Sensors,

Brakes,

Engine,

Fuel,

Electricity & Electronics, Vehicle Types, #

Transmission, * (Department, Agency, Society)

#The term used describe a two-wheel drive vehicle. The

4x2
4x2
4x4

Four by two

#The term used describe a four-wheel drive vehicle. The

Four by four

4x4
4WAL
4WAL

"4" indicates the number of wheels of the vehicle and the

"2" indicates the number of wheels that are driven by
engine.

4 Wheel Anti Lock
brake

()

first "4" indicates the number of wheels of the vehicle and

the second "4" indicates the number of wheels that are
driven by engine.

#4WD is a system in which the engine's power is (or can

4WD

4WD

Four-wheel drive

be) transmitted to all four wheels through a two-speed

transfer case and drive axles. The transfer case's main
function is to provide a gear-reduction feature and the
ability to shift the vehicle into four-wheel "Low" range,
which is designed for severe conditions such as pulling
through heavy snow or mud, or slowly climbing up (or
inching down) a backwoods hunting trail.
A method of driving a vehicle by applying engine torque to
all four wheels. Various schemes are used for 4WD
including part-time, full-time and variable four-wheel drive.
The primary advantage of four-wheel drive is increased
tractionwhich is especially useful for off-road excursions
or severe weather driving, but is of little practical value for
normal driving. Because of the added friction in the
drivetrain, a four-wheel drive vehicle typically gets
significantly lower fuel mileage than a front- or rear-wheel
drive vehicle. To help cut the drag, most 4WD drivetrains
have a transfer case that allows the driver to select either
two- or four-wheel drive depending on driving conditions.
In trucks, youll often find locking hubs on the front wheels
that can be locked in the "on" or free-wheeling position as
needed. Some performance cars have full-time variable
four-wheel drive and use a computer-controlled transfer
case to route power between the wheels

A
A
A
AAA
AAA
ABS

Ampere

American Automobile
Association

Antilock braking
system

Unit of measuring the electric current

ABS
AC
AC
ACC
ACC

Alternating Current

Adaptive Cruise
A radar sensor is linked to the ECU which slows the
vehicle and brakes if necessary.
Control

A/C

Air Conditioner

A/C
AFV
AFV

Alternative fuel vehicle

Automated guided
vehicle

AGV
AGV

AH

AH

AHC
AHC
AMT
AMT
ANC
ANC
API

Ampere-Hour

A system that cools and dehumidifies air entering the

passenger compartment. The system uses a refrigerant to
cool the air and carry heat away from the passenger
compartment. Major system components include a
compressor, condenser, evaporator, accumulator or
receiver/dryer, and orifice tube or expansion valve. Do not
intermix different types of refrigerants in an A/C system.
Use the type specified by the vehicle manufacturer (R12
for most 1994 & older vehicles, or R134a for most 1995
and newer vehicles). See also Retrofit.

A unit of electrical capacity. Tells you how much power

the battery will store. Current multiplied by time in hours
equals ampere-hours. A current of one amp for one hour
would be one amp-hour; a current of 3 amps for 5 hours
would be 15 AH CRLF.
Ampere-Hour rating: is the amount of steady current that
a fully charged battery can supply for 20 hours at 26.7 oC
without the cell voltage falling below 1.75 volts or 10.5
volts at terminals.

.
1 . .
5 3 . - 1
. - 15
-
: -
26.7 20
1.75
. 10.5
AHC systems exist under many trade names,
including Electronic Height Control (EHC), Variable
Active Height Control
Ride-Height Suspension (VRHS), and pneumatic
suspension systems.

Automated Manual
Transmission

Active noise control

American Petroleum
Institute

API

Automotive Service
Excellence

ASE
ASE

*ASE is a nonprofit, nonaffiliated organization

formed to help assure the highest standards in
automotive service. It directs an organized program
of self-improvement.

Acceleration slip
regulation
See also Traction Control System (TCS)
Automatic slip
regulation

Automatic Tire
Inflation System

ASR

ASR
ATIS
ATIS

Automatic
fluid

ATF

A special kind of oil for use in automatic transmissions.

There are several types: Dexron II, Dexron III, Type F,
Mercon, Mercon V, Chrysler 7176 and several varieties of
Chrysler ATF-Plus. All are "friction-modified" lubricants
except Type F. Dexron II and Mercon have similar additive
packages as do Dexron III and Mercon V. Even so, use
only the type of ATF specified by the vehicle
manufacturer. Using the wrong type of ATF can cause
transmission problems. If you do not know what type of
fluid the transmission takes, READ THE OWNERS
transmission MANUAL! Some dipsticks are also marked as to the type
of ATF required. "Universal" ATF fluids are available that
supposedly meet the OEM requirements for many frictionmodified applications, but make sure the label says it
meets the specific vehicle requirements before using. The
newer ATFs such as Dexron III and Mercon V are longer
lived than earlier ATFs, but can still oxidize if the
transmission runs too hot. Trailer towing is especially hard
on ATF unless the transmission is equipped with an
auxiliary oil cooler. Recommended change interval for
older vehicles is every 24,000 to 30,000 miles. For newer
vehicles, see the owners manual.

All-terrain vehicle

ATF
ATV
ATV

#A vehicle (usually a car) where all four wheels are

AWD

All wheel drive

AWD

driven. Most are fulltime systems for year-round driving,

and use a viscous fluid coupling center differential instead
of a transfer case to route drive torque to all four wheels.
This allows the front and rear wheels to turn at slightly
different speeds when turning on dry pavement.

B
BA
BA

Brake Assist
)(

which automatically applies full braking power

when a panic stop is sensed via rapid pedal
movement, such as when the driver stabs the brakes.

BDC
BDC
BHP
BHP
BJI
BJI

Bottom dead center

Brake horse power

Ball joint inclination

BMEP
(bmep)

Brake mean effective

pressure

BMEP
(pmep)
BPMV
BPMV
BTU
BTU

A term relating to the pressure in the cylinder

calculated form the horsepower reading on a
dynamometer.

.
Brake pressure
modulator valve

The amount of heat required to raise 1 pound of

British thermal unit
water 1 F at sea level
1 1

CCA

Cold Cranking Amps

CCA

Cold Cranking Amps is a rating used in the battery

industry to define a battery's ability to start an engine
in cold temperatures. The rating is the number of
amps a new, fully charged battery can deliver at 0
Farenheit for 30 seconds, while maintaining a
voltage of at least 7.2 volts, for a 12 volt battery. The
higher the CCA rating, the greater the starting power
of the battery.
A family of manmade chemicals containing chlorine that
include R12 automotive air conditioning refrigerant. CFCs
have been blamed for a deterioration of the Earths
protective ozone layer. CFCs have been phased out of
production by international agreement.

CFCs

Chlorofluorocarbons

CFCs
CG
CG
CI
CI
CNG
CNG
CO

Center of gravity

Compression ignition

Compressed natural gas

A deadly gas that results from the incomplete burning of
Carbon Monoxide

gasoline inside the engine, carbon monoxide is

considered to be a serious air pollutant. You cant see it or
smell it, but it can kill in very small concentrations.
Because of this you should never run an engine inside a
closed garage. Various means are used to reduce the
amount of CO produced by an engine, and primary

among these is the catalytic converter. The converter

"reburns" CO in the exhaust and converts it into harmless
carbon dioxide.

CO
COP
COP

A type of distributorless ignition system where individual

Coil-On-Plug ignition ignition coils are mounted directly over each spark plug.
No spark plug wires are used.

The camshaft position sensor monitors engine speed

and piston position. These input signals to the ECM are
used to control fuel injection, ignition timing and other
functions. The camshaft position sensor has a rotor plate
and a wave-forming circuit. The rotor plate has 360 slits
for a 1(POS) signal and 6 slits for a 120(REF) signal.

CPS

Camshaft (or
Crankshaft) Position
Sensor

The wave-forming circuit consists of Light Emitting

Diodes (LED) and photo diodes. The rotor plate is
positioned between the LED and the photo diode.
The LED transmits light to the photo diode. As the
rotor plate turns, the slits cut the light to generate
rough-shaped pulses. These pulses are converted into
on-off signals by the wave-forming circuit and sent
to the ECM.

CPS

CTS

CTS

CUV

Coolant temperature
sensor

The engine coolant temperature sensor is used to detect

the engine coolant temperature. The sensor modifies a
voltage signal from the ECM. The modified signal returns
to the ECM as the engine coolant temperature input. The
sensor uses a thermistor that is sensitive to the change in
temperature. The electrical resistance of the thermistor
decreases as temperature increases.

Crossover Utility
Vehicle

A crossover SUV (also called CUV for Crossover

Utility Vehicle) or XUV is an automobile with a
sport utility vehicle appearance but is built upon a
more economical and fuel-efficient car-based
platform.

CUV
#A Constant Velocity Joint is one that provides consistent
CV
joint
(1)
CV
joint
(1)
CV
(2)
CV
(2)

Constant velocity joint

()
Commercial vehicles

()

driveshaft speeds regardless of the operating angle of the

joint. CV joints are used primarily in on the driveshafts of
front-wheel drive vehicles, and they come in two basic
varieties: the Rzeppa ball type joints (which youll find on
the outer end of the driveshaft) and tripod joints (which
are used on the inner end).

