ORBIT

a) equator b) latitude 45 c) latitude 60 d) poles.

MBBS PREPARATION 20. Let gp be the acceleration due to gravity at the poles and ge be that at the equator.
Acceleration due to Gravity (Set-I) Assuming the earth to be a sphere of radius R, rotating about its axis with angular speed , then gp –ge is given by:
1. What is gravitational mass? It is: a) 2/R b) R2 c) R22 d) 2/R2
a) gravitational force experienced by the body 21. Mass of the moon is 1/81 of the mass of the earth. Its diameter is 1/3.7 of that of the earth. If acceleration due to
b) measure of gravitational force gravity on the surface of the earth is 9.8 m/s2, then the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the moon
c) measure of gravitational force experienced by the body a) 9.8  6 m/s2 b) 9.8/6 m/s2 c) 9.8/3 m/s2 d) 9.8  3 m/s2
d) measure of neither gravitational force exerted nor that experienced by a body. 22. If R is the radius of the earth and g the acceleration due to gravity on the earth’s surface, the mean density of the
2. The gravity is measured in earth is:
a) N b) kg c) N kg-1 d) N kg-2 m2 a) 4G/3gR b) 3G/4gR c) 3gG/4R d) 4RG/3g.
3. The gravitational constant depends upon: 23. Certain extremely de se neutron stars are believed to be rotating at about 1 rev/second. If such star has a radius of 20
a) size of the bodies b) gravitational mass km, the acceleration of an object in m/s2 on the equator of the star will be:
c) distance between the bodies d) none of the above factors a) 8  105 b) 20  103 c) 12  106 d) 4  108
4. The dimensional formula for the universal gravitational constant is: 24. The acceleration due to gravity increases by 0.5% when we go from the equator to the poles. What will be the time
a) M0L0T0 b) M-1L0T-2 c) M-1L2T-2 d) M-1L3T-2 period of the pendulum at the equator which beats seconds at the poles?
5. The gravitational effect of which of the following causes tidal waves in the sea? a) 1.950 s b) 1.995s c) 2.050 s d) 2.005s
a) Earth b) Moon c) Sun d) None of the above 26. The synchronous satellite of the earth orbits form:
6. The unit of gravitational potential is: a) north to south in the polar plane b) south of north in the polar plane
a) joule b) joule/kilogram c) joule kilogram d) kilogram c) east to west in equatorial plane d) west to east in equatorial plane
7. The gravitational force of earth on a ball of mass one kilogram is 9.8 N. the attraction of ball on the earth is: 27. For a satellite to revolve very near to the surface of the earth, the orbital velocity should be about:
a) 9.8 N b) negligible c) slightly less than 9.8 N d) more than 9.8 N a) 3 km/s b) 8 km/s c) 11 km/s d) none of the above
8. The length of a simple pendulum for a given time period is l. if the pendulum is taken to a place where acceleration 28. If T be the time taken by a planet to complete the orbit about the sun and R is the mean distance between the planet
due to gravity is doubled, then for the time period to remain the same its length should be: and the sun, then what is the relation between T and R ?
a) 2l b) l c) l/2 d) l/4 a) T R2 b) T2  R c) T R3 d) T3 R2
9. Which of the following cannot be used to measure time in a space ship orbiting around the earth? 29. The relation between the time period and mean radius of the orbit of a planet about the sun is given by:
a) Atomic watch b) pendulum clock a) Newton’s law of gravitation b) Keplar’s law
c) A watch using elastic vibrations d) A average using electric oscillation c) the law of conservation of momentum d) none of the above
10. One goes from the centre of the earth to an altitude half the radius of the earth, where will the g be the greatest? 30. At what angle with the horizontal should a projectile be fired with the escape velocity to enable it escape from
a) Centre of the earth b) At a depth the radius of the earth gravitational pull of the earth?
