Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
RAN12.0
Issue
03
Date
2010-12-20
Notice
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within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
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representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
WCDMA RAN
Directed Retry Decision
Contents
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
6 Parameters .................................................................................................................................6-1
7 Counters ......................................................................................................................................7-1
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Contents
8 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................8-1
9 Reference Documents .............................................................................................................9-1
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes Directed Retry Decision (DRD). It covers both the RRC DRD and the RAB
DRD, and furthermore provides parameter descriptions.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
03 (2010-12-20)
02 (2010-06-20)
01 (2010-03-30)
Draft (2009-12-05)
03 (2010-12-20)
This is the document for the third commercial release of RAN12.0.
Compared with issue 02 (2010-06-20) of RAN12.0, this issue optimizes the description.
02 (2010-06-20)
This is the document for the second commercial release of RAN12.0.
Compared with issue 01 (2010-03-30) of RAN12.0, this issue corrects the error in 4.6 Inter-RAT DRD.
01 (2010-03-30)
This is the document for the first commercial release of RAN12.0.
Compared with issue Draft (2009-12-05) of RAN12.0, this issue incorporates the changes described in
the following table.
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1 Introduction
Change Type
Change Description
Feature change
Editorial change
None.
Parameter Change
UlNonCtrlThdForNonAMR
UlNonCtrlThdForOther
DlConvAMRThd
DlConvNonAMRThd
DlOtherThd
InterFreqUlMbdrTrigThreshold
InterFreqDlMbdrTrigThreshold
InterRatUlMbdrTrigThreshold
InterRatDlMbdrTrigThreshold
UserPercentage
MBDRPrio
MaxAttNum
MBDRFlag
InterFreqReportMode
TrigTime2C
InterFreqMeasQuantity
HOThdEcN0
HOThdRscp
InterRatReportMode
InterRATPeriodReportInterval
InterRATHOThd
TrigTime3C
None.
Draft (2009-12-05)
This is the draft of the document for RAN12.0.
This is a new document. The description about RRC DRD and non-periodic DRD is separated from the
Load Control Feature Parameter Description; the description about periodic DRD is newly added.
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2 Overview of DRD
2 Overview of DRD
Directed Retry Decision (DRD) is used to select a suitable cell for a UE to access. Different types of DRD
can be adopted during different phases of service processing. In this way, the system capacity can be
maximized, and better services can be provided.
Figure 2-1 shows the different types of DRD.
Figure 2-1 Types of DRD
RAB DRD is performed during the RAB phase, which starts from RAB setup processing and ends in
RAB release. There are two types of RAB DRD, non-periodic DRD and periodic DRD, as shown in
Figure 2-1.
DRD Type
Application
Scenario
RRC DRD
During
setup
Description
RRC
The RRC connection setup fails in the cell that the UE tries to
access.
The cell that the UE tries to access does not support signaling
radio bearer (SRB) over HSPA when SRB over HSPA is selected
as the bearer scheme.
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DRD Type
Application
Scenario
Description
Non-periodic
DRD
During
RAB
setup,
RAB
modification, or
DCCC channel
reconfiguration
NOTE:
Blind-handover-based non-periodic DRD cannot work with MBDR. When
MBDR is enabled, this type of DRD is disabled automatically.
Periodic
DRD
NOTE:
Blind-handover-based periodic DRD cannot work with measurement-based
periodic DRD. When the latter is enabled, the former is disabled
automatically.
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3 RRC DRD
RRC DRD is performed during RRC connection setup. When a UE fails to access the current cell, the
RNC performs RRC DRD. The purpose is to instruct the UE to set up an RRC connection in a suitable
inter-frequency neighboring cell.
The DR_ RRC_DRD_SWITCH subparameter of the DrSwitch parameter determines whether RRC
DRD is enabled.
The RRC DRD procedure is as follows:
1. The RNC selects the intra-band inter-frequency neighboring cells of the current cell. These
neighboring cells are suitable for blind handovers. Whether the neighboring cells support blind
handover is specified by the parameter BlindHoFlag.
2. The RNC generates a list of candidate DRD-supportive inter-frequency cells according to the
following condition
(CPICH_EcNo)RACH
> DRD_EcNOnbcell
Here:
(CPICH_EcNo)RACH
is the cached CPICH Ec/N0 value included in the RACH measurement report.
Note that this value is of the current cell.
DRD_EcNOnbcell
3. The RNC selects a target cell from the candidate cells for UE access. If the candidate cell list is
empty, the RRC DRD fails. The RNC performs RRC redirection. If the candidate cell list contains
more than one cell, the UE tries a cell randomly.
If
the admission is successful, the RNC continues the RRC connection setup procedure.
If
the admission to a cell fails, the UE tries admission to another cell in the candidate cell list until an
admission is successful or all admission attempts fail.
RNC makes an RRC redirection decision when the function of RRC redirection after DRD failure
is enabled.
The
RRC connection setup fails when the function of RRC redirection after DRD failure is disabled.
For information about RRC redirection after DRD failure, see the Load Control Feature Parameter
Description.
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4 Non-periodic DRD
This section involves the following features:
4.1 Overview
Non-periodic DRD is used to select a suitable cell for UE access. It can be performed during RAB setup,
RAB modification, or DCCC channel reconfiguration.
Non-periodic DRD can be performed based on measurement or blind handover. Blind-handover-based
non-periodic DRD and measurement-based non-periodic DRD (that is, MBDR) can not be used
simultaneously. When the MBDR algorithm is enabled, other non-periodic DRD algorithms are
automatically disabled.
