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Inquiries into Truth and .? 678 " >v/ +
<<

, < Essays on Actions and Events / 7

Subjective, Intersubjective, Objective "4 ; d"4/C= K d"4/C

A Treatise of Human Nature

34

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48

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3 = >(

) = k d74-./ 6 8 K ) /

A5 "A d D # !
'5 # A4

A5

74-./

| b 7X 74-./ ZC

4 W5

i 3

K)/

W/ @

C 3mK 6 8 K ) /
= K

K7:K

%y

"K 12

'( @ W 4 "K D 6 8 l g

@ = "K

( K 3 W2 ;

"' W -./ #

K /

b 7X =O 678

*+= AK 1

l%2 W 4 "K Su = K 3 ) /

d 3 "#7 @ W
|2;
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G .? _ ! 74 "K

7 = AK

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.

$( K W

A5 R
| ?

0'

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"

A5

! @

" /

) @ = .A 7
G

G "?-4K

6
| 78 _K7:K

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K)/

= "K

=O \ G

G S3

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N 7'/ K "2 '$K

&

O W 4 "K

5"K C 3mK 6 8 lK '; K ) /


=' /

)1 k

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"; '-( ) >& %

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| -D $K externalism )
| #=
I
0;

W 4 "K D W .K

" ?

3 = >(

74 "K 7 m 3 W2 ;
K A4

W 4 L ?-G x SK

L 5 "-/ %5 W /
?

A5 "?

b =O 7 zK
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%y x &

K
K7:K P @ "4$ dW 74%

.? _ ! N j & @
'/ @

A d7 O"'

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[7; b "2 d "K

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51

-4-G

A5 "? IJ _K7:K
)

f
l '( K I0

( d

4/C = K d" K

Jf7-G

3 W2 ;

3 W2 ; W/

N 7'/ lD ; K "4$ d G "D ; [7; b G7

4/C

5 7/ 3

_K7:K
.?K

8
%. )

K #
'U2 "D

VS2 = / _K7:K
W 4 "' *A 3 W2 ;

d0

"K S3 K # d G K

" /1 k P

4/C= K

?#"K 1

U4
_'/

4k

"K

7/ "K

b d

%; _'/

:-.K 3 W2 ;

> O "/ #O @

W '>D"K

Lo G RrG W4 "K
7-

>4 K

d .

Nk K
G

> O =7 J

7 > O = 7

=7 P G9 "G 45 7 7+

G 8X
=O

d74-./ # U = k d744 "K SK


U

D = 7

( W N

W / "K
w

b=K 3=

b;

74'>D"K K 74 K W4 "K
K

4/C = K

D K d G SG
> O =7 K

W4 "K -4-G 3 W2 ;

| '

>(

0 3

Jf7-G 0 ' dW4 "K 7 +

G
"/ #O P

:-.K 3

"' *2 d G 45 (

/C _?. D

" 9$K @ "A

0 '; ! 7

\ b K g'
>O =

0 U ) d7

L #O W 4 "K -4-G

) dW4 "K

>O =

N dW "K "/ #O

4/C = K

=7

4/C = K

D $K A

%$ =7 @

) D )
Lo G

"/ #O

G "/ #O

QD

G "A 1 D % J _ /

AvK

. " AvK w X

4/C= K "
| / #O W -D # ?K

" N R+ d @ G"K *+ = AK

G "? 8 = v P 1 D -K "-3 45 ( w

W4 "K x 7
K

3 =7

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4/C = K %y

%y = . @

8 "
| / #O = v
y 'K w

5"K K "/ #O w

74 "'

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7)

=7 *2 d G embodied consciousness L7KO =7


D %

01 -.K

y 'K x & @ K

y 'K = / @ K

='

=O W

K O dW 4 "K -4-G > O =7 @

( "/ #O "G 45 D $K " %K

744 "K -4-G "/ #O @

"K9 _%4( =O = 7 K 74 "K


.

G w P W 4 "K R?

