PROFIBUS

Design and
Good Practices

Webpage

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

www.profibus.com.sg

PROFIBUS Family
3

ERP
MES
Ethernet
backbone

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

DCS

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

2
3

PROFIBUS PA

PROFIBUS DP

5
6

31
3

PROFIBUS PA

PA coupler
PA link

5
6

Author / Title of the presentation

31

PROFIBUS Family - Principle

4

Agenda

To create hierarchy in the network, PROFIBUS defines 2

types of stations: active (masters) and passive (slaves).

PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length

master
0 1 0 1 0

commands

responses

slave

0 1 0 1 0

Devices Rules
Installation
Rules

network

Troubleshooting
Training

At least 1 master is mandatory.

PROFIBUS networks allow multiple masters.
In total 127 stations can be addressed (masters +
slaves).
Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Communication Medias
5

PROFIBUS Supports 3 transmission media

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

RS 485
2-wire CU-cable for
general purposes

Topologies

Fiber Optic
Highest EMC protection
and wide distances

Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Coupler

MBP-IS
2-wire CU-cable with the option for
power over the bus and Ex-protection

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Coupler

Fiber optic cable

Total Overview of the Technology

6

Installation
Rules

Common Application Profiles (optional):

App.
Profiles I

PROFIsafe, Time Stamp, Redundancy, etc.

Training
Comm.

IEC
61158/61784

Physical
Layer

RS 485
RS 485-IS

NRZ
Intrinsic Safety

PROFIBUS DP
Fiber
Optics:

Glass Multi Mode

Glass Single Mode
PCF / Plastic Fiber

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

MBP
MBP-LP
MBP-IS

FDL + DPV0...V2

Manchester Bus Powered

Low Power
Intrinsic Safety

Descriptions (GSD, EDD)

Tools (DTM, Configurators)

Troubleshooting

Integration
Technologies

Devices Rules

Weighing & Dosage

Identification Systems

V2.0 and V3.0

Cable length

PROFIdrive

Topologies

SEMI

App.
Profiles II

RIO for PA

Communication
Medias

PA Devices

PROFIBUS
Family

Encoder

Agenda

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - General

7

PROFIBUS communicates over a two wire bus structure.

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

sending

listen,
taking over and
answering

listen

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

0 1 0 1 0

117

43

5
listen

listen

Devices are addressed through a network address (0..126).

Devices are coupled in parallel to the bus.
Devices can be hot swapped and position does not matter.
Each segment is terminated at both end with an active termination
Spurs should be avoided as length is very limited
Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Repeaters

8

Single Repeaters

PROFIBUS Hubs

Agenda

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length

Segment 1

PROFIBUS
Family

Stations

Devices Rules

Backbone

Installation
Rules

Training

Segment 2

Troubleshooting

Stations
Segment 1

Segment 2

Benefit: Isolate part of your network from EMC/Noise

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS DP Topologies Fiber Optic

9

Classic Topology

Ring Topology

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

Fiber optic
cable
Coupler

Coupler

Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules

Coupler

Installation
Rules

Coupler

Fiber optic cable

Troubleshooting
Training

Coupler

Coupler

Benefits: Long distances and EMC/Noise isolation

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Wireless

10

Connect your slaves through wireless couplers

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

Wireless
gateway

Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting

Wireless
gateway

Training

Wireless
gateway

Wireless
gateway

Segment
Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Wireless DP
Device

Wireless PN
Device

PROFIBUS DP Topologies - Redundancy

11

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias
RS 485

Topologies

RS 485

Cable length

RS 485

coupler

coupler

Devices Rules
Installation
Rules

RS 485

Troubleshooting

RS 485

Training

glasvezel
coupler

coupler
glasvezel

RS 485

1.0

RS 485

PROFIBUS PA Topologies - Overview

12

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

DCS/PLC

Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules

PROFIBUS DP

Troubleshooting

Junction Box

DP/PA-Link

Training

Segment
24 V

PROFIBUS PA

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

PROFIBUS PA Topologies - Redundancy

13

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

PROFIBUS DP

Coupler Redundancy
Coupler-Redundancy
DP/PA-coupler,
redundant (M = master)