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After an RRC connection is set up, the RNC decides whether to establish the requested service in an
inter-frequency or inter-RAT cell based on the current cell load and the type of service to be established.
If the RNC decides to establish the service in such a neighboring cell, the RNC sends an inter-frequency
or inter-RAT measurement control message to the UE, instructing the UE to measure the signal quality
of neighboring cells. If the signal quality of a neighboring cell meets the specified requirements, the RNC
establishes the service in this cell. Otherwise, the RNC attempts to establish the service in the current
cell.
For a type of service, whether MBDR can be performed can be set through the parameters
InterFreqActiveType and InterRatActiveTyp.
For detailed information about blind-handover-based non-periodic DRD, see 4.7 MBDR.
If one of the DRD function is disabled, the RNC does not consider the conditions based on which this
type of DRD is performed. For example, if DRD for load balancing is disabled, the RNC does not
consider the cell load when selecting a cell based on inter-frequency DRD.
DRD for technological satisfaction is efficient, but it is applicable only to UEs requesting HSPA+ services.
DRD for service steering and DRD for load balancing are controlled by the related parameters.
If all the DRD functions are enabled, the RNC performs the following steps:
1. The RNC determines the candidate cells to which a blind handover can be performed. Whether the
neighboring cells support blind handover is specified by the parameter BlindHoFlag. A candidate
cell must meet the following conditions:
The
The
frequency of the candidate cell is within the band supported by the UE.
The
current cell meets the quality requirements of inter-frequency DRD. For details, see 3 "RRC
DRD."
2. The RNC selects a target cell from the candidate cells for UE access as follows:
(1) The RNC selects a cell with the highest technological satisfaction.
(2) If multiple cells have the highest technological satisfaction or the requested service is not an
HSPA+ one, the RNC selects a cell based on DRD for service steering as described in section 4.4
Inter-Frequency DRD for Service Steering.
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(3) If multiple cells have the highest service priority, the RNC selects a cell based on DRD for load
balancing as described in section 4.4 "Inter-Frequency DRD for Service Steering."
3. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the resource status of the cell.
If
the admission attempt is successful, the RNC initiates an inter-frequency blind handover to the cell.
If
the admission attempt fails, the RNC removes the cell from the candidate cells and then checks
whether all candidate cells are tried.
a. If there is any candidate cell that has not been tried, the algorithm goes back to step 2 to try this
cell.
b. If all candidate cells haven been tried, then:
If
the service request is an HSPA one, the HSPA request falls back to a DCH one. Then, the algorithm
goes back to step 1 to retry admission based on R99 service priorities.
If
the service request is a DCH one, the RNC initiates an inter-RAT DRD.
For UEs requesting the non-HSPA+ services, If both DRD for service steering and DRD for load
balancing are disabled, the RNC performs the following steps:
1. The UE attempts to access the current cell when its service priority is not 0. If the service priority of
the current cell is 0, the UE attempts to access a neighboring cell with the highest priority of blind
handover. The blind handover priority of the cell is specified by the parameter BlindHOPrio.
2. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the cell status. For details about the CAC
procedure, see the Call Admission Control Feature Parameter Description.
If
the admission attempt is successful, the RNC admits the service request.
If
the admission attempt fails, the UE attempts to access another candidate cell randomly.
the service request is an HSPA one, the HSPA request falls back to a DCH one. Then, the algorithm
goes back to step 1 to retry admission based on R99 service priorities.
If
the service request is a DCH one, the RNC initiates an inter-RAT DRD. For details about inter-RAT
DRD, see section 4.6 "Inter-RAT DRD."
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The
frequency of the candidate cell is within the band supported by the UE.
The
current cell meets the quality requirements of inter-frequency DRD. For details, see 3 "RRC
DRD."
2. The RNC selects a cell with the highest technical satisfaction as the target cell. If multiple cells have
the highest technical satisfaction, the RNC selects a suitable cell based on DRD for service steering.
Then, if multiple cells have the highest service priority, the RNC selects a suitable cell based on DRD
for load balancing.
The RNC also determines the HSPA technologies for the UE in this step.
If the UE requires the DC-HSPA technology, the RNC searches for a DC-HSPA cell group based on the target cell. If
multiple DC-HSPA cell groups have the highest technical satisfaction, the RNC selects a suitable cell group based on
DRD for service steering. Then, if multiple cell groups have the highest service priority, the RNC selects a suitable cell
group based on DRD for load balancing.
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3. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the resource status of the cell or cell
group.
If
the admission attempt is successful, the RNC initiates an inter-frequency blind handover to the cell
or cell group.
If
the admission attempt fails, the RNC removes the cell or cell group from the candidate cells and
then checks whether all candidate cells are tried.
a. If there is any candidate cell that has not been tried, the algorithm goes back to step 2 to try this
cell.
b. If all candidate cells have been tried and the service request is an HSPA one, the HSPA request
falls back to a DCH one to retry admission based on R99 service priorities according to the DRD for
service steering and load balancing.
When selecting a target cell for RAB processing, the RNC selects a cell with a high priority, that is, a cell
that has a small value of service priority.
The service priority of a DC-HSDPA cell group is determined by the highest service priority of the two
cells in the group.
Assume that the service priority groups given in the following table are defined on an RNC.
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Cell
SPG
Identity
As shown in the following figure, cell B has a higher service priority of the R99 RT service than cell A. If
the UE requests an R99 RT service in cell A, preferably the RNC selects cell B for the UE to access.
Figure 4-2 Example of DRD for service steering
If the requested service is a combination of multiple services, the RAB with the highest priority is used when a cell is
selected for RAB processing. In addition, the target cell must support all these services.
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candidate cell supports blind handover. Whether the neighboring cells support blind handover is
specified by the parameter BlindHoFlag.
The
The
frequency of the candidate cell is within the band supported by the UE.
The
current cell meets the quality requirements of inter-frequency DRD. For details, see 3 "RRC
DRD."
2. The RNC selects a target cell from the candidate cells in order of service priority for the UE to access.
If there is more than one cell with the same service priority,
When
the cell, in which the UE requests the service, is one of the candidate cells with the same
service priority, preferably, the RNC selects this cell for admission decision.
Otherwise,
3. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the status of the target cell.
If the admission attempt is successful, the RNC accepts the service request.
If the admission attempt fails, the RNC removes the cell from the candidate cells and then checks
whether all candidate cells are tried.
If
there are any cells where no admission decision has been made, the algorithm goes back to step 2.
If
admission decisions have been made in all the candidate cells, then:
a. If the service request is an HSPA one, the HSPA request falls back to a DCH one. Then, the
algorithm goes back to step 1 to make an admission decision based on R99 service priorities.
b. If the service request is a DCH one, the RNC initiates an inter-RAT DRD.
In the case of DC-HSDPA services, if multiple DC-HSDPA cell groups have the highest technical
satisfaction, the RNC selects a cell group with the highest service priority.
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The service priority of a DC-HSDPA cell group is determined by the highest service priority of the two
cells.
The availability of power-based DRD for load balancing for DCH service is specified by the
LdbDRDSwitchDCH parameter.
The availability of power-based DRD for load balancing for HSDPA service is specified by the
LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA parameter.
The availability of code-based DRD for load balancing is specified by the CodeBalancingDrdSwitch
parameter.
In practice, it is recommended that only either a power-based DRD for load balancing or a code-based
DRD for load balancing be activated. If both are activated, power-based DRD for load balancing takes
precedence over code-based DRD for load balancing.
Code-based DRD for load balancing is applicable to only R99 services because HSDPA services use
reserved codes.
Algorithm 1: DRD for load balancing is performed according to the cell measurement values about the
DL non-HSDPA power and DL HS-DSCH GBP.
For
DCH service, the RNC sets up the service on a carrier with a light load of non-HSDPA power to
achieve load balancing among the cells at the different frequencies.
For
HSDPA service, the RNC sets up the service on a carrier with a light load of HS-DSCH GBP to
achieve load balancing among the cells at different frequencies.
Algorithm 2: DRD for load balancing is performed according to the DCH equivalent number of users
(ENU) and HSDPA user number.
For
DCH service, the RNC sets up the service on a carrier with a light load of DCH ENU to achieve
load balancing among the cells on different frequencies.
For
HSDPA service, the RNC sets up the service on a carrier with a light load of HSDPA user to
achieve load balancing among the cells on different frequencies.
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Figure 4-4 shows the procedure of power-based DRD for load balancing.
Figure 4-4 Procedure of power-based DRD for load balancing
candidate cell supports blind handover. Whether the neighboring cells support blind handover is
specified by the parameter BlindHoFlag.
The
The
frequency of the candidate cell is within the band supported by the UE.
The
current cell meets the quality requirements of inter-frequency DRD. For details, see 3 "RRC
DRD."
2. If the current cell meets the preceding conditions, the RNC proceeds to step 3. Otherwise, the RNC
selects the cell with lowest load from the candidate cell list and goes to step 5.
3. The RNC determines whether the current cell meets the following condition (condition 1).
For
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Then...
Condition 1 is met
If the current cell does not support DC-HSDPA, the service tries
admission to the current cell. Goes to step 5.
If the DC-HSDPA cell group is selected, the cell with the lowest load is
selected. Goes to step 5.
Goes to step 4.
The RNC determines whether any inter-frequency neighboring cell meets the following condition
(condition 2):
For algorithm 1, condition 2 is as follows:
For
DCH service
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Pload,cutcell is the sum of the non-HSDPA power and the GBP load of the current cell.
Thdtotal,nbcell is specified by DlCellTotalThd.
Pload,nbcell is the sum of the non-HSDPA power and the GBP load of the neighboring cell.
Thdtotal,loadoffset is specified by LdbDRDTotalPwrProThd.
For HSDPA service
(Thdtotal,nbcell - PGBP,nbcell) - (Thdtotal,cutcell - PGBP,cutcell) > ThdH,loadoffset
(Thdtotal,cutcell - Pload,cutcell) - (Thdtotal,nbcell - Pload,nbcell) < Thdtotal,loadoffset
Here,
a DCH service
an HSDPA service
a DCH service
a. If algorithm 1 is used, the RNC selects the cell with the lightest non-HSDPA load as the target cell.
b. If algorithm 2 is used, the RNC selects the cell with the lightest load of DCH ENU as the target cell.
For
an HSDPA service
a. If algorithm 1 is used, the RNC selects the cell with the lightest load of HS-DSCH required power
as the target cell.
b. If algorithm 2 is used, the RNC selects the cell with the lightest load of HSDPA user as the target
cell.
If there is no such cell, the RNC selects the current cell as the target cell.
5. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the status of the target cell.
If the admission attempt is successful, the RNC admits the service request.
If the admission attempt fails, the RNC checks whether admission decisions have been made in all
candidate inter-frequency neighboring cells.
If
there is any cell where no admission decision is made, the algorithm goes back to step 2.
If
a. When the service request is an HSPA one, the HSPA request falls back to a DCH one. Then, the
algorithm goes back to step 1 to make an admission decision based on R99 service priorities.
b. When the service request is a DCH one, the RNC initiates an inter-RAT DRD.
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If the uplink load balancing switch ULLdbDRDSwitchDcHSDPA is turned off, the RNC selects either
of the two cells as the primary cell.
If this switch is turned on, the RNC determines the primary cell based on uplink load balancing.
The uplink load balancing mechanism is introduced to prevent RNC from selecting the same cell as the
primary cell for multiple UEs requesting DC-HSDPA services.
The uplink load balancing between the two cells is performed based on the uplink ENU:
During Uplink load balancing, if the serving cell is not in the target DC-HSDPA cell group, the RNC
selects a primary cell with lower load. Otherwise, the RNC checks whether the UL load margin of the
serving cell is higher than the value of ULLdbDRDLoadRemainThdDCHSDPA:
If the condition is met, the RNC selects the serving cell as the primary cell.
If the condition is not met, the RNC calculates the difference between the UL load margin of the
serving cell and that of the target cell. Then,
If
the difference is greater than the value of ULLdbDRDOffsetDcHSDPA, the RNC selects the target
cell as the primary cell.
Otherwise,
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If the minimum SF is smaller than this threshold, the RNC tries the admission of the service request to
the current cell.
If the minimum SF is not smaller than this threshold, the RNC goes to the next step.
2. The RNC determines whether the code load of the current cell is lower than the code occupation rate
threshold of DRD for code balancing (CodeBalancingDrdCodeRateThd).
If the code load is lower than this threshold, the service tries the admission to the current cell.
If the code load is higher than or equal to this threshold, the RNC selects the cell as follows:
If
the minimum SF supported by the cell with the lightest code load is the same as that supported by
the current cell, and the difference between the code resource occupancies of the two is larger than
or equal to the value of DeltaCodeOccupiedRate, the RNC selects the cell with the lightest code
load as the target cell. Otherwise, the RNC selects the current cell as the target cell.
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If
the minimum SF supported by the cell with the lightest code load is smaller than the minimum SF
supported by the current cell, the RNC selects the cell with the lightest code load as the target cell.
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The Inter-RAT DRD is not applicable to RABs of combined services, R99 PS services, and HSPA services.
4.7 MBDR
This section describes the feature WRFD-020402 Measurement based Direct Retry.
CS
non-AMR
PS
R99
PS
HSPA
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3. If services are established successfully, the RAB is set up successfully. Otherwise, the RNC attempts
to establish services in the cell with the second highest priority.
The procedure for the inter-RAT MBDR algorithm is similar to that for the inter-frequency MBDR
algorithm.
The uplink admission control switch NBMUlCacAlgoSelSwitch is not set to ALGORITHM_OFF, and
the cell is in the MBDR congestion state, that is, the formula {Uplink admission threshold MBDR
congestion decision threshold Current cell load factor Uplink admission threshold } is fulfilled.
The downlink admission control switch NBMDlCacAlgoSelSwitch is not set to ALGORITHM_OFF,
and the cell is in the MBDR congestion state, that is, the formula {Downlink admission threshold
MBDR congestion decision threshold Current cell load factor Downlink admission threshold } is
fulfilled.
In the case of inter-RAT MBDR, the RNC triggers MBDR for only a certain percentage of UEs that meet
the trigger conditions. This percentage is specified by the UserPercentage parameter.
only one neighboring cell meets the specified requirements, the RNC establishes services in this
neighboring cell.
If
more than one neighboring cell meets the specified requirements, the RNC prioritizes these cells
based on the value of the MBDRPrio parameter and then establishes services in the cell with the
highest priority. If these cells have the same priority, the RNC randomly selects one of them and then
establishes services in this cell. A smaller value of MBDRPrio indicates a higher priority.
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3. If services fail to be established in the cell with the highest priority, the RNC attempts to establish
services in the cell with the second highest priority. If service establishment still fails, the RNC tries
the neighboring cell with the third highest priority. By this analogy, the RNC establishes services in
the current cell only after the number of attempts exceeds the value of the MaxAttNum parameter or
after the RNC tries all the target cells.
MBDR neighboring cells are specified by the MBDRFlag parameter.
If
The InterFreqMeasQuantity parameter cannot be set to BOTH if the InterFreqReportMode parameter is set to
EVENT_TRIGGER.
If
the InterFreqMeasQuantity parameter is set to Ec/No, the Ec/No value of the target cell must
reach the inter-frequency handover trigger threshold, which is specified by the HOThdEcN0
parameter.
If
the InterFreqMeasQuantity parameter is set to RSCP, the RSCP value of the target cell must
reach the inter-frequency handover trigger threshold, which is specified by the HOThdRscp
parameter.
If
the InterFreqMeasQuantity parameter is set to BOTH, both the Ec/No and RSCP values of the
target cell must reach the corresponding inter-frequency handover trigger threshold.
In the case of inter-RAT MBDR, you can set the InterRatReportMode parameter to
PERIODICAL_REPORTING or EVENT_TRIGGER.
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The measurement mechanism for inter-frequency or inter-RAT MBDR is the same as that for handover.
For details about the measurement mechanism, see the Handover Parameter Description.
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5 Periodic DRD
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Switches for Periodic DRD
The DR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCH and DR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCH subparameters of the
DrSwitch parameter determine whether to enable RAB DRD for a single service and a service
combination respectively. The BasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitch parameter further determines
whether to enable blind-handover-based non-periodic DRD, blind-handover-based periodic DRD, or
measurement-based periodic DRD.
When the subparameter DR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCH or DR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCH is set to
ON, the functions of the BasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitch parameter are as follows:
Blind-handover-based
Blind-handover-based
parameter.
When the BasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitch parameter is set to OFF:
Measurement-based
Blind-handover-based
to 0.
Blind-handover-based
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For
For
The reason why measurement-based periodic DRD supports more HSPA+ technologies than
blind-handover-based periodic DRD is as follows: When measurement-based periodic DRD is enabled,
non-periodic DRD may not be applied. In such a case, the HSPA+ technologies that are supported by
non-periodic DRD can be supported by measurement-based periodic DRD. In this way, the function of
non-periodic DRD can be indirectly implemented through measurement-based periodic DRD.
When measurement-based periodic DRD is enabled, whether non-periodic DRD can be applied is further determined by
the BlindDrdExceptHRetrySwitch parameter. For details, see 4 Non-periodic DRD.
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The
candidate cell supports blind handover. Whether the neighboring cells support blind handover is
specified by the parameter BlindHoFlag.
The
The
The
The
HSPA+ technological satisfaction of the cell is higher than that of the current cell.
If such candidate cells do not exist, the procedure of blind-handover-based periodic DRD fails. In such
a case, the RNC waits for the next DRD period.
If such candidate cells exist, the following step is performed.
2. The RNC sequences the candidate cells according to the HSPA+ technological satisfaction.
3. The RNC selects a target cell for UE access according to the sequence from the highest to the
lowest.
4. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the status of the target cell.
If the admission attempt is successful, the RNC accepts the service request.
If the admission attempt fails, the RNC removes the cell from the candidate cells and then checks
whether all candidate cells are tried.
If
there are any cells where no admission decision has been made, the algorithm goes back to step 3.
If
admission decisions fail in all the candidate cells, the procedure of blind-handover-based periodic
DRD fails. In such a case, the RNC waits for the next DRD period.
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The
The
DrdOrLdrFlag parameter of the cell is set to True, indicating that the cell can be measured.
The
HSPA+ technological satisfaction of the cell is higher than that of the current cell, or the service
priority of the cell is higher than or equal to that of the current cell.
For details about the HSPA+ technological satisfaction and cell service priority, see the Load Control
Feature Parameter Description.
If such candidate cells exist, the following step is performed.
2. The RNC starts the timer for periodic DRD. The length of the timer is specified by the
HRetryTimerLength parameter.
If
there is only one candidate cell and it is the current cell, the UE retries higher HSPA+ technologies
in the current cell when the timer expires.
In
other situations, the RNC issues a measurement control message, requesting the UE to measure
the signal quality of all candidate cells.
3. The UE measures the RSCP and Ec/No of the candidate cells and periodically reports the
measurement results to the RNC. The reporting period is specified by the PrdReportInterval
parameter.
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4. Based on the received measurement results, the RNC selects the candidate target cells.
A candidate target cell must meet the following conditions:
The
The
measured RSCP is higher than the RSCP threshold that is specified by the TargetFreqThdRscp
parameter.
The
measured Ec/No is higher than the Ec/No threshold that is specified by the TargetFreqThdEcN0
parameter.
If such candidate target cells do not exist, the procedure of measurement-based periodic DRD fails. In
such a case, the RNC waits for the DRD timer to expire.
If such candidate target cells exist, the following step is performed.
5. The RNC sequences the candidate target cells according to the HSPA+ technological satisfaction
and cell service priority.
6. The RNC selects a candidate target cell for UE access according to the sequence from the highest to
the lowest.
7. The CAC algorithm makes an admission decision based on the status of the candidate target cell.
If the admission attempt is successful, the RNC accepts the service request.
If the admission attempt fails, the RNC removes the cell from the candidate target cells and then
checks whether all candidate target cells are tried.
If
there are any cells where no admission decision has been made, the algorithm goes back to step 6.
If
admission decisions fail in all the candidate target cells, the procedure of measurement-based
periodic DRD fails. In such a case, the RNC waits for the DRD timer to expire.
If the measurement or retry fails during the procedure of measurement-based periodic DRD, a failure
penalty timer is started when the DRD timer expires. During the penalty time, such a procedure cannot
be performed and the UE can retry accessing only the current cell. The length of the penalty timer is
specified by multiplying the value of the HRetryTimerLength parameter by the value of the
DrdFaiPenaltyPeriodNum parameter.
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6 Parameters
6 Parameters
Table 6-1 Parameter description
Parameter ID
NE
MML Command
Description
Meaning: Controls the validity of the measurement-based
DRD algorithm. Assume that the DRD algorithm is enabled. If
the switch is on, the RNC uses the DRD algorithm based on
the measurement (for measuring the signals in the
neighboring cell of the best cell). You can run the "SET
UMCDRD" command to configure the related parameters. If
the switch is off, the RNC implements the DRD algorithm
based on blind handovers. Note: When the
measurement-based DRD algorithm is used, you need to
measure the signal quality of the target cell before a DRD
retry. This cell can act as the actual target cell only when its
signal quality meets the preset threshold. The
measurement-based DRD is performed only for the periodic
retry flow.
GUI Value Range: OFF, ON
Actual Value Range: OFF, ON
Unit: None
Default Value: OFF
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: Threshold of code occupancy offset between the
current cell and the target cell when code balancing DRD is
applied. Only when the cell code occupancy offset reaches
this threshold can a neighboring cell be selected to be a
candidate cell for DRD.
GUI Value Range: 0~100
Actual Value Range: 0~100
Unit: %
Default Value: 7
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
BSC6 ADD
Meaning: The percentage of other service thresholds to the
900 UCELLCAC(Option 100% downlink load. The services refer to other admissions
al)
except the conversational AMR service, conversational
MOD
non-AMR service, and handover scenarios. It is applicable to
UCELLCAC(Option algorithm 1 and algorithm 2. The parameter is used for
al)
controlling other service admissions. That is, when a service
is accessing, the RNC evaluates the measurement value of
the downlink load after the service is accessed. If the DL load
of a cell is higher than this threshold after the access of a
service, this service will be rejected. If the DL load of a cell
will not be higher than this threshold, this service will be
admitted.
