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DTMMaths

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FunctionName:
DTMMATHS
DTMMathsallowsyoutoperformmathematicaloperationsbetweenanumberofDTMsand
createanewDTMastheresult.
Themathematicaloperationisdefinedasafreeformatalgebraicexpressionusingthecommon
expressionhandlingcapabilitiesavailableinmacros,FieldMathsandStringMaths.
ThenewDTMwhichiscreatedwillcontainasetofpointswhichincludesallthepointsfromall
theDTMs(duplicatesarediscarded).TheZvalueeachofthepointsinthenewDTMwillbe
assignedistheresultofanalgebraicexpressionwhichdefinesthemannerinwhichthevarious
DTMsarecombined.Thedescriptionfieldsmaycontainthevaluesobtainedfromeachofthe
inputDTMsifrequired.
Boundarystringsmaybeused,ifrequired,torestricttheevaluationoftheexpressiontobe
withinregionsofinterestforeachDTM.IfallDTMscoverthesameareathenboundarystrings
maynotbenecessary.
Thisfunctioniscommonlyusedtoassistinmodellingrequirementsinmultilayerstratified
depositssuchastypicallyfoundincoalmines.Withthisfunctionitbecomesincrediblyeasyto
createasinglethicknessmodelbyaccumulatingthethicknessesofindividualseamseach
representedbyseparateDTMs.
FromtheSurfacesmenu,selectAdvancedoptions,thenMathsbetweensurfacestoinvokethe
function.

DTMLocation,ObjectID,TrisolationID,Field
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EachDTMtobeusedmustbedefinedbyenteringitsLocation.Objectandtrisolationmustbe
selectedfromthespecifiedDTM.Thestringfilefieldwhichcontainstheparameterofinterest
mustalsobedefined.PermittedvaluesfortheFieldareZ,D1,D2,D3,...,D100.
Note:IfyouuseadescriptionfieldtoobtaintheDTMvalue,thedescriptionfieldMUSTcontain
numericdata.
Amaximumof26DTMsmaybeusedinanyoneexecutionofthisfunction.EachoftheDTMsare
subsequentlyreferredtobytheletters'a'throughto'z'intheexpressiondescribedbelow.The
letters'a'throughto'z'areconsideredasvariablenamesintheexpression.

Objectname,Trisolationname
Displayonly.Iftheselectedobjectandtrisolationhasname,thenthiswillappearhere.

Default
AdefaultvaluemustbeenteredforeachDTMwhichisbeingprocessedinthealgebraic
expression.Thisvalueisonlyusedundertwocircumstances.Theseare:
1. IfanypointfallsoutsideaDTM,thedefaultvalueforthatDTMisusedasthevaluefor
thepointinquestion.
2. IfanypointfallsoutsidetheoptionalboundarystringforaDTM,thedefaultvaluefor
thatDTMisusedasthevalueforthepointinquestion.
Notethedistinctionbetweenpoints(1.)and(2.)above.Point(1.)isreferringtothephysical
extentoftheDTMitselfwhilepoint(2.)isreferringtotheoptionalboundarystring.

NewDTMLocation
ThenewDTMfilewhichistobecreatedmustbedefinedbyenteringitsLocation.

ObjectID,Objectname
DefinetheIDandnamethatwillassignedtotheDTM.TheIDmustbeapositiveinteger.The
namecanbeblankoranycharactervalue.ThenameisonlyusedinDTMreports.

