Correlation and

regression

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IKK-FKUI

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Correlation
Statistical

Association or relationship
between two variables
Positive

correlation between Age and Blood

Pressure the older people tend to have
higher BP than young people

How

two continuous variables are

related?
Positive

or Negative
Ho : two variables continuous are not related
Hi : two variables continuous are related
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Regression
Provides

a method for describing the

relationship between two variables
GRE

scores and grade receives in graduate

school? GRE as predictor of grade in
graduate school
Predictor?

Life expectancy predicted from

Body

weight
Blood Pressure
Age
Cholesterol level and
Other parameter
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Correlation and regression

Y

= a+bX
Y axis = dependent variables or predicted
variables
X axis = independent variables
Determining regression line
a

= Y intercept, value of Y if X=0, point where the

line crosses the y axis
Positive

; when the line crosses above X axis

Negative ; when the line crosses below X axis

b = slope; the amount of Y change of 1 in the value

of X
b

positive Y increases when the X increases

b negative
Y decreases when the X increases
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Y = a + bx

b
a

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Y = a + bx
y=1 + 2x

y=-1 + 2x
3
2

y=2

1
0

-1
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Type A (n=16)

Type B (n=17)

Age

Resting BP

Age

Resting BP

40

128

60

140

53

127

32

153

35

141

59

159

50

151

47

192

40

149

58

148

47

162

34

106

54

156

27

113

49

142

25

110

36

126

33

120

36

121

43

97

35

115

34

113

62

113

41

135

42

116

26

125

27

100

38

132

37

108

23

124

33

110

20

95

24

104

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Age and resting

blood pressure
by personality
type A&B

y=a+bx
Mean

=
xn mean age = 42.5
yn mean BP = 129.6

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Sum of square

Is

used as indicator , how well the

regression line fits the data
(x1y1)-{x1y1} / n
byx
(x1)2 - (x1)2/ n

(x1y1) =x1y1+x2y2+x3y3 +xnyn

x1.y1 =(x1+x2+x3+xn)(y1+y2+y3+.yn
(x1)2 =(x1+x2+x3=..xn)2
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Sample variance = S2
(x1-x)

(x1) -(x1) 2/n

S2 =

=
n-1

n-1

(x1)2 -(x1) 2 /n
=

(n-1)S2

n-1
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Sum of square

Is

used as indicator , how well the

regression line fits the data
byx =

(x1y1)-{x1y1} / n
(n-1)S2

A=74 , b=1.4 Berapa BP untuk age 30

tahun?
Y1 =74 + 1.4 (30) = 116

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SPSS
Analisis

regressi dilakukan dengan

memilih menu Analyze:
Regression
Linear...
Garis regresi
Scatter : Graphs pilih scatter plot
Analyze:
Regression
Curve estimation ...
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Scatter
170

Rest Blood Pressure type A personality

160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
20

30

40

50

60

70

age type A personality

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Garis regresi
Rest Blood Pressure type A personality
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100

Observed

90

Linear

20

30

40

50

60

70

age type A personality

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Korelasi

Korelasi adalah pengukuran hubungan linier antara 2

variabel.
Koefisien korelasi berkisar antara -1 s/d 1.
Prosedur penghitungan korelasi;
Mulai dengan menu Analyze
Pilih Correlate dan terdapat 3 pilihan (1) Bivariate,
(2) Partial, and (3) Distances.
Korelasi bivariat dipakai hanya untuk 2 variabel
Korelasi partial untuk pengukuran hubungan 2
variabel tetapi memperhitungkan satu atau lebih
faktor lain.
Analyze
Correlate
Bivariate...

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Hasil SPSS
Correlations

age type A personality

age type B personality

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Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N

age type A
personality
1.000
.
16
.040
.884
16

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age type B
personality
.040
.884
16
1.000
.
17

16

Descriptive Statistics
age type A personality
Rest Blood Pressure
type A personality

Mean
42.25

Std. Deviation
9.35

129.06

18.90

N
16
16

Correlations

age type A personality

Rest Blood Pressure

type A personality

Pearson Correlation
Sig. (1-tailed)
N
Pearson Correlation
Sig. (1-tailed)
N

age type A
personality
1.000
.
16
.440*
.044
16

Rest Blood
Pressure type
A personality
.440*
.044
16
1.000
.
16

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (1-tailed).