Continuously variable
#
transmission

CVT
CVT

D
DC
DC
DD
DD
DIS

Direct current

Direct Drive
(transmission)
( )
Distributor-less ignition An ignition system that does not use a distributor to route
high voltage to the spark plugs. The high voltage plug wire
system
runs directly from the ignition coil to the spark plug. Some
DIS systems have one coil for every two spark plugs (a
shared system), while others have a separate coil for
each spark plug (See Coil-On-Plug Ignition). Eliminating
the distributor makes the system more reliable and
eliminates maintenance.

DIS
DIY job
DIY jog
DMM
DMM
DMV
DMV
DOD
DOD
DOE
DOE
DOHC
DOHC
DOT
DOT
DOT 3,
DOT 4,
DOT 5

do-it-yourself job

Digital multi meter
Also, called digital volt/ohmmeter (DVOM).

Department of Motor
Vehicles

()
Displacement on
Cylinder Deactivation, Multiple Displacement
demand
System (MDS), or Variable Cylinder Management.

Department of Energy *The U.S. Department of Energy

Dual over head cam

Department of
*The U.S. Department of Transportation
Transportation

DOT 3 BRAKE FLUID; Brake fluid that meets the
Department of Transportation specifications for glycol
based fluids with a wet boiling point (lowest allowable
after its been in use) of 284 degrees F. and a dry boiling
point of 401 degrees F. DOT 3 fluid is the type commonly
specified by most vehicle manufacturers. Because it is
glycol based, it absorbs moisture over time (hygroscopic).
This lowers its effective boiling point and promotes
internal corrosion in the brake system. For this reason, the
brake fluid should be replaced periodically (every two
years is recommended by many experts) and every time
the brakes are relined or serviced.

DOT 4 BRAKE FLUID; A "heavy-duty" glycol based

brake fluid with a slightly higher wet boiling point of 311
degrees F. and a dry boiling point of 446 degrees. This
type of fluid is sometimes specified for performance
vehicles or those subject to high brake temperatures.
DOT 5 BRAKE FLUID; A silicone based fluid that
does not absorb moisture and has a boiling point of at
least 500 degrees F. DOT 5 fluid does not have to be
changed periodically and can minimize brake system
corrosion, but is very expensive compared to DOT 3 or
DOT 4 fluid (it costs three to five times as much). It will not
mix with DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid. DOT 5 is NOT
recommended for any vehicle with ABS brakes because it
tends to aerate when cycled rapidly through small orifices.

DOT 3,
DOT 4,
DOT5
DSC
DSC
DSG

DSG
DTCs

Dynamic Stability
Control

Direct Shift Gearbox #The DSG removes the clutch pedal and associated
operation, and places it under the control of computer
chips and hydraulic servos. When left in full auto
mode, it's as smooth as or smoother than any
conventional automatic.

Diagnostic trouble cods Computerized engine control systems have a certain
amount of built-in self-diagnostic capability to detect
problems that affect engine performance and emissions.
The same is true for the antilock brake system and other
onboard systems that are computer controlled. When a
fault is detected, the computer will store a diagnostic
trouble code in its memory and illuminate the "Check
Engine" light. On some vehicles, the computer can be put
into a special diagnostic mode by grounding certain
terminals on a diagnostic connector. This will cause the
Check Engine or other lights to flash out the fault code.
On many vehicles, though, a scan tool must be plugged
into the computer system to access and read the codes.

DTCs

)(

E
EBD
EBD
ECB
ECB
ECT
ECT

Electronic brake-force
which automatically applies more braking power to
distribution
the wheels with the best grip.

Electronically
controlled brakes

Engine coolant
Engine coolant temperature sensor. Also called
temperature
coolant temperature sensor (CTS).

ECU
ECU
eCVT

eCVT
EDCU
EDCU
EDTC

EDTC
EFI

Electronic control unit

Electronically
The eCVT in the hybrid car is integral with the
controlled,
generator motor. It harnesses internal combustion and
continuously variable
electric power sources to drive the wheels.
transmission


Electronic diesel
control unit

Engine drag traction

EDTC prevents excessive slip of the driven wheels
control
due to engine drag torque (engine brake). This may
occur when driving on slippery road surface if the
driver change to lower gear or suddenly lifts his foot
off the throttle.
.............
Abbreviation for Electronic Fuel Injection. This type of
Electronic fuel
system
uses computer-controlled fuel injectors to spray
injection
fuel into the engine rather than mechanically controlled
injectors or a carburetor. EFI comes in several varieties:
"throttle body injection" (See TBI), "multi-port injection"
(See MFI or PFI) or Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI).
Electronic fuel injection is considered to be superior to
carburetion because it allows more precise fuel metering
for easier starting, lower emissions, better fuel economy
and performance.

EFI
EGO

EGO
EGR

Exhaust Gas Oxygen
The EGO sensor is mounted in the exhaust system
Sensor
upstream of the catalyst. It detects excess oxygen in
the exhaust stream. Oxygen, or the lack of it,
indicates whether the air/fuel is lean or rich of the
stoichiometric ratio. The EGO sensor is also known
as a Lambda-Sond sensor or O2 sensor.

This is an emissions control technique for reducing oxides
Exhaust-gas
of nitrogen emissions in the tailpipe. A small amount of
recirculation
exhaust gas is recirculated back into the intake manifold
to dilute the incoming air/fuel mixture. Contrary to what
youd think, it has a cooling effect on combustion
temperatures which helps reduce the formation of oxides
of nitrogen (See NOX). The EGR valve is the main control
device in this system.

EGR
EHC

EHC

)(

Electronic Height
EHC systems exist under many trade names,
Control
including Variable Ride-Height Suspension (VRHS),
Active Height Control (AHC), and pneumatic
suspension systems.


EPA

Environmental
Protection Agency

EPA
EPR

the government agency responsible for enforcing antipollution rules. The EPA requires all vehicle manufacturers
to certify their new car as being in compliance with the
applicable clean air standards for the year of manufacture.
The manufacturer, in turn, must provide an "emissions"
warranty on every vehicle they sell that guarantees free
replacement of any emissions control device that might
fail during that time. This coverage usually extends to
such items as the computer control system, catalytic
converter, fuel and ignition system (except the spark plugs
and normal wear items).

Evaporator pressure
regulator

EPR
EPS
EPS
ESC

ESC
ESP

ESP
ETC

(1)

ETC

(1)

ETC

(2)

ETC (2)
ETCU
ETCU
ETD
ETD
EV
EV

Electronic power
steering

Electronic Stability
ESC systems exist under many trade names,
Control
including Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Electronic
Stability Program (ESP), and Vehicle Stability
Enhancement (VSE).

Electronic stability
ESP systems exist under many trade names,
program
including Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Electronic
Stability Control (ESC), and Vehicle Stability
Enhancement (VSE).

Electronic throttle
control

Electronic Traction
#
Control

Electronic transmission
control unit

Emergency tensioning
device

Electric vehicle

F
FBD

*Abbreviation for the Environmental Protection Agency,

Free body diagram

FBD
FCV
FCV
FFV
FFV
FWD

Fuel cell vehicle

Flexible-fuel vehicle

Front wheel drive
#A means of driving a vehicle by applying engine power to
the front wheels instead of the rear wheels. There are
advantages and disadvantages to front-wheel drive. On
the plus side, the advantages go mostly to the vehicle
manufacturers because it makes it easier for them to
package a vehicle engine/drivetrain/body combination
more efficiently. In other words, the same basic
engine/drivetrain package can be installed under a variety
of "different" model cars. The same basic engine/transaxle
package Chrysler developed for their Omni and Horizon
(which they basically copied from Volkswagen) can be
found under all their current front-wheel drives ranging
from the mini-vans to the sports sedans. Thus a
manufacturer can save a bundle in tooling and
development when he wants to bring a new front-wheel
drive model to the showroom floor. As far as FWD being
superior to RWD, its mostly hype. Some people will argue
that front-wheel drive handles better than rear-wheel drive
while others will argue exactly the opposite. Porsche and
Mercedes seem to be unimpressed by FWD, and most
race cars are rear-wheel drive. On the negative side,
some front-wheel drive cars have a tendency to "torque
steer" (See Torque Steer), and transaxle problems can be
very costly to repair because it often involves pulling the
engine.

FWD

G
gpm
gpm
GPS
GPS
GVW

GVW

gram per mile

Global positioning
system

Gross vehicle weight Abbreviation for gross vehicle weight. GVW is the
weight of the vehicle plus the weight of all
passengers and cargo up to the limit specified by the
manufacturer

H
HVAC
HVAC
HC

Heating, Ventilation
Acronym for "Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
and Air Conditioning
, ,
A hydrocarbon (HC) is any kind of substance that contains
Hydro carbon
hydrogen and carbon. Gasoline is a hydrocarbon. So is
oil. When gasoline burns inside an engine, there is always
a tiny amount thats left over. If an engine is misfiring
because of a fouled spark plug or a leaky valve, or if it has

worn rings or valve guides and uses oil, quite a bit of

unburned HC can pass through into the exhaust.
Unburned HC is a major source of air pollution and is the
primary source of smog in most urban areas. Various
means are used to reduce the amount of HC an engine
produces, the primary one of which is the catalytic
converter. The converter reduces HC emissions by
"reburning" and converting it into harmless water vapor

HC
HEV
HEV
HO2S

Hybrid electric vehicle

Heated Oxygen Sensor The HO2S is placed into the exhaust manifold. It detects
the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas compared to the
outside air. The sensor has a closed-end tube made of
ceramic zirconia. The zirconia generates voltage from
approximately 1V in richer conditions to 0V in leaner
conditions. The sensor signal is sent to the ECM. The
ECM adjusts the injection pulse duration to achieve the
ideal air-fuel ratio. The ideal air-fuel ratio occurs near the
radical change from 1V to 0V.

