Secondary IV: Cultural, Social and Technical Mathematics

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Day 5: Triangles Part I
Similar Triangles, Isometric
Triangles & Metric Relations

+ Review

1. Write the equations for the

first two towers and solve
for x and y
2x + 3y = 22.9 cm
3x + y = 16.5 cm
2. Isolate the y in the second
equation
y = 16.5 3x

What do I need on my memory aid

System of equations
3 methods to solve them

3. Then use substitution

method
2x + 3(16.5 3x) =
22.9
2x + 49.5 -9x = 22.9
-7x = - 26.6
x = 3.8
4. Solve for y
2(3.8) + 3y = 22.9
7.6 + 3y = 22.9
3y = 15.3
Y = 5.1
5. Write the equation for
Karims stack
4x + 2y =
4(3.8) + 2(5.1) =
15.2 + 10.2 =25.4 cm

1.
Length of line CD

Distance formula
= (x2 x1)2 + (y2

y1)2

= (0 52)2 + (35 (4))2

= (-52)2 + (39)2

= 2704 + 1521

= 4225

= 65 km
2. Length of road CP
. First we have to determine
the coordinates of point P
. Division Point
P(0 + (120 - 0)), 35 + (0 - 35)
P(48, 21)
3. Distance Formula
. = (x2 x1)2 + (y2 y1)2
= (48 0)2 + (21 35)2
= (48)2 + (-14)2
= 2304+ 196
= 2500
= 50 km

What do I need on my memory aid

Distance formula
Division point

4. Length of line PD
= (x2 x1)2 + (y2 y1)2
= (52 48)2 + (-4 21)2
= (4)2 + (-25)2
= 641
= 25.32 km

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Nathalies Investment
1. Write the rule
f(x) = 3000(1.03)x

What do I need on my memory aid

Exponential Function
Solving for x
Writing the rule

2. Solve for x = 10 years

f(x) = 3000(1.03)10
f(x) = 3000(1.34)
f(x) = 4031.75
Total interest of
$1031.75
Toms Investment
1. f(x) = 2000(1.05)x
f(x) = 2000(1.05)10
f(x) = 2000(1.63)
f(x) = 3257.79
Total interest of
$1257.79

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Learning Goals and Success
Criteria

To identify and prove two that two triangles are isometric

(congruent)

I understand each of the three rules and their specific properties SSS,
SAS, ASA

To identify and prove that two triangles are similar

I understand each of the three rules and their specific properties SSS,
SAS, AA

I can find the proportional ratio of the two triangles

I can use the proportional ratio of two similar triangles to find the missing
side length

To identify the side lengths of a triangle using metric relations

I can re-label the question to work with my diagram

I understand the 4 equations of metric relations and how they relate to

my newly labeled diagram

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Isometric Triangles (MC) (LA)
(Congruent Triangles)

Isometric triangles are exactly the

same shape and size.

To prove congruence: (minimum

conditions)

SSS: Show that all three corresponding

(matching) sides are congruent (the same)

SAS: Show that two corresponding

(matching) sides and the angle between
the two sides are congruent.

ASA: Show that the two angles and their

included side are congruent
Make sure that the triangles have the
same orientation in order to compare
sides and angles

Congruent Triangles Video

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Similar Triangles (MC)

Similar Triangles have the same shape,

therefore their sides are proportional

To prove similarity:

AA: Show that the two triangles have two

angles that match

SSS: Show that all three corresponding

(matching) sides are proportional

SAS: Show that two corresponding sides

are proportional and that the angles
between the two sides are equivalent.

Similar Triangles Video

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Similar Triangles
To

check proportionality (remember that similar triangles have

proportional sides)

Label the corresponding sides on both triangles A, B & C

Big =
Small

Big
Small

=
Small

Remember that in proportions cross products are equal. So we cross multiply to check if they
are the same

12 = 16
6
2

= 18

8
=

9
= 2

These triangles are proportional and

therefore similar.

The biggest side of the triangle is always opposite the biggest angle; the
smallest side is opposite the smallest angle

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Similar Triangles
Missing Measures

Once you have proven two triangles are similar it is

possible to find the missing side lengths by cross
multiplying

Where
do I start?
Step 1: Start with the ratio

(you may want to

redraw the triangles in the same orientation)

Big =
Small
10
5
5u
u

Big
Small
=
u
3
= 30
= 6

=
Small
(cross multiply)

Missing Triangles Vi
deo

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Similar Triangles
Missing Measures

Where
do I start?
Step 1: Start with the ratio

(you may want to

redraw the triangles in the same orientation)

Big =
Small

Big
Small

=
Small

12
=
10 (cross multiply)
x
6
10 x = 72
x = 7.2 cm

Answer: D

Answer: B

Metric Relations in Right Triangles

A metric relation is when a right triangle is

cut at 90 into 2 more triangles

In a right triangle ABC and the altitude A, the

following metric relations apply: Metric Relations Video

a2 d c
b2 e c
f 2 d e
ab c f

**And
remember
that you can also
use Pythagorean
theorem

a
f
d

Metric Relations in Right Triangles (MC)

(SA) (LA)

Where do we start:

We know that this is a metric

relation since we have a right
triangle divided into two
other triangles
We are looking for x, therefore
we would use the formula:
= d X e (re-label the
image)
or
axb=cxf
But we dont have d or e,so we
cant use the first formula, but
we do have a, b and C
8 x 6.25 = 10 x f
50
5

= 10 f
=
f

f
d
c

b
e

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Metric Relations (SA)

Where do we start:

We know that this is a metric relation since we have a right triangle

divided into two other triangles
We are looking for line TR, therefore we would use the formula:
= d X e (re-label the image)
= 225 x 64
= 14400
f = 120 cm

+ Metric Relations (LA)

X
OC is the midpoint
of AC therefore it is
(50+288)/2 = 169

Step 2: Now that we have

line BH we can use
proportionality to find side
NO
Big left = Small left
Big right Small right
HC

Where do we start:

We know that there is a metric relation in ABC since we have

a right triangle divided into two other triangles. We also have
two similar triangles BHC and NOC making them
proportional. If we can find the length of line BH, we can use
the proportion to solve for line NO

Step 1: We are looking for line BH, therefore we would use the
formula:
= d X e (re-label the image)
= 288 x 50
= 14400

=
BH
x 288
=
169
x

OC
120

288 x = 20280
x = 70.42 m
Answer: Line NO is 70.42 m