The DL load factor thresholds include parameters of [DL
threshold of Conv non_AMR service], [DL handover access
threshold] and [DL threshold of other services]. The four
parameters can be used to limit the proportion between the
conversational service, handover user and other services in
a specific cell, and to guarantee the access priority of other
services.
GUI Value Range: 0~100
Actual Value Range: 0~1, step:0.01
Unit: %
Default Value: 75
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
BSC6 ADD
Meaning: Specify the flags of the cells that the DRD
900 UINTERFREQNCE measurement or LDR measurement is performed.
LL(Optional)
The value "TRUE" indicates that the cell can be considered
MOD
as the measurement object in the DRD measurement
UINTERFREQNCE algorithm or LDR measurement algorithm. The value
LL(Optional)
"FALSE" indicates that the cell is invalid.
GUI Value Range: FALSE(Do not send), TRUE(Send)
Actual Value Range: FALSE, TRUE
Unit: None
Default Value: False
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6 Parameters
Parameter ID
NE
MML Command
Description
DrSwitch
BSC6 SET
Meaning: Direct retry switch group.
900 UCORRMALGOS 1) DR_RRC_DRD_SWITCH(DRD switch for RRC
WITCH(Optional) connection): When the switch is on, DRD and redirection is
performed for RRC connection if retry is required.
2) DR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCH(DRD switch for single
RAB): When the switch is on, DRD is performed for single
service if retry is required.
3) DR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCH(DRD switch for
combine RAB): When the switch is on, DRD is performed for
combined services if retry is required.
GUI Value Range: DR_RRC_DRD_SWITCH,
DR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCH,
DR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCH
Actual Value Range: DR_RRC_DRD_SWITCH,
DR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCH,
DR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCH
Unit: None
Default Value: None
HOThdEcN0
BSC6 ADD
900 UCELLMBDRINTE
RFREQ(Optional)
MOD
UCELLMBDRINTE
RFREQ(Optional)
HOThdRscp
BSC6 ADD
900 UCELLMBDRINTE
RFREQ(Optional)
MOD
UCELLMBDRINTE
RFREQ(Optional)
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: Measurement quantity used in
measurement-based inter-frequency measurement in event
(2C) triggered or periodical reporting mode.
- CPICH: Common Pilot Channel
- Ec/No: Signal-to-Noise Ratio
- RSCP: Received Signal Code Power
- CPICH_Ec/No: to use the Ec/No measurement quantity for
event 2C or Inter-Frequency periodical measurement. The
physical unit is dB.
- CPICH_RSCP: to use the RSCP measurement quantity for
event 2C or Inter-Frequency periodical measurement. The
physical unit is dBm.
- BOTH:both quantities of the target cell must be satisfied
when performing the handover judgement.Valid when the
Inter-Frequency measurement chooses
PERIODICAL_REPORTING Mode. Recommended value
(default value): BOTH(PERIODICAL_REPORTING Mode),
CPICH_RSCP(EVENT_TRIGGER Mode)
GUI Value Range: CPICH_EC/NO, CPICH_RSCP, BOTH
Actual Value Range: CPICH_EC/NO, CPICH_RSCP, BOTH
Unit: None
Default Value: CPICH_EC/NO
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
measurement report modes have both advantages and
disadvantages. Currently, the traditional periodical report
mode is preferred.
GUI Value Range: PERIODICAL_REPORTING(Periodical
reporting), EVENT_TRIGGER(Event trigger)
Actual Value Range: PERIODICAL_REPORTING,
EVENT_TRIGGER
Unit: None
Default Value: PERIODICAL_REPORTING
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: Quality requirement for the inter-RAT cell during an
inter-RAT handover with CS domain services.
This parameter is used to set measurement control on the
event 3C. The event 3C is triggered when the signal quality
of the target frequency is above this threshold. Note that the
value 0 indicates that the physical value is smaller than -110
dBm.
If the periodical report mode is used, the inter-RAT handover
decision thresholds are used for the assessment of inter-RAT
coverage handover, namely as Tother_RAT in the following
formulas. The inter-RAT handover decision thresholds are
the absolute thresholds (RSSI) of inter-RAT cell quality for
the inter-RAT handover decision.
If the quality of another RAT in the inter-RAT measurement
report meets the following condition:
Mother_RAT + CIO >= Tother_RAT + H/2
the system starts the trigger timer and implements the
handover decision after timeout. If the quality of the
preceding RAT meets the following condition before timeout:
Mother_RAT + CIO < Tother_RAT - H/2
The system stops the timer, and the RNC waits for another
inter-RAT measurement report.
In which,
Mother_RAT indicates the measurement result of the GSM
RSSI;
Tother_RAT indicates the inter-RAT handover decision
threshold;
Cell Individual Offset (CIO) indicates the offset of the
inter-RAT cell;
H represents the hysteresis. Hysteresis can reduce wrong
decisions caused by signal jitters.
The sensitivity of a GSM mobile phone is -102 dBm, so the
outdoor reception level should not be lower than -90 dBm,
considering a margin of 3 dB for compensation of fast fading,
5 dB for compensation of slow fading, 2 dB for compensation
of interference noise, and 2 dB for compensation of ambient
noise.
The values of inter-RAT handover decision thresholds vary
with the handover policy. To have UEs hand over only to the
GSM cells with high quality, you can set the inter-RAT
handover decision threshold to a comparatively high value,
for example -85 dBm.