W N # K W 4 "K L ?-G

VS2 = /

W 5 S3

4/C = K 74 "'
G

K ) S3

3 %; V S2 7 73 = k

lK 12 K

g' x & @ K dW '>D"K

> O =7 K O

3 G"K A5O
d7 O"K P'

"K A dW N "A 3 W2 ;

W'>D"K

K7:K @ "A

K \ X x & @ 'U2 "D

4/C= K = '/ d K | .?K 73 ) (

W % "+ 3 W2 ; =O 0@ 2 @ W
N = /C

Gw

3 W2 ; 'U2 "D

G 45 D $K -3 G lG G = D . D 4/C

K7:K

( )7 73

'/

%y

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( W/ ) N = /C

.?K " P5 3

*#"'

K 5

'/ G7

W4 "K P5 K "2 d G L75 L

> . 0'

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74 "K + K

W4 "K S3 >4

d74 ' "b "A5

d K

y 'K

G "-3 45 D $K "g 3 W2 ; -4-G


A dW4 "' -4-G
>O K = k

3 W2 ;

( Mb

G ?K 3 W2 ;
G W2 ;

(
(
&

A5 G7
7X 678

5"K -5 *# 4 0 ;
7

( /678

$ = AK

A5

7 74-./ 6 8 ) g 7X K ) /

7 #"K "AG
52

R+

7 "K M? K W/ " # "%. Q

G7

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l

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G

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|.2

678 K K 745 ZC
74 "' 7X

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U- P

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%A dW 4 "K !

+ G7
K

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6 8 "A 7 744 "K =

/ .? d7 5 W-3 ( P

M( W/ ) N
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0'

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/ .?

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SK "G 45 D $K
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$b P

7G

U- P

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+ dW 5

7X
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d744 =

7X w X
1kP 7

W/ .? w

745 6 8 "N'/ J X ;
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x

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745 6 8 9'(

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2

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7 74 "K W/ D
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+i3

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$-K

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9
l '; G7

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& "; '-( "N4/ D

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G7

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=m5

G ) N "%. "
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G 7:-$K G7

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conceptual "K >?K ) >X & ( =O 0 L


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74 "K "& " #"%. "? ) 1 ) N L


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G L75 " # "%. w;

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# = k d . =75 '(

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7X

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+

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K

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54

*+ '( l C = @ "4$
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7 = AK 7 O"K ] + .?

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Michael Dummett

74 "K Q 5 .?K w

5 Mb 678 5 _ k >k

.?K P
G L7 G k

'(

b "4$

"-3 45 D $K ) 4$K

/ k # G7

N )> @

= k

+ 75 =

v '(

/C _?. D ) 4$K

b 7 75

'(

b )> @ K

#"K @ 678 5

. K Z .X

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W4 @ X

*+ '(

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7 75

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@ L *2 d 7 - 2

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G 4$K

75 = @ )1 k

W 4 "K .? K "-b

G -. W/
4

". 75

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G "?-4K " #"%. R+


W. 2

D 678 5

678 5 W / u "-b

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.?

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w @

74-./ "A >4

G h b G7

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/

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"K >?K ) / ( l% K > 74

" @ # 75 " @ 7 75 "K >?K & # K W 4 = V -uK

DH

01(

SK

, ' 'H 7 N4 2 :K

?2 uK @

" f A5

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G7
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6QU N9 3-

1 #= b " # 7X

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| 1 #= b 0

G "- .2 A 1 D 8 $K | /C _?. D | h .K _ k >k

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% 8

G L

G ) g 7X W. 2 A 1 D

! " D . D W-. = b @ O

W #"K J A 1 D =O

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74( 3 w @ ; H K 8

G L75 L

/C 1K

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K d ?8

G "A = . d G " 4$K " 1 k = . =

)/ (

"A 1 D -K ) 4%K J @

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G @

75

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G W X

7X J A 1 D

+ f @ A

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)1 # L7; b 75 J A 1 D
G 45=

psychological

b 74

"4/C J A 1 D _S

b .GP 7

KJ
4k

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P1D
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745 "4/C
b

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K

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G7
K

b
W5

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tuvK

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b
74 O"K

b .G P

"4 b "4$ dW

-X

bd

L 9; d7 7

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75 closed -. K W-. G

W/

xb

j & = "K

b h ) 0@f 5 W-. G =
55

W4 DW

( x b psychophysical "
| 4=

) ( 74 b

= #5

"2 $K " ; _S @ ";

'; = "' "A 1 D

d745 x b

G7

A4 = 7 75 "4/C ) K
7

XK

( 1 7 N

[@ X

. f

D = "K 1 d G

h "4/C J A 1 D

d74 "K w

75 0 $K

9
l 8 "G 45=

"4/C K

K
G L -.#

744 "K J %
Mb

! 7

W #"K "4/C

kd

:D "4$ d ./ W/

5 Mb "A 1 D K )

"

