Sie sind auf Seite 1von 4

KEY

CCGPS Advanced Algebra Unit 4

Newtons Law of Cooling Coffee


Sir Isaac Newton found that the temperature of something heated will cool down at different rates,
depending on the rate of the environment in which it is cooling. The Newtons Law of Cooling
equation was derived based on this function:
() = + (0 ) ,
where T (t) is the temperature of the object at time t, Te is the constant temperature of the
environment, T0 is the initial temperature of the object, and k is a constant that depends on the
material properties of the object.
1. Explain the meaning of each variable in Newtons Law of Cooling. Use the table below.
Newtons Law of Cooling Vocabulary and Variables:
Variable
Variable Defined
(0 )
Sub-Zero almost always means at the beginning. At the first measurement.
T-sub-zero
( )
Temperature of the environment.
T-sub-e
k
The constant of cooling
t
Elapsed time
T(t)
The temperature at any given time.

2. Look at the statement about k. It is saying that k is a constant that depends on the
material. Can you think of two liquids that would cool at different rates? What physical
properties of the two liquids make this happen?
The density of two different materials often determines how fast it cools off-for liquids,
generally thick liquids take longer.
Madison buys a cup of coffee from the Java Coffee Club right before the bell every
morning. The room temperature of the school is always 72. Hot caffeine beverages are
served at 180. She knows after two minutes her coffee will be 150.
3. Madison likes her coffee at 120. How long should she wait before consuming her
beverage?
() = + (0 )
150 = 72 + (180 72) 2
150 72 = (108) 2
78
= 2
108
78
ln (
) = ln( 2 )
108
78
ln (
) = 2
108

Modified from https://www.georgiastandards.org/Common-Core/Common%20Core%20Frameworks/CCGPS_Math_912_AdvancedAlgebra_Unit4.pdf

78
ln (108)

=
2
0.1627112002
() = + (0 )
120 = 72 + (180 72) 0.1627
120 = 72 + (108) 0.1627
48 = (108) 0.1627
48
= 0.1627
108
48
ln (
) = ln( 0.1627 )
108
48
ln (
) = 0.1627
108
48
ln (108)
=
0.1627
4.98 minutes
It will take about five minutes for the coffee to cool down to 120
4. Madison is a teenager and encounters problems daily (hourly). Last week the school
changed the building temperature due to a heat wave. The week before that, the Java
Coffee Club served their hot beverages at 185 to raise awareness for the Thotty
McHotties epidemic. Create a more efficient way for Madison to utilize Newtons Law of
Cooling to meet her morning beverage needs.
Solve the formula for k so that the constant of cooling can be found more efficiently for any
liquid
() = + (0 )
() = (0 )
()
=
(0 )
()
ln (
) = ln( )
(0 )
()
ln (
) =
(0 )
( )
ln ( ( ) )
0

Solve the formula for t so that the elapsed time can be found more efficiently
() = + (0 )
() = (0 )
()
=
(0 )

Modified from https://www.georgiastandards.org/Common-Core/Common%20Core%20Frameworks/CCGPS_Math_912_AdvancedAlgebra_Unit4.pdf

()
) = ln( )
(0 )
()
ln (
) =
(0 )
( )
ln ( ( ) )
0

ln (

Insert formulas into excel document


See excel document
5. This week Madison has a canker sore and cannot consume hot beverages. She would like
her coffee to be 75. How long should she wait? Use your efficient method. (Remember,
the school temperature and Java Coffee Club are back to normal, 72 and 180,
respectively).
k is still 0.1627112002
( )
ln ( ( ) )
0

75 72
ln ((180 72))
=
0.1627
22.03
It will take about 22 minutes
6. Madison has been so involved in the lesson on solving equations with logarithms that 30
minutes have lapsed and she has not taken a sip of her coffee. Is the coffee still at a
temperature worth consuming?
() = + (0 )
(30) = 72 + (180 72) 0.162730
(30) 72.82
After 30 minutes the coffee is approximately 72.8. Madison can still consume the coffee. It is
only a couple of degrees below her preferred temperature.
Boiling Water is 212 at sea level and left in a 70 room. After 5 minutes it is 180.
7. What is the constant of cooling?
=

( )
ln ( ( ) )
0

180 70
ln ((212 70))
=
5
0.05107
Modified from https://www.georgiastandards.org/Common-Core/Common%20Core%20Frameworks/CCGPS_Math_912_AdvancedAlgebra_Unit4.pdf

8. How long will it take to have it cool to 98?


( )
ln ( ( ) )
0

98 70
ln ((212 70))
=
.05107
31.79
It will take approximately 32 minutes for the water to cool to 98
9. Heating is cooling in reverse. Use the same constant K as in #7. If an ice cube is placed in
the same room, how long will it take to become 50? (Presume the ice is 32 when
frozen).
()
ln (
)
(0 )
=

50 70
ln ((32 70))
=
.05107
12.57
It will take the ice cube approximately 12.57 minutes to become 50.

Modified from https://www.georgiastandards.org/Common-Core/Common%20Core%20Frameworks/CCGPS_Math_912_AdvancedAlgebra_Unit4.pdf

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen