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The current flowing into the capacitor is the rate of change of the charge across the
capacitor plates dq /i dt = . And thus we have,
The presence of time in the characteristic equation of the capacitor introduces new
and exciting behavior of the circuits that contain them. Note that for DC (constant in
time) signals ( 0 dv/ dt = ) the capacitor acts as an open circuit (i=0). Also note the
capacitor does not like voltage discontinuities since that would require that the
current goes to infinity which is not physically possible. If we integrate Equation
(1.5) over time we have