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word pair that best completes the sentence. The third subtest is Paragraph Construction. After
silently reading a list of sentences that are not in logical order, the student must then rearrange
the sentences to form a coherent paragraph. The Text Comprehension ask students to silently
read a short passage and then answer five multiple-choice questions relative to the passage. The
last subtest is the Contextual Fluency. This subtest measures how many individual words
students can recognize, in 3 minutes, in a series of passages taken from the Text Comprehension
Subtest. Each passage, printed in uppercase letters without punctuation or spaces between words,
becomes progressively more difficult in content, vocabulary, and grammar. This is a format
pioneered by J.P. Guilford to represent reading in his Structure of Intellect model. As students
read the segments, they draw a line between as many words as they can in the time allotted.
Studies in the TORC-4 manual indicate that the test has high reliability and strong validity,
especially criterion-prediction validity. The five subtest are as followed and the task required by
the student:
TORC-4
Standard Score
>130
121-130
111-120
90-110
80-89
70-79
<70
Classification
Very Superior
Superior
Above Average
Average
Below Average
Poor
Very Poor
In summary, formal and informal information obtained during this assessment revealed the
following. Justin's academic achievement in the areas of reading is in the Average range. The
sum of the scaled scores achieved by Justin was a 46. Although Justin did not indicated a favorite
subject, the Contextual Fluency subtest was his highest score (14), indicating a relative strength. .
Justin scored a 9 in the areas of Relational Vocabulary and Sentence Completion. Paragraph
Construction and Text Comprehension was found to be a relative weakness which was reflected
in scored a 7; however, his score still fell in the average range & thus is not an area of concern.