IM 153, redundant

AFS

Topologies

PROFIBUS PA

Cable length

Bus termination

Devices Rules

Automatic bus termination

Troubleshooting
Training

PA Ring Redundancy
PROFIBUS DP

Installation
Rules

Active Field Splitter

Coupler-Redundancy
M

DP/PA-coupler,
redundant (M = Master)

Media redundancy based on a ring topology

AFD

AFD

Active Field Distributor

IM 153, redundant

PROFIBUS PA
AFD

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

AFD

Transmission speed (baudrate)

14

Agenda

PROFIBUS offers the user the possibility to choose

from 10 transmission speeds (RS 485).

PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

9,6

19,2

45,45

93,75

187,5

500

1500

3000

6000

12000 kbps

Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Remarks:
The transmission speed determines the maximum cable
length and vice versa.
The transmission speed has to be set identically at all
the masters on the same bus.
Most slaves detect the baudrate automatically.
Because of economic and technical reasons some
products do not support all transmission speeds.
Some older products do not support 45,45 kbps.

2.1

PROFIBUS DP Cable Length

15

Baudrate vs Cable Length

Agenda
Baudrate
(kbit/s)

9.6

19.2

45.45

93.75

187.5

500

1500

3000

6000

12000

Communication
Medias

Segment length
(m)

1200

1200

1200

1200

1000

400

200

100

100

100

Topologies

Segment length
(feet)

3940

3940

3940

3940

3280

1310

656

328

328

328

PROFIBUS
Family

Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

3 baudrate transitions in which the cable

length reduces with more than 50 %.

These lengths are defined for 1 segment with

32 bus loads!

2.1

Device Rules - Network

16

PROFIBUS Address Map

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias

Service-, diagnosis- and programming tool

1..2

Masters (class 1)

3..125

Slaves (total 123 or 124)

126

Address for: Set Slave Address

127

Broadcast address

Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Most configuration tools block address 0 and 126 for slaves.

Address 126 is a default address for slaves with software
address settings.
Address 127 is a broadcast address (only visible with a
busmonitor).
Maximum 124 DP slaves per bus!!!!!!!

2.0

Device Rules - DP Segments

17

Maximum 32 loads per RS485 segments

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

Max 30 Stations

Max 31 Stations

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Segment 1

Segment 2

Devices that generate new segments:

Repeaters
Fiber Optic Couplers
Wireless gateways

After these devices, PROFIBUS segment

rules are the same.
Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules
18

Grounding & Shielding

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

PROFIBUS is digital communication, not 4-20mA

Ground at both end
Ungrounded shield has no effect

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules
19

Power Lines
Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

Digital communication is sensitive to power lines

Watch out for cable runs in trays
Respect distances for air separation

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Power line too close

Power line are removed

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules
20

Some examples with Power Lines

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Installation rules
21

Proper wiring and component selection

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

Wiring and cable termination is critical

Wrong component selection leads to bad installation
Take environment in account (humidity, sunlight)

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Troubleshooting
22

Recognizing bad installations

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

You cannot use the multimeter, this is digital comm.

Specific tools are required

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules

Cable Tester

Oscilloscope

Troubleshooting
Training

Analyzer

Find wiring errors such as short circuit

Identify missing termination and EMC
Capture error messages and find the source of your
system shutdown
Cost and time saving by using the right tools!

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Troubleshooting - Oscilloscope
23

Good signal
Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting

Missing termination

Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Troubleshooting - Analyzer
24

Capture all PROFIBUS messages

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family

Useful for random errors

Shows underlying conditions
Device diagnostic

Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Training
25

Certified Training by PROFIBUS International

Agenda
PROFIBUS
Family
Communication
Medias
Topologies
Cable length
Devices Rules
Installation
Rules
Troubleshooting
Training

Benefits
Avoid basic errors that cost time and money
Quality assurance for design and
commissioning
Faster project delivery
Better installation, longer operation

Various courses available

PROFIBUS Certified Engineer
PROFIBUS Certified PA Module
PROFIBUS Certified Installer
PROFINET Certified Engineer

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices

Certified by

26

The end
Thank you for listening

Dominique Chabauty / PROFIBUS Design and good practices