DRAUGHTING

Drawing-an universal language

Technical drawing used by designers
Graphical representation of ideas and objects
Common rules and standards

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Archana Sreedharan

ARCHITECTURAL
DRAUGHTING
Pictorial images of buildings, interiors, details or
other items that need to be built.
Drawn to scale, accurate measurements and
detailed information

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Archana Sreedharan

Drawings include site plan,

floor plans, elevations, sections,
details, ceiling plans,finish schedules
and mechanical information such
as electrical, plumbing, air-conditioning
and heating plans.

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Archana Sreedharan

TYPES OF DRAUGHTING
I. TECHNICAL SKETCH
II. MECHANICAL DRAUGHTING
I. COMPUTER AIDED DRAUGHTING-CAD

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Archana Sreedharan

I. TECHNICAL SKETCH
Used during the development of ideas for initial
or primary plans.
Quick and accurate sketches to convey design
ideas to others.

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Archana Sreedharan

TECHNICAL SKETCH
Sketch is a free drawing(IT IS NOT ALWAYS)
Sketch on graph paper to take advantage of
the lined squares
Sketch on plain paper with/without the aid
of drawing instruments.

6/28/2015 4:31 PM

Archana Sreedharan

TECHNICAL SKETCH
Drawn without mechanical aid like t-scales,
set -squares, compass
But drawn to scale and contain a variety of
line weights and line styles.

Grid paper becomes the guide helping to

keep the lines straight.
6/28/2015 4:31 PM

Archana Sreedharan

MECHANICAL DRAUGHTING
Refined style of drawing guided by t-scales,
set squares, compass and French curves.
Developed only after the conceptual stage is
completed and design is finalized.

6/28/2015 4:31 PM

Archana Sreedharan

MECHANICAL DRAUGHTING
Consists of exterior/interior plans,
elevations, sections, architectural features,
detailed structural elements, electrical and
mechanical systems, furnishings.

6/28/2015 4:31 PM

Archana Sreedharan

COMPUTER DRAUGHTING
Drafted documents prepared on a
computer are called as CAD.
Quick drafting and alterations.

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Archana Sreedharan

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COMPUTER DRAUGHTING
Speed of revisions
Reprinting, easily stored electronically
Shipped to other designers for revisions

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Archana Sreedharan

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A technical sketch gives an idea that the

design is still being developed while a
mechanically drafted or CAD
implies an advanced state of planning and
gives the impression the design has been
finalized.

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Archana Sreedharan

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TYPES OF PAPER
GRAPH SHEET-used as the base,
for planning, drawing, rough design
sketching, technical sketches.
BUTTER SHEET-sketching and
developing ideas, initial and
preliminary layouts, space planning.
GATEWAY SHEET- Reproductions,
pukka draughting /drawing
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Archana Sreedharan

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CHART DIMENSIONS
Standard paper sizes used by printers:
A0- 841 x 1189mm
A1- 594 x 841mm
A2- 420 x 594mm
A3- 297 x 420mm
A4- 210 x 297mm

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Archana Sreedharan

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LINE WEIGHT

Line weight is the light or darkness and

width of a line.
Typically three kinds of LW-light, medium,
bold.
Guidelines-page layout
Borderlines-framing the page
Best way to create consistent line weight
and line quality is to keep the pencil/pen
perpendicular to the drawing surface.
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Archana Sreedharan

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LINES AND LINE QUALITY

GUIDELINES
4H to 6H pencil
Very light, almost invisible
Used to layout the page,
create the initial shapes
and provide guide for
lettering heights.
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Archana Sreedharan

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BOLD LINES
Soft B to 2B pencil(0.7mm)
Very dark and thick width
Used for walls in floor plans, outline
around the perimeter of elevation and 3d
objects.

6/28/2015 4:31 PM

Archana Sreedharan

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MEDIUM LINES
HB pencil(0.5mm)
Used for furniture drawings in floor plans,
text inside the objects in elevation and 3D
views

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Archana Sreedharan

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LIGHT LINES
H to 2H pencil(0.3mm)
Used for action lines(door swings in plan
view, hinge direction in elevation)
information lines(dimension line, center
line, section lines etc.)
fill patterns(specific symbols for materials)
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Archana Sreedharan

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BORDER LINES
2B to 4B pencil(0.7-0.9mm)
Dark and twice as thick as bold lines
Used for margin on sheet, title border
information lines(dimension line, center line,
section lines etc.)
fill patterns(specific symbols for materials)
BORDER LINES SHOULD BE THE LAST
LINE DRAWN ON SHEET
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Archana Sreedharan

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VARIOUS GRADES

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LINE TYPES
SOLID LINE to indicate visible objects,
leader lines and dimension lines
DASHED LINE used for hidden objects
(hidden parts objects below or behind
an object)
These lines should be in contact at corners
and when perpendicular to another line.
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Archana Sreedharan

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LEADER LINE
used to connect notes, references to objects
or lines in a drawing
start in a solid line and ends with an arrow
can be drawn at an angle or curved

BREAK LINES
Used when extents of a drawing cannot fit
on the paper
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Archana Sreedharan

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CENTER LINE
used to indicate center of a plan, object,
circle, etc.
If two center lines intersect use short dashes
at the intersection.

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Archana Sreedharan

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SECTION LINE
Used to show a cutaway view of
a floor plan
The direction of the arrows shows
the direction of the section view

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Archana Sreedharan

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DIMENSION STYLE

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PENCIL RENDERING

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WATER COLOUR RENDERING

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COLOUR PENCIL RENDERING

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CRAYON RENDERING

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