GUI Value Range: 0~63
Actual Value Range: lower than -110, -110~-48(Actual value
meets the condition: Actual Value = GUI Value - 111)
Unit: dBm
Default Value: 21
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: Interval that the UE reports inter-RAT
measurement results to the RNC.
This parameter specifies the interval that the UE sends
inter-RAT measurement results to the RNC in periodical
reporting mode. It is not recommended that this parameter is
set to NON_PERIODIC_REPORT since the UE behavior
may be unknown.
The GSM RSSI measurement period is 480 ms. Therefore,
the inter-RAT periodical reporting interval should be longer
than 480 ms. If the periodical reporting interval is excessively
high, the handover decision time will be long, and handovers
will be slow.
The adjustment should be made according to the configured
GSM RSSI measurement compressed mode sequence.
According to the current configured GSM RSSI
measurement compressed mode sequence, the RSSI
measurement of eight GSM cells can be finished in 480 ms.
Therefore, the RSSI measurement of 16 GSM cells can be
finished in 1000 ms. According to 3GPP specifications, the
number of inter-RAT neighboring cells should not exceed 32.
Therefore, the parameter value can be set to 2000 ms if the
number of neighboring GSM cells exceeds 16.
The setting of this parameter has impact on the Uu signaling
traffic. If the period is too short and the reporting frequency is
too high, the RNC may have high load in processing
signaling. If the period is too long, the network cannot detect
the signal changes in time, which may delay the inter-RAT
handover and thus cause call drops.
GUI Value Range: NON_PERIODIC_REPORT(Non
periodical reporting), D250~1 D500~2 D1000~3 D2000~4
D3000~5 D4000~6 D6000~7 D8000~8 D12000~9
D16000~10 D20000~11 D24000~12 D28000~13
D32000~14 D64000
Actual Value Range: NON_PERIODIC_REPORT, 250, 500,
1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 12000, 16000, 20000,
24000, 28000, 32000, 64000
Unit: ms
Default Value: D1000
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Issue 03 (2010-12-20)
Description
Meaning: Inter-RAT measurement reporting mode.
When PERIODICAL_REPORTING is selected, the periodical
reporting is used for inter-RAT measurement. When
EVENT_TRIGGER is selected, the event-triggered reporting
is used for inter-RAT measurement.
The RNC provides two inter-RAT measurement reporting
modes, event-triggered reporting and periodical reporting.
Event-triggered reporting
To avoid the ping-pong effect before and after the inter-RAT
handover, use event 3A (quality of the currently used
frequency is lower than the absolute threshold and the signal
level of the GSM cell is higher than another absolute
threshold) as the triggering event that determines the
inter-RAT handover. To improve the handover success rate,
the BSIC of the GSM cell whose event 3A needs to be
triggered must be decoded correctly by the UE. The reporting
mode of event 3A is not changed from event-triggered
reporting to periodical reporting. Therefore, no handover
re-attempt is made when the handover fails unless event 3A
is triggered in this cell again.
The advantage of event-triggered reporting is that the
signaling transmission and processing load are saved.
Comparing the signal quality between intra-frequency and
inter-frequency handovers, the ping-pong effect in handover
is prevented to some extent. The drawback of
event-triggered reporting is that the event is reported only
once and cannot be changed to periodical reporting. For the
cell-oriented algorithm parameters, each time when the best
cell is updated, the inter-frequency measurement parameters
should be updated accordingly.
Periodical reporting
When the quality of the GSM cell reported by the UE meets
the criteria for inter-RAT handover, the delay trigger timer is
started. If the quality of the GSM cell always meets the
criteria for inter-RAT handover before timeout, the inter-RAT
handover is triggered after the delay trigger timer expires.
For the GSM cell whose BSIC can be decoded correctly, a
shorter delay trigger time should be set to indicate the high
priority attribute of the GSM cell. For the GSM cell whose
BSIC is not verified, a longer delay trigger time should be set
to indicate the low priority attribute of the GSM cell. In this
manner, the BSIC can be decoded faster.
If the handover fails, the handover re-attempt is made again
according to the periodical inter-RAT measurement report.
The advantage of periodical reporting is that it can be used
for repeated handover re-attempts on the same cell when the
handover fails, and that subsequent algorithms can be
flexibly developed. In addition, for the cell-oriented algorithm
parameters, the RNC updates the parameters when making
internal handover decision and the system needs not to
inform the UEs of the parameter change through signaling
messages after the handovers. The drawback of periodical
reporting is that it requires large amount of signaling and
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
increases the load on the air interface and for signaling
processing.
The two reporting modes have both advantage and
drawback. Currently, the traditional periodical reporting mode
is preferred.
GUI Value Range: PERIODICAL_REPORTING(Periodical
reporting), EVENT_TRIGGER(Event trigger)
Actual Value Range: PERIODICAL_REPORTING,
EVENT_TRIGGER
Unit: None
Default Value: PERIODICAL_REPORTING
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Default Value: 10
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
MaxAttNum
BSC6 ADD
900 UCELLMBDRINTE
RFREQ(Optional)
MOD
UCELLMBDRINTE
RFREQ(Optional)
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6 Parameters
Parameter ID
NE
MML Command
Description
MBDRFlag
BSC6 ADD
Meaning: Whether the cell supports the measure-based
900 U2GNCELL(Option directed retry (MBDR) algorithm.
al)
The value TRUE indicates that the cell supports the MBDR
MOD
algorithm, and the value FALSE indicates that the cell does
U2GNCELL(Option not support the MBDR algorithm.
al)
GUI Value Range: FALSE(Do not send), TRUE(Send)
Actual Value Range: FALSE, TRUE
Unit: None
Default Value: False
MBDRPrio
BSC6 ADD
Meaning: Priority of a MBDR cell.