Retaindescriptions
TheresultantDTM(actuallyitsrelatedstringfile)willcontaintheresultofthealgebraic
expressionintheZfield.ThedescriptionfieldsoftheresultantDTMmaycontaineitherthe
samedataastheoriginaldescriptionfieldsintheinputDTMs,ortheymaycontainthevalues
obtainedfromeachoftheDTMsusedinevaluatingtheexpression.
Respondwith`N'ifyouwishthedescriptionfieldstocontainthevaluesobtainedfromeachof
theDTMs.ThedescriptionfieldswillthencontainonevalueforeachDTMusedwiththevalues
beingstoredintheorderinwhichtheDTMsaredefinedinthescrollingregion.
Thischoiceisusefulasitprovidesyouwithamethodofcheckingtheresultsproducedbythis
function.
Respondwith`Y'ifyouwishtheoriginaldescriptionfieldsfromtheinputDTMstoberetained
intheresultantDTM.Youmayfindthisusefulifthedescriptionfieldscontainsomeidentifiers,
boreholeIDsforexample,whicharenecessaryforplottingfromtheresultantDTM.
ItiscommonthatthesamepointmaybepresentinmorethanoneoftheinputDTMstothis
function.Ifthissituationarises,thenthefirstinstanceofthepointfromtheinputDTMswillbe
retainedintheresultantDTM.

Algebraicexpression
AfreeformatalgebraicexpressionisusedtocombinethevaluesfromthevariousinputDTMs
intherequiredmannerandtheresultofthisexpressionisthenassignedtotheZfieldofthe
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resultantDTM.
ThecommonexpressionhandlingsystemasusedinFieldMaths,StringMathsandtheMacro
Languageisalsousedhere.Refertothesesectionsforotherexamplesonhowexpressionsmay
beused.
SomeexamplesofexpressionsappropriatetoDTMMathsare:
1. Tocalculatetotalthicknessof4DTMs.Inthisexamplethevaluesforthevariablesare
obtainedfromDTMsrepresentingseamthickness.
a+b+c+d
2. Tocalculateoverburden/interburdentocoalthicknessratioswheretheratiois
expressedincubicmetrespertonne.
((ab)+(ce)+(fh))/((bc)*d+(ef)*g+(hi)*j)
InthisexamplethevariablesareobtainedfromDTMswhere:
Variable
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j

DTM
Topogra phyel eva ti ons
El eva ti onoftopofs ea m1
El eva ti onofbottomofs ea m1
Speci fi cgra vi tyofs ea m1
El eva ti onoftopofs ea m1
El eva ti onofbottomofs ea m1
Speci fi cgra vi tyofs ea m1
El eva ti onoftopofs ea m1
El eva ti onofbottomofs ea m1
Speci fi cgra vi tyofs ea m1

3. Theexampleabovemaybeextendedfurthertoincludecostsandrevenuesandeffective
slopeanglesofoverburdenexcavationresultinginaprofitmodelthusprovidingan
economicanalysistoolforseamdeposits.
((ab)*1.8/sind(63)+(ce)*2.5/sind(76)+(fh)*2.5/(sind(76))/(((bc)*d+(ef)*g+(h
i)*j)*25.5)
TheDTMvariablesarethesameasinexample2aboveandtheconstantvaluesused
represent:
Constant

Description
Ta kethes i ne(i ndegrees )ofa 1i n2hi ghwa l l s l opea ngl e.Thi s i s toma kea djus tments
s i nd(63)
fortheextra cos ts ofremovethewedgeofoverburdeni nthehi ghwa l l .
Ta kethes i ne(i ndegrees )ofa 1i n4hi ghwa l l s l opea ngl e.Thi s i s toma kea djus tments
s i nd(76)
fortheextra cos ts ofremovethewedgeofi nterburdeni nthehi ghwa l l .
1.8
Cos tofexca va ti ngoverburdeni ndol l a rs percubi cmetre
2.5
Cos tofexca va ti ngi nterburdeni ndol l a rs percubi cmetre
25.5
Revenueobta i nedfroms a l eoftheproducti ndol l a rs pertonne

Thisexamplecanbeextendedfurthertoconsiderrevenuevariationsbasedonvariable
qualitiesandrecoverieswhentherawproductisprocessedthroughacoalwashplant.

