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Where
F: source size: the maximum projected dimension of the radiating source (or effective focal spot)
in the plane perpendicular to the distance D from the weld or object being radiographed. e.g. if
two dimension of source size is 6 X 8 mm in two perpendicular direction then, F will be 10 mm
(max dimension).
d: distance from source side of weld or object being radiographed to the film.
D: distance from source of radiation to weld or object being radiographed.
Following is the image while measuring focal sizes of source of X-Ray. To find out the F for
above formula the maximum direction as mentioned in ASME is to be measured which is
diagonal of these two directions.
In EN code too they provide 2 measurements in two above mentioned directions. Hence to
calculate F for Ug calculation, it has to be maximum values from these two perpendicular
directions.