HO2S

I
I
I

IAT

IAT
IC
IC
ICE
ICE
IFS
IFS
IRS
IRS

Electric current

Symbol of electric current

Intake air temperature sensor. Also has a verity if
names in the past (ACT, VAT, MCT, MAT and ATS)
under OBD II guidelines, these parts are now called
IATs.
The intake air temperature sensor is mounted to the
Intake air temperature air duct housing. The sensor detects intake air
temperature and transmits a signal to the ECM. The
temperature-sensing unit uses a thermistor that is
sensitive to the change in temperature. Electrical
resistance of the thermistor decreases in response to
the temperature rise.

Integrated circuit

Internal combustion
engine

Independent Front
Suspension

Independent Rear
Suspension

J
J
J

Joule

Energy unit (1 Joule = 1 Newton meter)

( 1 = 1 )

K
k
k

Kilo

1 kilo = 1000

Kinetic Dynamic
Suspension System

KDSS

1000 = 1
Toyota also demonstrated its Kinetic Dynamic
Suspension System (KDSS). By allowing the
decoupling of the front and rear stabilizer bars,
KDSS allows greater suspension articulation
(movement, that is) off-road.
The KDSS-assisted truck was able to keep all its tires
in contact with the ground due to the greater
suspension travel afforded by the system, while the
one with KDSS switched off has a rear tire clawing
at thin air.
Another benefit of KDSS is that it allows larger
stabilizer bars for improved on-road handling via
decreased body roll.

KDSS
KPI

The angle formed by a line that runs through the king pin
in the steering knuckle on a truck with an I-Beam axle. Its
the same as the steering axis inclination (SAI).

King pin inclination

KPI
KS

................
The knock sensor is mounted on the engine block.
It detects the vibration caused by detonation.

Knock sensor

KS

L
l
l
LCD
LCD

Liter

Liquid crystal display

A "Liquid Crystal Display" is a type of electronic display

that forms opaque or dull-colored letters or numbers on
various backgrounds. LCD displays are popular for digital
dashboards, but they are not as readable in direct sunlight
as LED displays

A light emitting diode emits light when current is
passed through it in the forward direction.

LED

LED
LEV

Light emitting diode

Low emission vehicle

A "Light Emitting Diode" is an electronic light bulb of sorts

that produces colored light. Youll find LEDs used in the
center high mounted stop light on many vehicles, and
used as indicator lights in some instrumentation. LEDs are
also used in some vehicle speed sensors and in some
electronic ignitions.

LEV
LNG
LNG

Liquefied natural gas

Liquefied petroleum
gas

Limited-slip differential#

LPG
LPG
LSD
LSD

M
m
m

meter

M+S

Mud and snow

M+S

MAF

MAF
MAP

Length unit

Tire rating for mud and snow M+S, MS, M/S or

M&S

Mass Air flow sensor

The mass airflow sensor is placed in the stream of

intake air. It measures the intake flow rate by measuring a
part of the entire intake flow. It consists of a hot wire that
is supplied with electric current from the ECM. The
temperature of the hot wire is controlled by the ECM a
certain amount. The heat generated by the hot wire is
reduced as the intake air flows around it. The more air, the
greater the heat loss. Therefore, the ECM must supply
more electric current to maintain the temperature of the
hot wire as airflow increases. The ECM detects the airflow
by means of this current change.

A fuel injection system that opens its injectors in pairs or
groups a sufficient amount of time prior to intake valve
opening so the intake port is filled with fuel before the
valve opens.

Manifold absolute
pressure (sensor)

MAP

The Manifold Absolute Pressure sensor measures

changes in the intake manifold pressure resulting
from engine load and speed changes. The computer
sends a 5-volt reference signal to the MAP sensor. As
pressure changes in the intake manifold occur, the
electrical resistance of the MAP sensor also changes.
By monitoring the sensor output voltage, the
computer can determine the manifold absolute
pressure. The higher the MAP voltage output the
lower the engine vacuum, which requires more fuel.
The lower the MAP voltage output the higher the
engine vacuum, which requires less fuel. Under
certain conditions, the MAP sensor is also used to
measure barometric pressure. This allows the
computer to automatically adjust for different
altitudes. The computer uses the MAP sensor to
control fuel delivery and ignition timing.

MDS
MDS
ME
ME
MFI (MPI)

Multiple Displacement Cylinder Deactivation, Displacement On Demand

System
(DOD), or Variable Cylinder Management.

Mechanical Efficiency

Multi-port Fuel
Injection

MFI (MPI)

MPG

Abbreviation for Multi-port Fuel Injection, a type of fuel

injection system that has one injector for each engine
cylinder. Each injector sprays its fuel directly into the
intake port in the cylinder head. Multi-port fuel injection is
considered to be the "hot" setup because it provides
better cylinder-to-cylinder fuel distribution for more power.

Mile per gallon

MPG

Abbreviation for Miles Per Gallon. A vehicles fuel

economy is determined by a number of factors including
the size of the engine, the type of carburetion used, the
weight of the vehicle, the type of transmission used
(manual or automatic), the final drive ratio, the size and
type of tires used, tire inflation pressures, aerodynamic
streamlining of the body, the driving habits of the driver,
the kind of road surface and terrain upon which the
vehicle is driven, the speed at which its driven, and
environmental factors such as temperature, wind and
humidity. Taking all these into consideration, its no
wonder the EPA says "the mileage you get may vary from
the official EPA estimates."

1 =
.

MPI (MFI) Multiport fuel injection

MPI (MFI)
MPV
Multi-purpose vehicle
MPV

N
N
N
N
N
NCFR
NCFR
NHTSA

Newton

Unit of measuring force (1 Newton = 1 kg m/s.s)

(. / 1 = 1 )
Neutral
#

No cause for removal

National Highway
*Abbreviation for the National Highway Traffic and Safety
Administration. This is the government agency that is
Traffic Safety
responsible for making and policing safety rules for all
Administration
vehicles. NHTSA is the agency that can order a vehicle
manufacturer to issue a safety recall.

NHTSA

O
O2
O2
OBD

Oxygen

On board diagnostics

OBD
OBD II
OBD II

O.D.
O.D.
OD
OD
OE
OE
OEM
OEM
OHC
OHC
ohm

ohm
OHV
OHV
ORV

ORV

On board diagnostics II
)( ,

1996
.
Outside diameter

Over Drive
(transmission)
)
(
Original equipment

Original equipment
manufacturer

Over head cam

(Resistance measuring The unit of electrical resistance measurement. One
unit)
ohm is the resistance that will allow one ampere to
flow when pushed by one volt.
)
(
Over head valve

Off-Road Vehicle
An off-road vehicle is considered to be any type of
vehicle which is capable of driving off paved or
gravel surface.

P
Pa
Pa

Pascal

PCM

Power control module

Powertrain control
module

PCM

Positive crank case
ventilation

Port fuel injection

PCV
PCV
PFI
PFI

Unit of pressure (1 Pa = 1 N/m2), (1 MPa = 1000,000 Pa =

1 N/mm2)
= 1 ) ,( / 1 = 1)
( / 1 = 1000,000
PCM is a computer that manages engine and power train
systems. Within engine management, the PCM is
responsible for fuel delivery, ignition timing and some
emission control devices.

PLV

Pressure limiting valve This unit reduces the air pressure supply to the front axle

PLV
ppm

Measure of air pollution. It is common practice to express
Parts per million

ppm

)
(
Power split device

Pound per square inch

The power steering oil pressure switch is attached to the
Power Steering
power steering high-pressure tube and detects a power
Pressure Switch

of the towing vehicle is de-coupled in order to reduce the

braking power and maintain vehicle stability of the now
much lighter vehicle.

the quantity of a gaseous pollutant in the air as parts per

million.

PSD
PSD
PSI (psi)
PSI (psi)
PSPS

steering load. When a power steering load is detected, it

signals the ECM. The ECM adjusts the idle speed for the
increased load.

PSPS
PV
PV

photovoltaic

Q
Q

Quantity of electric
charge

Symbol of electric charge

R
R (1)
R (1)
R (2)
R (2)
RAM
RAM
RAV
RAV
RC

RC
RFT
RFT

Radial

Reverse

Random access
The microprocessor can both read and write data
memory
to each memory location.

Reserve Capacity

Run Flat Tire


Read only memory

ROM
ROM
RPM (rpm)Revolutions per minute

RC is the number of minutes a fully charged

battery at 80 degrees F (26.7 degrees C) can be
discharged at 25 amps until the voltage falls below
10.5 volts.

RPM (rpm)

Recreational Vehicle
RV
RV
( )
RWAL
Rear Wheel Anti Lock
brake
RWAL
( )
RWD
Rear wheel drive
#
RWD

S
SAE
SAE
SAI

SAI
SBC
SBC
SFC

SFC
SFI
SFI
SLA
SLA
SMG

SMG
SOHC
SOHC
SSF

Society of Automotive
*
Engineering

Steering axis
Is the amount that the spindle support arm leans in
inclination
the top. SAI is also known as ball joint inclination
BJI or king pin inclination KPI
)
(
Sensotronic Brake
Control

Specific Fuel
Specific fuel consumption is equal to the mass rate
Consumption
of the fuel consumption divided by the engine brake
power

Sequential fuel
injectors

Short-long arm
Short-long arm suspension system


Sequential Manual
#The Sequential Manual Gearbox enables sporty,
Gearbox
rapid gear changes through all six gears via the
steering wheel paddles or selector lever, without the
use of a clutch. Select Dynamic Driving Control
(Sport button) for faster engine response and even
more spontaneous driving enjoyment.