G J A 1 D O W / "K h

/C _?. D

75 L

d G J A 1 D Mb

SK

74/ "K s -.# %4( >k

3 L # " # -D

K O

% W 4 "K W/ "4/C

74 "K W .K

" # -D -AK

K " 7 ) / -D

5"K SK = 4;

; _S

L@ W-. = b

W 7 7X

_?G9D

G "A 1 D
Gw

-D # x

b K "4/C ) / -D

J %b "

) / 4K

W/ "4 %

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K ] 7+

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H
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h

= "K

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1 D Q ) J gK

h = "'

"4 %

&

4k

( ) -. W-. G

4k

K 7 5"K .%4K
}

xb

b K

G =O

G K =O @ = b 74
";
% Mb 6 X

=O =

JA1D

A4

1 # L7; b
K

G JA1D 8

"4/C

% 7 -

2 dW 7 "G -G "4 b

Y'/

"4 b ; 'UK W Y r " _u. W

"K K O

= AK 74-. -. "4/C

( "4/C

K '/

( W4

J gK

K = k W 4

& W

"K )

& K

KP ] 7+ W ' =

W. 2 A 1 D "

2 X =O

token physicalism )

W Y r 7X

u. P "4/C

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0 U = "K )

=O " # 7X

K W "K

=O "A 1 D

% )

( "4/C K
%

G 4v

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K W. 2 A 1 D )

W 4 MH

W;P K
%

= b

JA1D K

W - v '/

G L7KO ] + K

2X

*2

K '/ ) "4$ "; W. 2 A 1 D 74 #"K type physicalism ";

-.K O dW / ) . "A 1 D "4/C


G

W 7 "4 =

tuvK = "K =O ) 4%K

7X

K [@ X 0 '

> O W 4 J %b "4 =

3Q

K 7 Y + "4/C

4K

G7

_ ! K

K '/ ) )7X _u. = -

75 W ; P 7 "' L NY / "G 4v

56

"G 4v
G

b
%b

74 "' J %b J X

G =O w

0@ 2 @

@
;

33
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7L

s9 / " 3 7 L

SK

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N9,A- * +

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s9

A5 M| D >(

$& b ) . ?G9D 7 @"' K

A5

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G "G 45 D $K w & 0@ 2 @

G "g

A5 _2m.K 744 "K

G "G 45 D $K wX %K

j S$K "

A5 . G P

4$K 0

74-./ "$

A5 . G P

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4$K

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= 'K
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)

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brain in a vat L '3

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G

W 4 "K

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74 "K :2 K

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l gK
1

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57

)1 k /

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7/ 3"K

L74 O

Nelson Goodman (1906-1998)

45 "-. @ K

7/ 3"K

0 / ) '$K

M( W/ u # K K

K #

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74 "K &

W 7

K W *N :-G
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G 74'v =O A 2 X dW-./ "

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:D :-G W N W "' 1 k / L74 O


W ' -5*# '/

K 7/ "K K 1K

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G L

5 "4( _ H D W4 + ) 9 /

74 j*X

@ >4 _'/ Mb

A5

;E ( . .> + *% *

5) @

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0U

744 "K = 4;

K Y O '/

"( 3 P

"K K O

"X & } K #

K 745 " /C K = /C 7 4 D

W/ D K )

7 L75 L

"K9

0 3 _ k >k

GL

74 D

G
Mb

5 "4( 74 K "H D )74'v

)/

G A5 W4 +

1K _ !

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#"K

1K

Mb

W4 + "$G

2m.K W4 +

=O

_?. D

&\G
+

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"

&0 /7

2m.K = v A d K #

GL

A5 " 8

P5 74 K "H D W

" N2 W4 + W 4 ": "-D $K "


| $b P
5
+

_?. D 74/ FG +

G "- A5 74 K "$ ) /

dW 5 / =O @ W -

) N2 \ G

"

G -5*#

W '$ = AK "2 0 N

= @w

G "-D $K lD 8 w

" O "5

< < J G @ 7$ "2 W 4 =

75 "K / w

# dW / W '$ L74 O

":S4K "-D $K 2 @ K
"4$ 5 ;
=O K

"
| @ ?8

:D "2 d . =O

)1 k K

) + J '-X

75

'/ j
8

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J '-X

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O 7 7+ ) N V 8 W L7 "K " O "? &


5 " O W -?#"K 1%G =O

W / W '$ L74 O
G

A'K A4

3j X0 /= kd G 0 /@
'/ K "-b 74A

G A'K

"N-. " @ J '$-G j ;