Processing
Thevariousstagesofprocessingperformedbythisfunctionaredescribedhereindetailtoaid
yourunderstandingofhowthisfunctionworks.
1. CreateasupersetofalldatapointsfromallinputDTMsbyloadingandmergingeachof
thefiles.Thesepointswillbeinthefirstsegmentofstring100intheresultantDTM.
2. Loadeachoftheoptionalboundarystrings(thereneednotbeanyifthisisappropriate)
andchecktoensurethatallboundarysegmentsareclosed.Ifanyboundarysegmentsare
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openanerrormessagewillbedisplayedandprocessingwillterminate.Theoptional
boundarystringswillbepresentintheresultantDTMidentifiedasstring1forthefirst
DTMboundary,string2forthesecondDTMboundary,etc.Ifanoptionalboundaryisnot
usedforaDTMthecorrespondingstringnumberwillnotbepresentintheresultant
DTM.
Notethateachoftheoptionalboundarystringswillbeusedinproducingaresultby:
usingthesepointstoobtainvaluesforeachoftheinputDTMsforsubsequent
inclusionintheexpressionevaluation
usingthestringsasbreaklinesintheresultantDTMtoensureinvalid
triangulationswillnotbepresent
3. Filtertheredundantpointsfromthesupersetofpointssothatonlyoneuniqueinstance
ofeachpointispresentintheresultantDTM.Notethatifduplicatepointsarefound,the
pointfromtheDTMdefinedearliestinthelistofinputDTMsistheonewhichiskept
whileallothersarediscarded.
Thisonlyhassignificanceiftheoptiontoretaindescriptionfieldsischosen.
4. ForeachDTMinthelistofinputDTMs,theDTMisloaded,andthenforeachpointinthe
combinedsupersetofdatapointsandoptionalboundarystrings,theDTMvalueis
obtained.Thesevaluesarerepresentedbythevariablenames'a'throughto'z'.
ForanypointwhicheitherfallsoutsidetheextentoftheDTM,ortheoptionalboundary
string,thedefaultvalueasdefinedinthefunctioninputsisusedfortheDTMandpoint
inquestion.
IfduringtheloadingoftheDTMs,adescriptionfieldhasbeenchosenasthesourceof
thedataandanonnumericdataisfoundinthedescriptionfield,anerrormessagewill
bedisplayedandprocessingwillterminate.
5. Foreachpointinthecombinedsupersetofdatapointsandoptionalboundarystrings,
theexpressionisevaluated.Iftheexpressionisevaluatedsuccessfullytheresultis
assignedtotheZfieldoftheresultantDTM.Ifanerroroccursduringthecourseof
evaluatingtheexpressionanappropriateerrormessageisdisplayedandprocessingis
terminated.
Alltypesoferrorconditionsareconsideredintheexpressionhandlingsystemincluding
zerodivide,squarerootsandlogarithmsofnegativenumbers,etc.
6. TheresultantDTMiscreatedbyusingallthepointsfromthesupersetofthepointsinthe
inputDTMs(nowinstring100)asspotheights,andanyoftheoptionalboundarystrings
whichmayhavebeenused(strings1,2,3,etc.)asbreaklines.
OneimportantconsiderationhereisthattheDTMcreationDOESNOTperforma
breaklineintersectiontest.Itisnotuncommonfortheboundarystringsdelineatingthe
extentofdifferentseamstointersectandsotheDTMcreationispermittedtoproceed
evenifbreaklineintersectionsexist.

Result
TheresultantDTMfilecontainstheresultoftheexpressionintheZfieldofitsassociatedstring
file.
Thedescriptionfieldswilleithercontaintheoriginaldescriptionfieldvaluesfromtheinput
DTMfilesifdescriptionshavebeenretained,alternativelythedescriptionfieldswillcontain
thevaluesobtainedfromeachoftheinputDTMs.
TheDTMiscreatedbyusingstring100(thiscontainsallpointsfromallinputDTMswith
duplicatesremoved)asaspotheightstringandanyoptionalboundarystringswillbeusedas
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breaklines.

Processing
TheresultantDTMmaybefurtherprocessedtoextractcontours,toextractsections,forclipping
againstaboundaryofinterest,orforvisualisationpurposesintheGRAPHICSmodule.
Copyright2009GemcomSoftwareInternationalInc.

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