Single over head cam

Static Stability Factor It is the calculation of a vehicle, at rest, rollover
resistance
SSF = T / 2 H
where, T is the "track width" of the vehicle and H is
the "height of center of center if gravity" of the

vehicle.
The lower the SSF number, the more likely the
vehicle is to rollover in a "single- vehicle crash"
SSF
SST
SST
SUV
SUV

Special Service Tools

Sport utility vehicle

T
TAC

Thermal Air Cleaner

TAC

()

Traction control system Traction control system prevents wheels from
spinning in slippery conditions by automatically
cutting engine power, lightly applying the brakes or
both.

TCS
(ASR)

TCS
(ASR)
TDC
TDC
TE
TE
TPMS
TPMS
TPS

TPS
TSB
TSB
TVS

Carbureted and throttle-body injection engines have

heated air controls in the air cleaner. This is called a
TAC.

Top dead center

Thermal Efficiency

Tire pressure
monitoring system

Throttle position sensor The throttle position sensor responds to the
accelerator pedal movement. This sensor is a kind of
potentiometer that transforms the throttle position
into output voltage, and emits the voltage signal to
the ECM. In addition, the sensor detects the opening
and closing speed of the throttle valve and feeds the
voltage signal to the ECM. The ECM receiving the
signal from the throttle position sensor determines
idle position of the throttle valve. This sensor
controls engine operation such as fuel cut. On the
other hand, the "Wide open and closed throttle
position switch", which is built into the throttle
position sensor unit, is not used for engine control.

Technical Service
Bulletins

Thermal Vacuum
The manifold heat control valve routs exhaust gas
Switch
under the floor of the intake manifold when the

engine is cold. This is improves the vaporization of

the cold fuel. This is also called an early fuel
evaporation (EFE) vlave.
TVS

()

Thermal Vacuum
(Pollution control system) Also called PVS ported
Valve
vacuum switch. This prevents vacuum from
operating the EGR valve before the engine is
wormed up.

TVV

TVV

U
U-joint
U-joint
UTQG
UTQGS

Universal joint
#
( )
Uniform Tire Quality This grading system, allows consumers to compare
Grading Uniform Tire tire treadwear, traction performance, and temperature
Quality Grading
resistance. The federal government requires tire
System
manufacturers to grade their tires in these three areas
and place the information on the sidewall of the tire.

UTQG
UTQGS

V
V
V
VE
VE
VDIM

VDIM
VDIS
VDIS
VGRS
VGRS
VGRS

Volt

Unit of measuring electric potential

Volumetric Efficiency Volumetric efficiency is the ratio of the volume of air
drawn into a cylinder to the piston displacement.
)( )( )
(
.( )
Vehicle dynamic
VDIM, Toyota's new system optimizes vehicle
integrated management control by adding new features electronically
controlled brakes (ECB) and electronic power
steering (EPS) and having them work in concert with
the stability control (VSC), ABS, EBD and BA
systems. Faster processing speed also promises more
transparent operation of the system.

Vehicle dynamic
integrated system

(1)Variable gear ratio

The steering gear ratio will be changed in
steering
accordance with vehicle speed
(1)


(2)Variable gear ratio
#
system

VGRS (2)
VIN
Vehicle identification
number
VIN
)
(
VRHS
Variable Ride-Height VRHS systems exist under many trade names,
Suspension
including Electronic Height Control (EHC), Active
Height Control (AHC), and pneumatic suspension
systems.
VRHS

VSA
Vehicle stability assist
VSA

VSC (1) Vehicle system control The VSC is the brains of the hybrid car. It helps to
manage charging , drive assist, and engine starting
functions. It shuts the engine down during coasting
and at stoplight to save fuel. It also converts the
traction motor into a generator during braking to help
recharging the batteries.
VSC (1)

VSC (2) Vehicle stability control VSC systems exist under many trade names,
including Electronic Stability Program (ESP),
Electronic Stability Control (ESC), and Vehicle
Stability Enhancement (VSE).
VSC (2)
VSE
Vehicle Stability
ESP systems exist under many trade names,
Enhancement
including Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Electronic
Stability Control (ESC), and Vehicle Stability
Enhancement (VSE).
VSE

VSS
Vehicle speed sensor
The vehicle speed sensor is installed in the
transaxle. It contains a pulse generator that provides
a vehicle speed signal to the speedometer. The
speedometer then sends a signal to the ECM
VSS

VVT
Variable Valve Timing Valve timing is adjusted on intake, and valves and
there is the Dual VVT-i engine, Valve timing is
adjusted on both intake and exhaust valves
VVT

VVT-i
Variable Valve Timing
with intelligence
VVT-i


VVTL-i Variable Valve Timing
& Lift - Intelligent
VVTL-i

W
W
WSS
WSS

Watt

Unit of power (1 W = 1 kg m/s), (1 W = 1 J/s)

(/ 1 = 1 )

Wheel speed sensor

X
XUV

Crossover Utility
Vehicle

XUV: A crossover SUV (also called CUV for

Crossover Utility Vehicle) is an automobile with a
sport utility vehicle appearance but is built upon a
more economical and fuel-efficient car-based
platform.

XUV

Y
Y
Y

Z
ZEV
ZEV

Zero emission vehicle

http://thecartech.com/frontpage/autoglossary_en.htm#Z


3-point seat belt -
3rd mode -
3rd start indicator light -
54L Indicator light -
4-speed automatic transmission shift indicators -

- 4WD-High (4H) -
- 4WD-Low (4L) -
104-wheel drive (4WD) -

A
A/T oil temp warning light -
Abnormal noise or smell -
15Abrasive cleaner -
Abrupt starting -
Acceleration -
Accelerator pedal -
Accessory power outlet -
20Accident -
Acid burns -
Activate -
Activate auto store -
Adapter -
25Adjust (v.) -
Adjust lever -
Adjustment positions -
Air bag -
Air bag indicator light -
30Air bag inflation -
Air bag module -
Air bag readiness indicator light -
Air bag warning indicator light -
Air bleeding plug -
35Air circulation -
/ Air cleaner -
Air cleaner element -
Air compressor -
Air conditioner -
40Air conditioning -
Air conditioning controller -
Air conditioning filter -
Air conditioning switch -
Air conditioning system -
45Air duct -

 Air flow -
Air intake -
Air outlet -
Air outlet select knob -
5Air source select lever -
Air source selector lever -
Alarm -
Alarm system -
/ Ammeter -
10Anchor buckle -
Anchor tongue -
/ / Antenna -
Antifreeze -
Anti-lock brake system -
15Anti-lock brake system warning light -
Anti-theft alarm -
Anti-theft system -
Antifreeze protection -
Ash tray -
20Assist grip -
Audio -
Audio control button -
/ Audio mode button -
Audio mode indicator -
25Auto tuning -
Automatic program selector (APS) button -
Automatic transmission (AT) -
Automatic transmission defaults -
Automatic transmission fluid -
30Automatic transmission model -
Automatic transmission shift indicator light -

Automatic transmission shift lever -

Axle -
35Axle case for distortion or damage -
Axle shafts for distortion or damage -

Axle tube -
40B

backrest -
Back Sensors -
Back Side Climate Control A/C -
/ Back up lights -
45Backward -
/ Balance -

 )( Band -
Bass (Deep or low-pitched voice) -
)( Battery -
Battery explosion -
5Battery voltage -
Beam -
Bench Seat -
/ Bevel gear -
Bind (v.) -
10BI-level -
Bleeding of fuel system -
Body and option identification plate -
Boiling protection -
Bolt -
15Bore (v.) -
)( / )( Borer -
/ Booster seat with lap/sash seat belt -
)( / )( Brake -
Brake and clutch fluid level -
20Brake fluid -
Brake indicator light -
Brake pad -
Brake lining -
Brake pedal -
25Brake pedal free play -
Brake pedal free play, height and allowance -

Brake pedal travel and play -
Brake shoe -
30Brake shoe lining -
Brake system for fluid leakage -
Brake system Indicator light -
Brake wear indicator -
Break in -
35Brightness -
Broadcast -
/ Bucket Seat -
)( Buckle -
Bulb -
" " 40bulb check Function -
)( Bump -
)( Bumpers -
Bumper guard -
Bumpy road -
45Burglar proof system -
) Booster battery - (

 Button panel -

C
)( , Cable-
5Carburettor -
Care and Maintenance -
Cassette -
Cassette tape -
Cassette tape player -
10Cassette tape slot -
Catch handle -
CD changer -
CD changer controls -
CD changer indicator -
15CD changer indicator lamp -
CD Player -
CD slot -
Center console -
Center seat -
20Center vent -
Central locking system -
// Chassis -
Chassis ground -
Chassis number -
25Check 4WD Indicator light -
Check engine indicator light -
Check transmission warning light -
Chemical reaction -
Child-proof door locks -
30Child-proof lever -
/ Child restraint lower anchorage -

Child restraints -
Child seat -
35Chilled Water Pump -
Choke -
Choke coil -
/ Cigarette lighter -
Cigarette lighter socket -
)( 40Circuit -
Clearance lights -
Click sound -
/ Climbing mountain frequently -
Clock adjust button -
45Clock button -
/ Clockwise -