G A'K dW 4 V 8

K # d :K

7 3 W2 ; "S K

G A'K

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K d @"K Mb

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5"K

G A'K "4$ d744 Z .X " O

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W '$ 0| 7;

K :-G

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l gK

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J '-X

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K =O \ G

G -5*#
H

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G 1%G V2 "5

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G 1%G 3 Mb

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)1 k

"

A'K " @ 2 @ K V 8

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1%G
5 RrG

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= 4

74

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74 "K SK

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G 4$K "

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744 "K Jf7-G RrG 7 O"K W


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7 #"K

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G -5 ) @O [
A5

GL

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Anthony Flew

58

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Tooke, John Horne,
; or, The Diversions of Purley, vol. 1, London, 1786. Boston, 1806, p. 32.

77

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Ogden, C. K. Benthams Theory of Fictions. London: Routledge, 1932 I 7 N4

78

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Whitehead, A. N., and Bertrand Russell. Pricipia Mathematica, vol. 1. Cambridge, Eng,. 1910, 2nd ed.

7 N4 1

1950, p. 24

79

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Neurath, O., Anti Spengler (Munchen: Georg Calwey, 1921), p.198-9

81

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Quine, From a Logical Point of View, p.20-46.


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88

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G -D *+ 0 U

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97

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Quine, Theories and Things, p.38-42.


"On the very idea of a conceptual scheme", p.189
3
Ibid., p.193-4.
2

102

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Platos dialektische Ethik


First edition (Leipzig: F. Meiner); German reprinting of the first edition (Hamberg: F. Meiner Verlag GmbH.); English
edition (translated and with an introduction by Robert M. Wallace) (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press).
3
Habilitationsschrift
4
commodius vicus
5
Gadamer, Plato's Dialectical Ethics, p.xxxv.
6
Jowett
7
Cherniss
8
John Finley
9
Harry Levin
10
Theodore Spencer
Plato's Philebus (New York: Garland Publishing, 1990) I G L75 v-4K = 4 K "?. D " ( j
N5 J K 11
2

12

S. J. Keeling
University College, London
14
elenchus
Socrates: Ironist and Moral Philosopher (Cambridge University press) I7v k ,, J G Z 13

16

"Plato's Philosopher", The London Review of Books, vol.7, no.14 (1985): 15-17.
I G L7KO C Z =O '( Frankfurter Allgemeine (October 1989)

Gadamer and Hermeneutics, Hugh J. Silverman, ed. (New York: Routledge, 1991).
18
unlimited

116

) %X K @

15

17

19

didactic
Gadamer, Plato's Dialectical Ethics, pp. 1,2.
21
Ibid., p.15.
22
Dialogue and Dialectic; Eight Hermeneutical Studies on Plato (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University press, 1980), pp.
190-91.
23
Gadamer, Truth and Method, p.404.
24
Ibid., p.350.
25
Ibid., p.401.
26
Gadamer, Plato's Dialectical Ethics, p.29.
27
Gadaner, Truth and Method, p. 341.
28
Triangulating the world
20

117

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1

philologist
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d= @ ]Ak = Y'/
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1 Auslegung

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7/ { Auslegung

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subtilitas d W>D subtilitas intelligendi


" = Y'/ 8 $K = @ +

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Auslegung @

4k = v

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subtilitas applicandi d .? explicandi


122

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135

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Cambridge Companion to Heidegger, ed. Charles B. Guignon (Cambridge: Cambridge University press, 1993).
Z- @
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K w d Gadamer, Truth and Method, pp. 307ff. 7 N4

Critical Circle: Literature, History, and Philosophical Hermeneutics (Berkeley: University of California Press,
1978), especially pp. 51-55.
5
Donald Davidson, "Radical Interpretation", in Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation (Oxford: Clarendon Press,
1984), p. 128.
6
Ibid.
Donald Davidson, "Rational Animals", Dialectica 36 (1982): 318-27 ) >D # +
3O 7 N4 )74 w gK = / ) 7
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Donald Davidson, "The Structure and Content of Truth", Journal of Philosophy 88 (June 1990): 309.
Donald Davidson, "Radical Interpretation", p.127.
10
Ibid.
(Being and Time, trans. John Macquarrie and a . 5"K H ; K
)1 k D ] + = 7

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9

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7 Edward Robinson [New York: Harper and Row, 1962], pp. 191-92: German page 150