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Descriptive Statistics
age type A personality
Rest Blood Pressure
type A personality

Mean
42.25

Std. Deviation
9.35

129.06

18.90

N
16
16

Correlations

age type A personality

Rest Blood Pressure

type A personality

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Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N

age type A
personality
1.000
.
16
.440
.088
16

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Rest Blood
Pressure type
A personality
.440
.088
16
1.000
.
16

18

Variables Entered/Removedb
Model
1

Rest Blood
Pressure type
A personality

Sig. (1-tailed)

Variables
Removed

Method
.

Enter

a. All requested variables entered.

b. Dependent Variable: Rest Blood
Pressure type A personality

Correlations

Pearson Correlation

Variables
Entered
age type Aa
personality

Rest Blood Pressure

type A personality
age type A personality
Rest Blood Pressure
type A personality
age type A personality
Rest Blood Pressure
type A personality
age type A personality

age type A
personality

1.000

.440

.440

1.000

.044

.044

16

16

16

16
Model Summary

Model
1

R
.440a

R Square
.194

Adjusted
R Square
.136

Std. Error of
the Estimate
17.56

a. Predictors: (Constant), age type A personality

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ANOVAb
Model
1

Regression
Residual
Total

Sum of
Squares
1038.372
4318.566
5356.938

df
1
14
15

Mean Square
1038.372
308.469

F
3.366

Sig.
.088a

a. Predictors: (Constant), age type A personality

b. Dependent Variable: Rest Blood Pressure type A personality

Coefficientsa

Model
1

(Constant)
age type A personality

Unstandardized
Coefficients
B
Std. Error
91.461
20.959
.890
.485

Standardi
zed
Coefficien
ts
Beta

t
4.364
1.835

.440

a. Dependent Variable: Rest Blood Pressure type A personality

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Sig.
.001
.088

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Simple Scatterplot

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Simple scatterplot

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Have you ever been this

tired???

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UJI BIVARIAT KORELASI

NUMERIK VS NUMERIK
H1:

Terdapat hubungan antara

usia dengan BB
Uji KORELASI koefisien
korelasi (r)
PARAMETRIK

:
Pearson correlation (rp)
NON-PARAMETRIK:
Spearman rank test (rs)
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PENILAIAN UJI KORELASI

1. Arah hubungan

Negatif (meniadakan)
Positif (menguatkan)

2. Kuat hubungan kriteria WHO (r)

< 0,25
0,25-0,5
0,5-0,7
> 0,7

: sangat lemah
: cukup
: kuat
: sangat kuat

3. Kemaknaan
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CONTOH UJI KORELASI

H1: Usia menarche anak berhubunan dg IMT
Bivariat: usia menarche (numerik), IMT (numerik)
Distribusi: Uji KS tidak normal
Uji statistik Korelasi Spearman rank test , =0,05
Koefisien korelasi rs: -0,184 p =0,103
1.
Arah hubungan: negatif
2.
Kuat hubungan: tidak ada hubungan
3.
Kemaknaan: tidak bermakna

Kesimpulan: H1 ditolak: usia menarche tidak

berhubungan dengan IMT
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Correlations
Spearman's rho

US_MENA

BMI

Correlation Coefficient
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
Correlation Coefficient
Sig. (2-tailed)
N

US_MENA
1.000
.
80
-.184
.103
80

BMI
-.184
.103
80
1.000
.
80

15

14

13

12

11

US_ MENA

10

9
8

Rsq = 0.0290

10

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BMI

20

30

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40

28

Correlations

Umur

Total skor pengetahuan 2

Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N

Umur
1.000
.
200
.144*
.042
200

Total skor
pengetahuan
2
.144*
.042
200
1.000
.
200

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

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