 Cloth bag -
// Clutch -
Clutch fluid -
/ / Clutch pedal -
5Clutch pedal free play and height -
Clutch pedal travel and play -
)( Coil -
Collision -
/ Combustion chamber -
)( 10Component -
Compression -
Connect (v.) -
) ( Conserve (Battery) -
Console -
15Constant speed -
Cooler system -
Coolant (A mixture of water and ethylene glycol antifreeze) -

Coolant level -
20Coolant overflow -
Coolant temperature -
Cooler -
Cooler control knob -
Cooling -
25Cooling system -
Cooling system for water leakage -
Corrosion -
/ Counterclockwise -
)( / )( Crack -
/ / 30Crank handle -
/ ) ( Crank up (Engine) -
Creep effect -
Crew cab -
Crown wheel -
35Current -
)( / )( Curve -
)( Cylinder -

D
) ( "40"D" (Drive) - "D

Damage -
Damp places -
/ )( Dashboard -
// Deactivate -
45Dead battery -
/ Deceleration -

Decrease -
Decrease bass response -
Decrease treble response -
Deflate - /
5deflection -
Deflector panel -
Defog -
Defogger -
Defogger outlet -
10Defogger wires -
Deformation -
Defrost -
Defroster -
Defroster outlet (Air to windshield) -
15Depress -
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) - ( DTC)
Diameter -
Diesel -
Diesel engine -
20Differential gear -
Differential gear oil -
Differential oil -
Digital clock -
Digital electronic injection -
25Diode - / / / /
Dimmer thumb Wheel -
Disassemble (v.) -
Disassembly -
Disc brake wear indicators -
30Disc illumination -
Disc indicator -
Discharge (Air) -
Disconnect -
Disposal -
35Display -
Distance - )(
Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation -
Dolby noise reduction (NR) button - Dolby NR
Dolby NR indicator - Dolby NR
40Dolly -
Dome light -
Door lock -
Door lock button -
Door open indicator light -
45Door pillar -
Door unlock button -

Dowel -
Drain (v.) -
Drain plug - /
Drain valve -
5Draining of water separator -
Drive carefully and defensively -
Driver -
Driver - )(
Driver's check list -
10Drivers door key cylinder -
Drivers seat -
Driving axle -
Driving in extremely cold weather -
Driving mode switch -
15Driving on dusty roads -
Driving on ice or snow -
Driving on rough roads -
Driving on salted roads -
Dump system -
20

E
Eject button -
Electronic component -
Electric mirror drive system -
25Electric mirrors -
Electrical burns -
Electrical equipment - /
Electrical shock - /
Electrical system -
30Emergency braking -
Emergency locking sensitive retractor -
Emergency starting -
Emergency stop -
Emission control -
35Empty -
Engage (gear) - ( )
Engine -
Engine compartment -
Engine coolant -
40Engine coolant additions -
Engine coolant concentration -
Engine coolant leakage -
Engine coolant solution -
Engine coolant temperature gauge -
45Engine cooling system -
Engine crankcase -

Engine hood -
Engine hood release handle -
Engine hood release lever -
Engine idling speed and acceleration -
5Engine indicator light -
Engine number -
Engine oil -
Engine oil filter -
Engine oil leakage and contamination -
10Engine oil level -
Engine output -
Engine overheating -
Engine overrun -
Engine racing -
15Engine rotations -
Engine tachometer -
Equipped with -
Ethylene glycol antifreeze -
Exhaust gas -
20Exhaust manifold -
Exhaust pipe - /
Exhaust system -
Extend cab -
External combustion engine -
25External lights -

F
Fabric Seats -
Face outlet (Air to your face) -
30Fader - /
Fan belt -
Fan belt tension -
Fan belt tension and damage -
Fan blow switch -
35Fan knob -
Fan switch knob -
Fast forward button -
Fast forward indicator -
Fast rewind button -
40Fast rewind indicator -
Fasten (seat belt) - ( )
Filler neck -
Filler tube -
Filling hose -
45Filter - /
Flammable -

 Flat deck model -

// Flat tire -
Flywheel starter -
Floor air outlet -
5Floor controls -
FM/AM FM/AM band button -
FM/AM FM/AM band indicator -
Foam (v.) -
Fog -
10Fog lights -
Following distance -
Foot brake -
Foot brake pedal -
Foot outlet (Air to your foot) -
15Forward -
Forward driving ranges -
Four wheel drive Indicator light -
Free wheeling hubs -
Freezing protection -
)( 20Frequency -
Frequency indicator -
Front axle -
Front axle shaft rubber boot for damage -

25Front disc brake pads and discs wear -

Front fog indicator light -
Front fog light switch -
Front seat -
/ 30Front Seat Heating System -

Front suspension -
Front turn signal lights -
Frontal collision -
35Frost -
Fuel -
Fuel consumption -
Fuel feed -
Fuel filler door -
40Fuel filter -
Fuel filter indicator -
Fuel filter water indicator light -
/ Fuel gauge -
Fuel leakage -
45Fuel lid opener -
Fuel pump -

 Fuel system -
Fuel tank -
Fuel tank filler cap -
"" "Full" -
" " 5"Full Cold" -
" " "Full Hot" -
Fully-synchronized transmission -
)( Function -
/ )( Fuse -
10

G
Gas -
Gas station -
Gasoline -
15Gasoline engine -
/ / Gear -
Gear box -
Gear change -
Gear control mechanism for looseness -
20
Gear oil -
/ Generator -
Generator indicator light -
Glove box/compartment -
/ 25Glow indicator light -
Glow plugs -
grease -
Grille -
GVM rating -
30

H
/- Hand brake -
/ Handle -
Hard-steering -
35Hard stops -
Haul (v.) -
Hazard lights -
Hazard warning flasher Switch -
Hazard warning lights -
40Head lights leveling Switch -
Headlights -
Headlights leveling switch -
Head restraint -
Heat -
/ 45Heater -
Heavy duty suspension -

 Heavy mist -
Heavy throttle -
Heavy traffic -
Height adjustment -
5Hexagon-head bolt -
/ High beam Indicator light -
High mounted stop light -
high-power radio waves -
/ Highway -
10Higher frequencies -
Holder -
Hole -
Hood reinforcement -
)( Hook -
15Horn button -
)( Hose -
Hot vapor -
Hour indication -
)( Hub -
20Hub bearing -
Hub bearing grease -
Hydraulic brake fluid -

I
25Idle control knob -

Idle speed -
Idling -
Idling control knob -
Ignition -
30Ignition coil -
Ignition key -
Illumination control switch -
Immobilizer -
/ Immobilizer system -
35Increase -
Increase bass response -
Increase sound from the front speakers -
/
Increase sound from the left speakers -
/ 40
Increase sound from the rear speakers -
/
Increase sound from the right speakers -
/
45Increase treble response -
)( Indicator -

 / Indicator lights -
Induction coil -
Infant capsule -
Inflate (Air bag) -
5Inflation -
Inflation pressure (tire) -
) ( Inflator -
)( Injury -
Initial break-in period -
10Insert -
Inside door handle -
Inside rearview mirror -
/ Installation -
Interchange -
15Interference -
Intermittent ring -
Intermittent wipers -
internal combustion engine -
Instrument cluster -
20Instrument panel -

J
/ Jack -
Jack bar -
25Jack handle -
Jack head center -
Jacking point -
Jacking the car -
)( Jam -
30Jumper cables -
Junction -

K
)( Key -
35key code -
Keyless entry -
Kick down -
km -
Knob -
40

L
Lap belt -
/ Lap /sash seat belt -
/ Lap/shoulder belt -
)( / 45Latch -

Latch plate -
leaded fuel -
Leaf/coil/torsion bar springs for damage - / /

5Leather Seats -
Level plug -
Lever -
license -
License plate -
10License plate light -
Lid -
Light-Emitting Diode (LED) - ( LED)/ /
/
Lighting switch -
15Lighting system -
Liquid - )(
Liquid ammoniated cleaner -
Load/Eject button - /
Load sensing proportioning valve (LSPV) -
20Lock -
Lock button -
Lock knob -
Lock lever -
Lock-up clutch -
25Low freezing diesel fuel -
Lock switch -
Loose gravel -
Low fuel indicator light -
Lower frequencies -
30Lube front free - wheeling hubs -
Lubricant level -
Lubricants -
Lubricating -
Lubricating system -
35Lubrication - /
Lubrication system -

M
Magnetized -
40Maintenance -
Maintenance Guide -
Maintenance Schedule -
Manual -
Manual lock -
45Manual tuning -
Manual/Auto tuning button - /

 Manual Transmission (MT) -

Manual transmission with fluid -
Maximum distance -
Maximum speed -
5Mechanical anti-theft locking system -
Mechanism -
Metal tape button -
Metallic frictional sound -
)( Meter -
10Meter Panel -
Mile -
Minute indication -
)( Mirror -
Miss-operation -
15Mixture of water
and ethylene glycol antifreeze -
)( / )( Mode -
/ Mode button -
/ Model -
20Moderate grade -
Monitor (v.) -
)( Motion -
Motor -
Mounting instructions -
/ 25MPH (mile per hour) -
Muddy spot -
Muffler -
Multi-grade engine oil -
30N

) ( N (Neutral) - N
Neck injury -
Negative terminal (-) -
Neutral indicator light -
35Neutral position -
Normal mode -
)( Nut -