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Hubert L. Dreyfus, "Holism and Hermeneutics", The Review of Metaphysics 34 (September 1980): 3-23.
Donald Davidson, "The Method of Truth in Metaphysics", in Inquiries into Truth an Interpretation (Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1984), p.200.
14
Donald Davidson, "A Coherence Theory of Truth and Knowledge", in Truth and Interpretation: Perspectives
on the Philosophy of Donald Davidson, ed. Ernest Lepore (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986), p.308.
15
Bjrn T. Ramberg, Donald Davidson's Philosophy of Language: An Introduction (Oxford: Basil Blackwell,
1989), pp.68-69.
16
Heidegger, Being and Time, German page 152.
17
See section 5.2 of Simon Evnine's book, Donald Davidson (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991).
18
Heidegger, Being and Time, German Page 151.
19
Ibid.
20
See Donald Davidson, "The Myth of the Subjective", in Relativism: Interpretation and Confrontation, ed.
Michael Krausz (Notre Dame: Notre Dame University Press, 1989).
21
Donald Davidson, "The Structure and Content of Truth", p.299.
22
Donald Davidson, "The Structure and Content of Truth", p.3o3
23
See Heidegger, Being and Time, German Pages 64-65.
24
Heidegger, Being and Time, German Page 207.
25
See sections 6.6 and 8.3 of Simon Evnine's book, Donald Davidson.
26
See Ian Hacking, Why Does Language Matter to Philosophy? (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975),
and Bjorn Ramberg's Critique in Donald Davidson's Philosophy of Language, p.74.
27
Thomas S. Kuhn, The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change (Chicago: The
University of Chicago Press, 1977), p.xii.
28
Hans-Georg Gadamer, "The University of the Hermeneutical Problem", in Philosophical Hermeneutics, trans.
David E. Linge (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976), p.15.
29
Hans-George Gadamer, Truth and Method, p.361.
30
See Donald Davidson, Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation, p.197.
31
On indeterminacy see Bjorn T. Ramberg, Donald Davidson's Philosophy of Language, pp.93-95.
13

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138

d6 :X

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- L

Austin, J. L., Philosophical Papers, 3rd ed. (Oxford 1979)


_____ , Sense and Sensibilia, edited by G. L. Warnock (Oxford 1962)
_____ , How to Do Things with Words, edited by Urmson and Sbisa (Harvard University
Press, 1962)
Ayer, A. J. (ed.), The Revolution in Philosophy, (London 1956)
Cavell, Stanly, Must We Mean What We Say? (Cambridge 1976)
Coffa, j. A., The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap, (Cambridge 1991), esp. ch. 2.
Dagfinn Fllesdal, Philosophy of Quine, 5vol (New York & London: Garland
Publishing Inc., 2001)
Davidson, Donald, Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation (Oxford: Clarendon Press,
1982)
Flew, A. (ed.), Essays in Conceptual Analysis (London: 1956)
Gibson, Roger F., The Philosophy of Quine: An Expository Essay (University Presses of
Florida, 1982)
Goodman, N., Fact, Fiction and Forecast (Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merril, 1973)
Hahn, L.E. (ed.), The Philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer (La Salle: Open Court, 1997)
Hookway, Christopher, Quine: Language, Experience and Reality (Cambridge: Polity
Press, 1988)
Hudson, L., The Cult of the Fact (London 1972), esp. ch. 2.
Hylton, Peter, Russell, idealism and the Emergence of Analytic Philosophy, (Oxford
1992), esp. parts I,II.
Nagel, Thomas, The View From Nowhere (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986)
Putnam, Hilary, Reason, Truth and History (Cambridge University Press, 1981)
Quine, w.v., From a Logical Point of View (Harvard University Press 1980)
________ , Ontological Relativity and Other Essays (New York: Columbia University
Press 1969)
________ , Theories and Things (Harvard University Press, 1981)
________ , The Ways of Paradox and Other Essays (Harvard University Press, 1976)
________ , Word and Object (The MIT Press, 1960)
Ryle, G., Collected Papers, (London 1971), 2vol.
Skorupski, John, English Language Philosophy 1750-1945, (Oxford 1993), esp. ch. 4-6.
Stroud, Barry, The Significance of Philosophical Skepticism (Oxford: Clarendon Press,
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Strawson, P.F., Individuals: An Essay in Descriptive Metaphysics (London: Methuen,
1959)
Williams, B., Descartes: The Project of Pure Enquiry (1978)

139

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