuhu ua hpada CC) (6 Marks/ Markah) suLItSULIT wre sss) Question 4 olen 4 ©) State the four stroker of « foursiroke intra combustion engine and explain » ° ‘what i taking place inthe engine during each stoke, [yaakanenpor Jo jane sein pomboharan lam empatljang don jl apa yang rll dalam ejb ka peas io are} (4 Marks! Markah) ‘A quality governed feurstroke, single-cylinder gas engine has a bore of 146 mm and a stoke of 280 men. At 475 rev/min and fll load the net load onthe ftion brake is 433 N, andthe torque arm is 045 m. The indicator diagram gives a net ares of $78 min and a length of 70 mmm with a spring rating of 0.815 bar per mm Calculate the indicated power, brake power, and mechanical efficiency. [Se ein ax atu sider pot jong mempurya sata rk 146 mm da sts jan 280 ‘mm Pas 475 pom dn tchanan pen ebanan berth po bok gern lh 33, dan {ergontorkadlah 0.48 mGanbarajah prank menberitn ia as ers sebamak 578m? dan poi 70 mo gn porkadranpgas 0815 bar pr mm. Kiran kas rufa so rk dan becehapan eke) (7 Masks! Martoh) {A four-cylinder racing engine of capacity 2.499 lites has 8 bore of 94 mm and a ‘compression ratio of 12/1. When tested aginst a dynamometer with a torque arm of 0.461 m a maximum load of 622 N was obtained at $000 revimin, and at the peak speed of 6750 rev/min the load was 547 N. The minimum fuel consumption ‘was 17.2 mills ata sped of S000 revimin, the specific gravity ofthe fuel being (0.735, and Qnus™= #4200 keg, (nin tarts mba emp yong berks 249 ter megane! perth 4mm dan shah maton 12/1. Aabi dl dengan ianometer ang menpumal ego ork 46m eban mina 622 N Siete pads $000 ppm, don pads I pancak 6750 ppm, bean alah 547% Pengguna Bah pl minimum alah 172 mpd lan S00 pm grant ‘em Sahn p73, an Qe 4200s} suutTSULIT (ePr339) -- Calculate the maximum bmep, the maximum bp, andthe minimum specific {uel consumption. Reralan bap mks, bp molimum, don poneguaan Bohn ptm mimi) (8 Marks/ Marka) termine the maximum brake thezmal efficiency st maximum torque. (rth kacelapan rma bk also pas trk mana) (2 Marks Marka) Compare your answer i Question 4(c)(i) with the ideal sir standard cycle ficiency. {ndiglan jonopo anda dalam Soolon 4) dengan lecekapon tor wdr plat) (4 Marks/ Markah) 10 SULITsuutr errnsy Question S| oatan 3] 9 “The velocity of steam at inet toa simple impulse turbine is 1000 mys, and the nozzle angle is 20". The blade speed is 400 mvs and the blades are symmetrical. ‘The mass flow of the steam is assumed as 0.75 kgs taj sim pada our maak sa trtin dent ringhs adalah 1000 ms an manag ‘bert 20. Klean bah adaoh 400m da ila blah rab Berber sit. Alon sin tin raga shag 075 bys} |. Determine the blades angles if the steam isto enter the blades without shock Teas a bila str sin erat meas arpa ado ean) (5 Marks! Marko) ii It the friction effects on the blade are negligible, ealcalate the tangential foroe on the blades andthe diegram power. [Selon lesan gesern pads blak abit, Kian diya tongen pods bh ere an jugs asa gambraoh] (6 Macks! Marko) fil, Caleulate the axial thrust and the diagram efficency. rch eh pa don chap ganbarsi) (4 Marks! Marka) iv, Ife relative velocity at ext is reduced by fiction to 80% of tha at inlet, evaluate the diagram power, the axial thrust, ad the diagram efficiency. {Selina hala nis tempat hla etuangtn lc sseron scary 90% pad alr mask aan hase gambarsiah mah pals, do heseaparsombarih) (10 Marks! Markan SULITSULIT one (err ss) Appendix ‘Appendix A-t: Table & Figere [eampiren + FS 8 Rash] as ALNa = wp PANE Ome ng = 2EehCe (hy =hy)= (y= hy) eR hy) (yh) AC, =C,,c08f, +C, 008 f, power output = riC,AC, Tangential force = —ri(C,, cos 8, +C,, cos, Axiall thrust = miAC, _netaee of diagram 4c, G) " Tenth of diagram *°™ na G | cosa rc ip PANE Cy = 2G, hy} 1g = 008" a, 2 suuir