900 U2GNCELL(Option This parameter is valid only when the "MBDRFlag"
al)
parameter is set to TRUE. It indicates the tiptop priority when
MOD
the value is set to 0, and the lowest priority when the value is
U2GNCELL(Option set to 15. The higher the priority, the easier it is for the MBDR
al)
cell to be delivered as the measurement object and the
easier to be selected to the handover target cell when there
are many of cells meet the quality condition. Attention, when
there does not have cell meet the quality condition base on
the MBDR measurement result, if there exists a cell which
has the priority of 0, and the type of the measurement report
is periodic, then it can be selected to blind handover target
cell.
GUI Value Range: 0~15
Actual Value Range: 0~15
Unit: None
Default Value: 0
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: According to the R8 protocol, MIMO and 64QAM
can be used together. When the condition is not met, for
example the cell does not support the features, MIMO may
be not used together with 64QAM. In this case,
"MIMOor64QAMSwitch" is used to determine whether MIMO
or 64QAM is preferentially used.
GUI Value Range: MIMO, 64QAM
Actual Value Range: MIMO, 64QAM
Unit: None
Default Value: MIMO
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: This parameter specifies which HSPA technologies
can be retried by UEs. When the HSPA technologies are
selected and currently UE is not using them, RNC will initiate
these HSPA technologies retry for UE.
GUI Value Range: SRB_OVER_HSDPA,
SRB_OVER_HSUPA, TTI_2MS, MIMO, 64QAM,
DL_L2_ENHANCE, DTX_DRX,
HSSCCH_LESS_OPERATION, MIMO_64QAM,
DC_HSDPA, UL_L2_ENHANCE, UL_16QAM
Actual Value Range: SRB_OVER_HSDPA,
SRB_OVER_HSUPA, TTI_2MS, MIMO, 64QAM,
L2_ENHANCE, DTX_DRX, HSSCCH_LESS_OPERATION,
MIMO_64QAM, DC_HSDPA, UL_L2_ENHANCE,
UL_16QAM
Unit: None
Default Value: None
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
BSC6 ADD
900 UCELLINTERFRE
QHONCOV(Option
al)
MOD
UCELLINTERFRE
QHONCOV(Option
al)
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6 Parameters
Parameter ID
NE
MML Command
TrigTime3C
BSC6 ADD
900 UCELLINTERRAT
HONCOV(Optional
)
MOD
UCELLINTERRAT
HONCOV(Optional
)
Description
Meaning: Interval time between detection of event 3C and
sending of the measurement report.
The value of this parameter is associated with the slow
fading. If this parameter is set to a greater value, the
probability of incorrect handover decision becomes low;
however, the handover algorithm becomes slow in
responding to signal change. If this parameter is set to a
smaller value, the handover algorithm becomes fast in
responding to signal change; however, the probability of
incorrect decision becomes high.
The emulation result shows that the hysteresis setting can
effectively reduce the average number of handovers and the
number of incorrect handovers, thus preventing unnecessary
handovers. The emulation result also shows that the UE at
different data rates may react differently to the delay for
triggering the event. For the fast-moving UE, the call drop
rate is more sensitive to the delay, whereas, for the
slow-moving UE, the call drop rate is less sensitive to the
delay. This can also reduce ping-pong handovers and
incorrect handovers. Therefore, for the cell where most UEs
are in fast movement, this parameter can be set to a smaller
value, whereas for the cell where most UEs are in slow
movement, this parameter can be set to a greater value. The
value of this parameter can be adjusted according to the
actual network statistics.
The inter-frequency measurement reporting period is 480
ms. Therefore, the trigger delay time shorter than 480 ms is
invalid.
If the parameter is set to a larger value, handover is unlikely
to be triggered. However, call drops may increase as the
parameter value increases.
GUI Value Range: D0, D10, D20, D40, D60, D80, D100,
D120, D160, D200, D240, D320, D640, D1280, D2560,
D5000
Actual Value Range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160,
200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000
Unit: ms
Default Value: D640
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: If the difference of the remaining number of
equivalent users in the uplink between the target cell and the
serving cell is greater than the value of this parameter, the
target cell meets one of the qualifications to be the candidate
cell for directed retry.
GUI Value Range: 0~100
Actual Value Range: 0~100
Unit: %
Default Value: 10
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
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Parameter ID
NE
6 Parameters
MML Command
Description
Meaning: The ratio of the users which could launch the
handover to inter-RAT neighbour cell.
When the parameter is ALL_USER, it means all of the users
could be handover to the inter-RAT neighbour cell. When the
parameter is HALF, it means only 1/2 of the users could be
handover to the inter-RAT neighbour cell. When the
parameter is THIRD, it means only 1/3 of the users could be
handover to the inter-RAT neighbour cell. When the
parameter is QUARTER, it means only 1/4 of the users could
be handover to the inter-RAT neighbour cell.
GUI Value Range: ALL_USER(All User), HALF(Half),
THIRD(THIRD), QUARTER(QUARTER)
Actual Value Range: ALL_USER, HALF, THIRD, QUARTER
Unit: None
Default Value: ALL_USER
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7 Counters
7 Counters
For details, see the BSC6900 UMTS Performance Counter Reference.
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8 Glossary
8 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
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9 Reference Documents
9 Reference Documents
[1] Call Admission Control Feature Parameter Description
[2] Load Control Feature Parameter Description
[3] BSC6900 UMTS Performance Counter Reference
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