O
40O2 sensor -

Octane -
/ / Odometer -
Off the ground -
Oil -
45Oil dipstick -
Oil filter -

 Oil dipstick -
Oil level gauge rod -
Oil pressure indicator light -
Oil pump -
5Oil reservoir -
Oil sump -
ON/OFF switch knob -
ON/OFF switch button -
Operating temperature -
10Operating lever -
Operation acceptance start -
Operation switch -
Outer Seat -
Outside door handle -
15Outside rearview mirror -
/ Overloading -
Over-running the engine -

P
) ( 20P (Park) - P

Park lights -
Parking brake -
Parking brake cables for looseness or damage -

25Parking brake function -
Parking brake lever travel -
)( Passenger -
Passenger compartment -
Passing light switch -
30Patch of water -
Payload -
Paved road -
)( / )( Pedal -
Periodic Maintenance -
)( / )( 35Pipe -
Pipes and hoses for loose connections or damage -

)( // Piston -
Piston pump -
40Plate -
Plier -
)( Plug -
Plug wrench -
Pollution -
45Popping sound -
Positive terminal (+) -

 Power assist -
Power brake assist -
Power brake system -
Power door locks -
5Power drive indicator light -
Power Locks -
Power mode -
Power Side Mirrors -
/ Power source -
/ 10Power steering -
Power steering fluid -
Power steering hose -
Power steering oil leakage -
Power steering oil pump -
15Power window -
Precautions -
Preset station button -
Preset station selector number indicator -

20Pressure release knob -

Primary coil -
Priming pump -
Propeller shaft loose connections -
( Propeller shaft universal joints and sliding sleeve (4WD) -
) 25
Propeller shaft universal joints and splines for wear -

Protecting against rust and corrosion -
Pull -
30Pulsating brake pedal -
)( Pump -
pumping the brakes -
Push button -
35Q

Qualified technician -
Quarter window -
/ Quick defrosting measure -
40R

) ( R (Reverse) - R
/ Radiator -
Radiator cap -
Radiator reserve tank -
45Radio station -
Radio waves -

 Rag -
Ram -
Ratchet for wear or damage -
Rear axle -
5Rear axle carrier -
Rear brake lining and drum wear -
Rear brakes -
Rear-end collision -
Rear fog indicator light -
10Rear fog light -
Rear fog light switch -
Rear propeller shaft -
Rear seat -
Rear suspension -
15Rear window defogger switch -
Reception -
Reduce -
Refill -
Reflector -
20Refuel -
Regular cab -
Regular inspection -
Regulate -
Regulator handle -
25Release -
Release button -
Release button slot -
Release knob -
Remote control -
30Remove -
Repair -
Repeat -
) (RPT Repeat button (RPT) -
) (RPT Repeat indicator (RPT) -
35Repeated short trips -
Replenish -
Reprogram -
Reserve vacuum -
Reservoir -
40Reset -
Reset knob -
Restart -
Restriction permission conditions -
Retainer spring -
45Retardation effect -
)( Retractor -

 Reverse -
Rewind button -
Rewind indicator -
Right and left turning radius -
)( 5Road -
Road map -
Rollover -
Roof rail -
Rpm (Rounds Per Min) -
10Rubber -
Rubber bushes of suspension wear or damage -

Rubber hose -
Run position -
15Rust -

S
Safety -
/ Safety catch -
20
Safety chain -
Safety mode -
Scan button -
Scratch -
)( 25Screw -
/ Screwdriver -
)( Seat -
Seat adjuster -
)( Seat belt -
30Seat belt height adjustment -
Seat belt inspection and care -
Seat belt latch plate -
Seat belt reminder light -
Seat belt unfastened -
35Seat cushion -
Seat Memory -
Seek -
/ Select -
)( Selector -
40Selector knob -
Selector switch -
Severe grades -
Shallow river -
)( Shift (v.) -
45Shift lever -
Shift on the fly -

 Shift on the fly system gear oil -

)( Shimmy -
)( / Shock absorbers -

Shock absorbers for oil leakage -
5Shock absorbers mount for looseness -

Shoulder belt -
Side collision -
Side turn signal light -
10Side vent -
)( Signal -
Skid -
Skip Shift -
Sliding gear -
15Slippery muddy road -
Slippery road -
Slippery surface -
)( Slot -
Slope -
20Slow idling position -
Snow plow -
Snow tires -
Soak -
)( Solution -
25Spanner -
Spare wheel -
Spare wheel lock -
Spark plug -
/ Spark plug wire -
30Speed meter -
Speed signal -
Spill -
Sport model vehicle -
Spot light -
)( 35Spring -
Spring action for loss of balance due to weakening -

SRC SRC button -
Stalled engine -
40Standard
suspension -
Starter -
Starter safety switch -
Starter switch -
45Starter switch -
Steam -

 Steer (v.) -
Steering assembly -
Steering column -
Steering column Controls -
5Steering control -
Steering function -
Steering joint ball for oil leakage or damage -

Steering joint ball rubber boot for damage -
10
Steering system for looseness or damage -

/- Steering wheel -
Steering wheel in straight and level -
15Steering wheel pad -
Steering wheel play -
Steep incline -
Stereo reception -
) (ST Stereo reception indicator (ST) -
20Stopping distance -
Storage -
Storage box -
Strap -
String -
25Strong signal -
Sudden stop -
)( Sun-visor -
Sunroof -
Super lock -
)( / )( 30Supplement -
) (SRS Supplemental restraint system (SRS) -
Support rod -
Suspension joint ball rubber boot for damage -

35Suspension mount for looseness or damage -

Switch -
Switch lever -
40T

/ Tachometer -
Tail and stop lights -
Tail lights -
Tailgate -
45Tailgate latch -
Tape direction indicator -

Tape program selector button -

Tether anchorage -
Tether strap -
Temperature -
5Temperature control knob/lever -
Temperature gauge -
Temperature variation -
Thaw -
Throttle - /
10Ticking sound -
Tilt lever -
Tilt steering wheel -
Timing -
Timing belt -
15Timing gear -
Tire - )(
Tire chains -
Tire pressure -
Tire rotation -
20Tool bag/Tool box -
Torque -
Touch (v.) - /
Tow in -
Towing trailer -
25Track down/Disc down button - /
Track indicator -
Track up/Disc up button - /
Traction -
Traction hook -
30Traction rope -
Trademark - /
Traffic hazard -
Traffic light -
Trailer - )(
35Transfer case -
Transfer case oil -
Transfer control switch -
Transfer gear -
Transfer gear operation -
40Transfer indicator -
Transfer shift switch -
Transformer -
Transmission -
Transmission case -
45Transmission fluid -
Transmission shift lever -

Transmitting gear -
Treble (High soprano/high musical key) -
Trigger (v.) -
Trip odometers -
5Tuning -
Tuner -
Turbocharged engine - /
Turbocharger -
Turn -
10Turn signal -
Turn signal lights -

U
Under-inflated tire -
15Unfasten -
Unleaded fuel -
Unlock -

V
20Valve -

Valve clearance -
Vanity mirror -
Vehicle - )(
Vehicle body -
25Vehicle dealer -
Vehicle Identification plate -
Vent -
Vent grilles -
Ventilation -
30Ventilator -
Ventilators -
Visibility -
Visibility ahead -
Voltage - / /
35Volume control button -
Volume control knob -

W
Waiting time -
40Walk-in system -
Water leakage -
Water pump -
Water separator -
Water separator Indicator light -
45Wear -

 Wear indicator device -

Wear of clutch facing -
Wedge blocks -
)( Wheel -
5Wheel alignment -
Wheel disc -
Wheel nuts -
Wheel stoppers -
Wheel wrench -
)( 10Window -
// Windshield -
Windshield Washer -
Windshield washer solution -
Windshield washer tank -
15Windshield wiper -
Winter driving -
Wiper -
Wiper blades -
Wiper switch -
20Worm wheel -

X
Xenon Lights -
25Y

No entries

Z
No entries


- point seat belt-3
- 3rd mode
- 3rd start indicator light
- 4L Indicator light
- speed automatic transmission shift indicators -4

) - 4WD-High (4H -
) - 4WD-Low (4L -
- wheel drive (4WD)-4
A
- A/T oil temp warning light
- Abnormal noise or smell
- Abrasive cleaner
- Abrupt starting
- Acceleration
- Accelerator pedal
- Accessory power outlet
- Accident
- Acid burns
- Activate
- Activate auto store
- Adapter
) - Adjust (v.
- Adjust lever
- Adjustment positions
- Air bag
- Air bag indicator light
- Air bag inflation
- Air bag module
- Air bag readiness indicator light
- Air bag warning indicator light
- Air bleeding plug
- Air circulation
- Air cleaner /
- Air cleaner element
- Air compressor
- Air conditioner
- Air conditioning
- Air conditioning controller
- Air conditioning filter
- Air conditioning switch
- Air conditioning system
- Air duct
- Air flow
- Air intake
- Air outlet
- Air outlet select knob
- Air source select lever

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

 - Air source selector lever

- Alarm
- Alarm system
- Ammeter /
- Anchor buckle
- Anchor tongue
- Antenna / /
- Antifreeze
- Anti-lock brake system
- Anti-lock brake system warning light
- Anti-theft alarm
- Anti-theft system
- Antifreeze protection
- Ash tray
- Assist grip
- Audio
- Audio control button
- Audio mode button /
- Audio mode indicator
- Auto tuning
- Automatic program selector (APS) button
) - Automatic transmission (AT
- Automatic transmission defaults
- Automatic transmission fluid
- Automatic transmission model
- Automatic transmission shift indicator light
- Automatic transmission shift lever
- Axle
- Axle case for distortion or damage
- Axle shafts for distortion or damage
- Axle tube
B
- backrest
- Back Sensors
- Back Side Climate Control A/C
- Back up lights /
- Backward
- Balance /
- Band )(
) - Bass (Deep or low-pitched voice
- Battery )(
- Battery explosion
- Battery voltage
- Beam
- Bench Seat
- Bevel gear /
) - Bind (v.
- BI-level
- Bleeding of fuel system
- Body and option identification plate
- Boiling protection

