18

Process Economics

Table 2.1

Typical equipment capacity delivered capital cost correlations.

Equipment

Agitated reactor
Pressure vessel
Distillation column
(Empty shell)
Sieve trays
(10 trays)
Valve trays
(10 trays)
Structured packing
(5 m height)
Scrubber
(Including random
packing)
Cyclone
Vacuum lter
Dryer
Shell-and-tube heat
exchanger
Air-cooled heat
exchanger
Centrifugal pump
(Small, including
motor)
Centrifugal pump
(Large, including
motor)
Compressor
(Including motor)
Fan
(Including motor)
Vacuum pump
(Including motor)
Electric motor
Storage tank
(Small atmospheric)
Storage tank
(Large atmospheric)
Silo
Package steam boiler
(Fire-tube boiler)
Field erected
steam boiler
(Water-tube boiler)
Cooling tower
(Forced draft)

Material of
construction

Capacity
measure

Base size
QB

Base cost
CB ($)

Size
range

Cost exponent
M

CS
SS
CS

Volume (m3 )
Mass (t)
Mass (t)

1
6
8

1.15 104
9.84 104
6.56 104

150
6100
8300

0.45
0.82
0.89

CS

Column
diameter (m)
Column
diameter (m)
Column
diameter (m)
Volume (m3 )

0.5

6.56 103

0.54.0

0.91

0.5

1.80 104

0.54.0

0.97

0.5

1.80 104

0.54.0

1.70

0.1

4.92 103

0.120

0.53

0.4
10
700

1.64 103
8.36 104
2.30 105

0.43.0
1025
7003000

1.20
0.49
0.65

80

3.28 104

804000

0.68

200

1.56 105

2002000

0.89

1.97 103

110

0.35

Power (kW)

9.84 103

4700

0.55

Power (kW)

250

9.84 104

25010,000

0.46

CS

Power (kW)

50

1.23 104

50200

0.76

CS

Power (kW)

10

1.10 104

1045

0.44

Power (kW)
Volume (m3 )

10
0.1

1.48 103
3.28 103

10150
0.120

0.85
0.57

Volume (m3 )

1.15 104

5200

0.53

60
50,000

1.72 104
4.64 105

60150
50,000350,000

0.70
0.96

20,000

3.28 105

10,000800,000

0.81

10

4.43 103

1040

0.63

CS
SS (low
grade)
SS (low
grade)
CS
CS
SS (low
grade)
CS
CS

SS (high
grade)
CS

SS (low
grade)
CS
CS
CS

CS

Diameter (m)
Filter area (m2 )
Evaporation rate
(kg H2 Oh1 )
Heat transfer
area (m2 )
Plain tube heat
transfer
area (m2 )
Power (kW)

Volume (m3 )
Steam
generation
(kgh1 )
Steam
generation
(kgh1 )
Water owrate
(m3 h1 )

CS = carbon steel; SS (low grade) = low-grade stainless steel, for example, type 304; SS (high grade) = high-grade stainless steel, for example, type 316