EVOLUTION OF

COMPUTERS
BY: MADISON LEAKE

WHEN WAS COMPUTERS INVENTED?

The first Computer was
invented in the 1830s by
a guy named Charles
Babbage.

BASIC FACT:
In 1837, Charles Babbage proposed the first
general mechanical computer, the
Analytical Engine. The Analytical Engine
contained an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU),
basic flow control, and integrated memory and
is the first general-purpose computer concept.

5 THINGS
THAT
EFFECTED
COMPUTERS
OVER THE
YEARS

BASIC FACT:

There were 4 types of generations of computers before this time period we live in.

1.
The 1st generation of computers was from 1940 to 1955.
Computers were powered by vacuum tubes and used
magnetic drums to store data and memory. The vacuum
tube controlled the electric current through a sealed
container. The container was often made of thin
transparent glass in a rough cylinder shape. The magnetic
drum is a metal coated cylinder with magnetic iron-oxide
material which stored data and programs

2.
In 1956, the second generation of computers hit. The vacuum tubes were no longer
the best thing for running a computer, the latest component to replace the vacuum
tubes is a transistor. The transistor had a major influence on the development of
electronics as it was more reliable than the first generation. It made the computers
smaller, faster, cheaper and more efficient to run. The first symbolic languages
appeared and the backgrounds of high level programming languages were
developed. The first versions of this was COBOL and FORTRAN. However, they were
still generating a lot of heat which resulted in the damage of sensitive internal parts
of the computer.

3.

The era of transistors was short lived because in 1964, integrated circuits became
the next great thing in developing semiconductor technology. Integrated circuits
allowed to place miniaturised transistors on silicon chips. And of course the better
technology enhanced the speed and efficiency and was much smaller and cheaper
to run and the computers were made to be more accessible and affordable to a
mass audience. Punched cards and printouts were replaced by keyboards and
monitors and the first operating system was created to allow multiple applications
to run on one computer.

4.
When microprocessors where invented in 1971, the era of mass usage of
computers began! The 4th generation was started by the Intel 4004 chip.
Microprocessors have thousands of integrated circuits on one silicon chip. This chip
contained the CPU, memory and input/output controls a lot more advanced that
the last 3 generations. 10 years later, IBM introduced the first computer that was
dedicated to the home user. Then three years later, Apple introduced Macintosh.
The development of computer networks began and this lead to the invention of the
Internet. In the last generation keyboards and monitors were invented, in this
generation we saw the invention of the mouse, GUI and other features. The usage
of microprocessors expanded and in present day, the majority of electronic devices
used microprocessors or micro-controllers.

5.
As time has gone on, computers have had a dramatic impact on the way we think and work.
Before the 1st computer was invented, computer was a job description for people who
performed calculations by hand and paper, and now those job descriptions have changed to
SEO, IT Support or Data Analyst.
With computers, we are able to work quicker and more efficiently because of how advanced
they are. They can store masses of memory and data and you can open up many applications
on the internet to help with your work. Computers have also shrieked in size and become
easier to steal many people have invested in laptop and security to lock down their valuable
computers and laptops.
Communication has changed because of computers as well. 9 times out of 10, we would
email or socially interact with someone, using twitter or Facebook instead of talking to them
over the phone or simply meeting face-to- face. For business meetings, you can now
FaceTime other companies instead of travelling to a place to have a conference.