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

 - Bolt
) - Bore (v.
- Borer )( / )(
- Booster seat with lap/sash seat belt /
- Brake )( / )(
- Brake and clutch fluid level
- Brake fluid
- Brake indicator light
- Brake pad
- Brake lining
- Brake pedal
- Brake pedal free play
- Brake pedal free play, height and allowance
- Brake pedal travel and play
- Brake shoe
- Brake shoe lining
- Brake system for fluid leakage
- Brake system Indicator light
- Brake wear indicator
- Break in
- Brightness
- Broadcast
- Bucket Seat /
- Buckle )(
- Bulb
- bulb check Function " "
- Bump )(
- Bumpers )(
- Bumper guard
- Bumpy road
- Burglar proof system
) ( - Booster battery
- Button panel
C
-Cable )( ,
- Carburettor
- Care and Maintenance
- Cassette
- Cassette tape
- Cassette tape player
- Cassette tape slot
- Catch handle
- CD changer
- CD changer controls
- CD changer indicator
- CD changer indicator lamp
- CD Player
- CD slot
- Center console
- Center seat
- Center vent

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

 - Central locking system

- Chassis //
- Chassis ground
- Chassis number
- Check 4WD Indicator light
- Check engine indicator light
- Check transmission warning light
- Chemical reaction
- Child-proof door locks
- Child-proof lever
- Child restraint lower anchorage /
- Child restraints
- Child seat
- Chilled Water Pump
- Choke
- Choke coil
- Cigarette lighter /
- Cigarette lighter socket
- Circuit )(
- Clearance lights
- Click sound
- Climbing mountain frequently /
- Clock adjust button
- Clock button
- Clockwise /
- Cloth bag
- Clutch//
- Clutch fluid
- Clutch pedal / /
- Clutch pedal free play and height
- Clutch pedal travel and play
- Coil )(
- Collision
- Combustion chamber /
- Component )(
- Compression

) - Connect (v.
) - Conserve (Battery ) (
- Console
- Constant speed
- Cooler system
) - Coolant (A mixture of water and ethylene glycol antifreeze
- Coolant level
- Coolant overflow
- Coolant temperature
- Cooler
- Cooler control knob
- Cooling
- Cooling system
- Cooling system for water leakage
- Corrosion
- Counterclockwise /

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

 - Crack )( / )(
- Crank handle / /
) - Crank up (Engine / ) (
- Creep effect
- Crew cab
- Crown wheel
- Current
- Curve )( / )(
- Cylinder )(
D
") "D" (Drive) - "D (
- Damage
- Damp places
- Dashboard / )(
- Deactivate //
- Dead battery
- Deceleration /
- Decrease
- Decrease bass response
- Decrease treble response
- Deflate /
- deflection
- Deflector panel
- Defog
- Defogger
- Defogger outlet
- Defogger wires
- Deformation
- Defrost
- Defroster
) - Defroster outlet (Air to windshield
- Depress
) - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC )(DTC
- Diameter
- Diesel
- Diesel engine
- Differential gear
- Differential gear oil
- Differential oil
- Digital clock
- Digital electronic injection
- Diode / // /
- Dimmer thumb Wheel
) - Disassemble (v.
- Disassembly
- Disc brake wear indicators
- Disc illumination
- Disc indicator
) - Discharge (Air
- Disconnect
- Disposal

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

- Display
)( - Distance
- Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation
Dolby NR - Dolby noise reduction (NR) button
Dolby NR - Dolby NR indicator
- Dolly
- Dome light
- Door lock
- Door lock button
- Door open indicator light
- Door pillar
- Door unlock button
- Dowel
- Drain (v.)
/ - Drain plug
- Drain valve
- Draining of water separator
- Drive carefully and defensively
- Driver
)( - Driver
- Driver's check list
- Drivers door key cylinder
- Drivers seat
- Driving axle
- Driving in extremely cold weather
- Driving mode switch
- Driving on dusty roads
- Driving on ice or snow
- Driving on rough roads
- Driving on salted roads
- Dump system
E
- Eject button
- Electronic component
- Electric mirror drive system
- Electric mirrors
- Electrical burns
/ - Electrical equipment
/ - Electrical shock
- Electrical system
- Emergency braking
- Emergency locking sensitive retractor
- Emergency starting
- Emergency stop
- Emission control
- Empty
) )- Engage (gear)
- Engine
- Engine compartment
- Engine coolant
- Engine coolant additions

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

- Engine coolant concentration

- Engine coolant leakage
- Engine coolant solution
- Engine coolant temperature gauge
- Engine cooling system
- Engine crankcase
- Engine hood
- Engine hood release handle
- Engine hood release lever
- Engine idling speed and acceleration
- Engine indicator light
- Engine number
- Engine oil
- Engine oil filter
- Engine oil leakage and contamination
- Engine oil level
- Engine output
- Engine overheating
- Engine overrun
- Engine racing
- Engine rotations
- Engine tachometer
- Equipped with
- Ethylene glycol antifreeze
- Exhaust gas
- Exhaust manifold
/ - Exhaust pipe
- Exhaust system
- Extend cab
- External combustion engine
- External lights
F
- Fabric Seats
- Face outlet (Air to your face)
/ - Fader
- Fan belt
- Fan belt tension
- Fan belt tension and damage
- Fan blow switch
- Fan knob
- Fan switch knob
- Fast forward button
- Fast forward indicator
- Fast rewind button
- Fast rewind indicator
) ) - Fasten (seat belt)
- Filler neck
- Filler tube
- Filling hose
/ - Filter
- Flammable

 - Flat deck model

- Flat tire //
- Flywheel starter
- Floor air outlet
- Floor controls
- FM/AM band button FM/AM
- FM/AM band indicator FM/AM
) - Foam (v.
- Fog
- Fog lights
- Following distance
- Foot brake
- Foot brake pedal
) - Foot outlet (Air to your foot
- Forward
- Forward driving ranges
- Four wheel drive Indicator light
- Free wheeling hubs
- Freezing protection
- Frequency )(
- Frequency indicator
- Front axle
- Front axle shaft rubber boot for damage
- Front disc brake pads and discs wear
- Front fog indicator light
- Front fog light switch
- Front seat
- Front Seat Heating System /
- Front suspension
- Front turn signal lights
- Frontal collision
- Frost
- Fuel
- Fuel consumption
- Fuel feed
- Fuel filler door
- Fuel filter
- Fuel filter indicator
- Fuel filter water indicator light
- Fuel gauge /
- Fuel leakage
- Fuel lid opener
- Fuel pump
- Fuel system
- Fuel tank
- Fuel tank filler cap
"" - "Full"
"" - "Full Cold "
"" - "Full Hot "
- Fully-synchronized transmission
- Function )(
- Fuse/ )(

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

G
- Gas
- Gas station
- Gasoline
- Gasoline engine
- Gear / /
- Gear box
- Gear change
- Gear control mechanism for looseness
- Gear oil
- Generator /
- Generator indicator light
- Glove box/compartment
- Glow indicator light /
- Glow plugs
- grease
- Grille
- GVM rating
H
- Hand brake /-
- Handle /
- Hard-steering
- Hard stops
) - Haul (v.
- Hazard lights
- Hazard warning flasher Switch
- Hazard warning lights
- Head lights leveling Switch
- Headlights
- Headlights leveling switch
- Head restraint
- Heat
- Heater /
- Heavy duty suspension
- Heavy mist
- Heavy throttle
- Heavy traffic
- Height adjustment
- Hexagon-head bolt
- High beam Indicator light /
- High mounted stop light
- high-power radio waves
- Highway /
- Higher frequencies
- Holder
- Hole
- Hood reinforcement
- Hook )(
- Horn button
- Hose )(
- Hot vapor

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

 - Hour indication
- Hub )(
- Hub bearing
- Hub bearing grease
- Hydraulic brake fluid

I
- Idle control knob
- Idle speed
- Idling
10
- Idling control knob
- Ignition
- Ignition coil
- Ignition key
- Illumination control switch
15
- Immobilizer

- Immobilizer system /
- Increase
- Increase bass response
- Increase sound from the front speakers /
20

- Increase sound from the left speakers /

- Increase sound from the rear speakers /

- Increase sound from the right speakers / 25

- Increase treble response
- Indicator )(
- Indicator lights /
30
- Induction coil
- Infant capsule
) - Inflate (Air bag
- Inflation
) - Inflation pressure (tire
35
) - Inflator )
- Injury )(
- Initial break-in period
- Insert
- Inside door handle
40
- Inside rearview mirror
- Installation /
- Interchange
- Interference
- Intermittent ring
45
- Intermittent wipers
- internal combustion engine
- Instrument cluster
- Instrument panel
J
- Jack/

50

 - Jack bar
- Jack handle
- Jack head center
- Jacking point
- Jacking the car
- Jam )(
- Jumper cables
- Junction
K
- Key )(
- key code
- Keyless entry
- Kick down
- km
- Knob
L
- Lap belt
- Lap /sash seat belt /
- Lap/shoulder belt /
- Latch )( /
- Latch plate
- leaded fuel
- Leaf/coil/torsion bar springs for damage //
- Leather Seats
- Level plug
- Lever
- license
- License plate
- License plate light
- Lid
) - Light-Emitting Diode (LED )/(LED / /

- Lighting switch
- Lighting system
- Liquid )(
- Liquid ammoniated cleaner
- Load/Eject button /
) - Load sensing proportioning valve (LSPV
- Lock
- Lock button
- Lock knob
- Lock lever
- Lock-up clutch
- Low freezing diesel fuel
- Lock switch
- Loose gravel
- Low fuel indicator light
- Lower frequencies
- Lube front free - wheeling hubs
- Lubricant level

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

- Lubricants
- Lubricating
- Lubricating system
/ - Lubrication
- Lubrication system
M
- Magnetized
- Maintenance
- Maintenance Guide
- Maintenance Schedule
- Manual
- Manual lock
- Manual tuning
/ - Manual/Auto tuning button
- Manual Transmission (MT)
- Manual transmission with fluid
- Maximum distance
- Maximum speed
- Mechanical anti-theft locking system
- Mechanism
- Metal tape button
- Metallic frictional sound
)( - Meter
- Meter Panel
- Mile
- Minute indication
)( - Mirror
- Miss-operation
Mixture of water
- and ethylene glycol antifreeze
)( / )( - Mode
/ - Mode button
/ - Model
- Moderate grade
- Monitor (v.)
)( - Motion
- Motor
- Mounting instructions
/ - MPH (mile per hour)
- Muddy spot
- Muffler
- Multi-grade engine oil
N
( ) N (Neutral) - N
- Neck injury
- (-) Negative terminal
- Neutral indicator light
- Neutral position
- Normal mode
)( - Nut

O
- O2 sensor
- Octane
- Odometer / /
- Off the ground
- Oil
- Oil dipstick
- Oil filter
- Oil dipstick
- Oil level gauge rod
- Oil pressure indicator light
- Oil pump
- Oil reservoir
- Oil sump
- ON/OFF switch knob
- ON/OFF switch button
- Operating temperature
- Operating lever
- Operation acceptance start
- Operation switch
- Outer Seat
- Outside door handle
- Outside rearview mirror
- Overloading /
- Over-running the engine

10

15

20

25

P
) P (Park) - P (
- Park lights
- Parking brake
- Parking brake cables for looseness or damage 30
- Parking brake function
- Parking brake lever travel
- Passenger )(
- Passenger compartment
35
- Passing light switch
- Patch of water
- Payload
- Paved road
- Pedal )( / )(
40
- Periodic Maintenance
- Pipe )( / )(
- Pipes and hoses for loose connections or damage

- Piston )( //
45
- Piston pump
- Plate
- Plier
- Plug )(
- Plug wrench
50
- Pollution
- Popping sound

 - (+) Positive terminal

- Power assist
- Power brake assist
- Power brake system
- Power door locks
- Power drive indicator light
- Power Locks
- Power mode
- Power Side Mirrors
- Power source /
- Power steering /
- Power steering fluid
- Power steering hose
- Power steering oil leakage
- Power steering oil pump
- Power window
- Precautions
- Preset station button
- Preset station selector number indicator
- Pressure release knob
- Primary coil
- Priming pump
- Propeller shaft loose connections
)) - Propeller shaft universal joints and sliding sleeve (4WD
)
- Propeller shaft universal joints and splines for wear

- Protecting against rust and corrosion
- Pull
- Pulsating brake pedal
- Pump )(
- pumping the brakes
- Push button
Q
- Qualified technician
- Quarter window
- Quick defrosting measure /
R
) R (Reverse) - R (
- Radiator /
- Radiator cap
- Radiator reserve tank
- Radio station
- Radio waves
- Rag
- Ram
- Ratchet for wear or damage
- Rear axle
- Rear axle carrier
- Rear brake lining and drum wear

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

- Rear brakes
- Rear-end collision
- Rear fog indicator light
- Rear fog light
- Rear fog light switch
- Rear propeller shaft
- Rear seat
- Rear suspension
- Rear window defogger switch
- Reception
- Reduce
- Refill
- Reflector
- Refuel
- Regular cab
- Regular inspection
- Regulate
- Regulator handle
- Release
- Release button
- Release button slot
- Release knob
- Remote control
- Remove
- Repair
- Repeat
(RPT) - Repeat button (RPT)
(RPT) - Repeat indicator (RPT)
- Repeated short trips
- Replenish
- Reprogram
- Reserve vacuum
- Reservoir
- Reset
- Reset knob
- Restart
- Restriction permission conditions
- Retainer spring
- Retardation effect
)( - Retractor
- Reverse
- Rewind button
- Rewind indicator
- Right and left turning radius
)( - Road
- Road map
- Rollover
- Roof rail
- Rpm (Rounds Per Min)
- Rubber
- Rubber bushes of suspension wear or damage
- Rubber hose

 - Run position
- Rust
S
- Safety
- Safety catch /

- Safety chain
- Safety mode
- Scan button
- Scratch
- Screw )(
- Screwdriver/
- Seat )(
- Seat adjuster
- Seat belt )(
- Seat belt height adjustment
- Seat belt inspection and care
- Seat belt latch plate
- Seat belt reminder light
- Seat belt unfastened
- Seat cushion
- Seat Memory
- Seek
- Select /
- Selector )(
- Selector knob
- Selector switch
- Severe grades
- Shallow river
)) - Shift (v. )
- Shift lever
- Shift on the fly
- Shift on the fly system gear oil
- Shimmy )(
)( /
- Shock absorbers
- Shock absorbers for oil leakage
- Shock absorbers mount for looseness
- Shoulder belt
- Side collision
- Side turn signal light
- Side vent
- Signal )(
- Skid
- Skip Shift
- Sliding gear
- Slippery muddy road
- Slippery road
- Slippery surface
- Slot )(
- Slope
- Slow idling position

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

- Snow plow
- Snow tires
- Soak
)( - Solution
- Spanner
- Spare wheel
- Spare wheel lock
- Spark plug
/ - Spark plug wire
- Speed meter
- Speed signal
- Spill
- Sport model vehicle
- Spot light
)( - Spring
- Spring action for loss of balance due to weakening
SRC - SRC button
- Stalled engine
Standard
- suspension
- Starter
- Starter safety switch
- Starter switch
- Starter switch
- Steam
- Steer (v.)
- Steering assembly
- Steering column
- Steering column Controls
- Steering control
- Steering function
- Steering joint ball for oil leakage or damage

- Steering joint ball rubber boot for damage

- Steering system for looseness or damage

- / - Steering wheel
- Steering wheel in straight and level
- Steering wheel pad
- Steering wheel play
- Steep incline
- Stereo reception
(ST) - Stereo reception indicator (ST)
- Stopping distance
- Storage
- Storage box
- Strap
- String
- Strong signal
- Sudden stop
)( - Sun-visor
- Sunroof

 - Super lock
- Supplement )( / )(
) - Supplemental restraint system (SRS )(SRS
- Support rod
- Suspension joint ball rubber boot for damage 5

- Suspension mount for looseness or damage

- Switch
- Switch lever
T
- Tachometer /
- Tail and stop lights
- Tail lights
- Tailgate
- Tailgate latch
- Tape direction indicator
- Tape program selector button
- Tether anchorage
- Tether strap
- Temperature
- Temperature control knob/lever
- Temperature gauge
- Temperature variation
- Thaw
- Throttle /
- Ticking sound
- Tilt lever
- Tilt steering wheel
- Timing
- Timing belt
- Timing gear
- Tire )(
- Tire chains
- Tire pressure
- Tire rotation
- Tool bag/Tool box
- Torque
) - Touch (v./
- Tow in
- Towing trailer
- Track down/Disc down button /
- Track indicator
- Track up/Disc up button /
- Traction
- Traction hook
- Traction rope
- Trademark /
- Traffic hazard
- Traffic light
- Trailer )(
- Transfer case

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

- Transfer case oil

- Transfer control switch
- Transfer gear
- Transfer gear operation
- Transfer indicator
- Transfer shift switch
- Transformer
- Transmission
- Transmission case
- Transmission fluid
- Transmission shift lever
- Transmitting gear
- Treble (High soprano/high musical key)
- Trigger (v.)
- Trip odometers
- Tuning
- Tuner
/ - Turbocharged engine
- Turbocharger
- Turn
- Turn signal
- Turn signal lights
U
- Under-inflated tire
- Unfasten
- Unleaded fuel
- Unlock
V
- Valve
- Valve clearance
- Vanity mirror
)( - Vehicle
- Vehicle body
- Vehicle dealer
- Vehicle Identification plate
- Vent
- Vent grilles
- Ventilation
- Ventilator
- Ventilators
- Visibility
- Visibility ahead
/ / - Voltage
- Volume control button
- Volume control knob
W
- Waiting time
- Walk-in system
- Water leakage

 - Water pump
- Water separator
- Water separator Indicator light
- Wear
- Wear indicator device
- Wear of clutch facing
- Wedge blocks
- Wheel )(
- Wheel alignment
- Wheel disc
- Wheel nuts
- Wheel stoppers
- Wheel wrench
- Window )(
- Windshield //
- Windshield Washer
- Windshield washer solution
- Windshield washer tank
- Windshield wiper
- Winter driving
- Wiper
- Wiper blades
- Wiper switch
- Worm wheel
X
- Xenon Lights

10

15

20

25

Y
No entries
Z
No entries

eng.yousef.a

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