c) At the surface of the earth d) At an altitude equal to half the radius of the earth a) Less than 45 b) 45 c) More than 45 d) Any angle
11. The mass of a body on the surface of the earth is 6 kg. if we measure its mass on the surface of the moon, it will be: 31. A pendulum beats second on the earth. Its time period on a stationary satellite of the earth will be:
a) 36 kg b) 6 kg c) 1 kg d) 0.1 kg a) zero b) 1 s c) 2 s d) infinity
12. A man is carrying a load equal to his own weight (W) on his head. If he jumps from roof of a building, during his 32. Two satellites of masses M1 and M2 are revolving around the earth in circular orbits of radii r1 and r2. The ratio of
fall, the weight experience by the man will be: their speeds v1/v2=
a) Zero b) W c) 2W d) none of the above
13. A body is playing on a swing in sitting position. The time period of oscillations of the swing is T. if the boy stands r1 r2 r1 r2
up, the time period of oscillation of the spring will be: a) b) c) d)
a) T b) less than T c) more than T d) such as cannot be predicted. r2 r1 r2 r1
14. Suppose, the earth were a hollow sphere. What will the intensity of gravitational field inside it in the empty space? 33. Suppose, there is a planet orbiting about the sun. its closest distance from the sun is r and the farthest distance is R. if
a) 9.8 N kg-1 b) More than 9.8 N kg-1 c) less than 9.8 N kg-1 but NOT zero d) zero the velocity of the planet nearest to the sun be v and that planet in terms of the year on the earth?
15. A body of mass 10 kg is hanging from a spring balance inside a lift. If the lift falls with acceleration 10 m/s2, then a) 2 years b) 4 years c) 8 years d) 16 years
what will be the reading of spring balance? 34. The kinetic energy of a satellite in its orbit around the earth is E. what should be the kinetic energy of the satellite so
a) Zero b) 2.5 kg c) 5 kg d) 10 kg as to enable it escape from the gravitational pull of the earth?
16. Two bodies held one above the other at a distance of 50 cm are simultaneously released. What will be their
separation after 4 seconds of motion? a) 4E b) 2E c) 2 E d) E
a) 2.0 m b) 1.0 m c) 0.5 m d) 0.25 m 35. The gravitational mass of a body on the earth is M. the inertial mass of the same body on the moon will be:
17. Given that the acceleration due to gravity at a height h is same as that at a depth d below the surface of the earth. If a) 6M b) M c) M/6 d) Zero
both h and d are small as compared to the radius of the earth, then which of the following relations is correct? 36. A satellite of mass M is orbiting in an orbit of radius R. work done by gravity per revolution on the satellite is given
a) 2h = d b) h = d c) h = 2d d) h = d2 by:
18. A body of mass M is raised form the surface of the earth to an altitude equal to the radius of the earth. The potential a) MgR/2 b) MgR c) Mg  2R d) none of the above
energy gained by the body will be: 37. The time period of a satellite in a circular orbit of radius R is T. what will be the time period if the radius of the orbit
a) MgR/2 b) MgR c) 2MgR d) None of the above is 4R.
19. If the earth stops rotating about its axis, the acceleration due to gravity will remain unchanged at: a) 2T b) 4T c) 8T d) 16T
38. Two satellites of mass M and 16M are put in the same orbit around the sun. If T 1 and T2 be their time periods, then
T1/T2=
T0
a) 4 b) 1 c) 0.5 d) 0.25 a) b) 7 T0 c) 7 T0 d) 7 7 T0
39. A satellite revolves around a planet in an elliptical orbit of minor and major exes a and b respectively. If T be the 7
time period of the satellite, then T2 is proportional to: 11. A body is projected vertically upward with a velocity equal to one third of the escape velocity. What is the maximum
3 3 height attained by the body?
ab ab a) R b) R/2 c) R/4 d) R/8
a)   b)   c) a3 d) b3 12. Imagine a light planet revolving around a very massive star in a circular orbit of radius R with a period of revolution
 2   2  T. if the gravitational force of attraction between the planet and the star is proportional to R-5/2, the T2 is
40. A satellite is revolving around the earth with a kinetic energy E. How much kinetic energy should be given to it so proportional to:
that it escapes away form the earth? a) R3 b) R7/2 c) R3/2 d) R3.75
13. The distance of the centers of moon and earth is D. the mass of the earth is 81 times the mass of the moon. At what
E E distance from the centre of the earth the gravitational force will zero?
a) b) c) E d) 2E
2 2 a) D/2 b) 2D/3 c) 4D/3 d) 9D/10
14. Kepler’s second law regarding constancy of aerial velocity of a planet is a consequence of the law of conservation
of:
ORBIT MBBS PREPARATION a) Energy
c) Linear momentum
b) Angular momentum
d) None of these
Acceleration due to Gravity (Set-II) 15. The largest and the shortest distance of the earth form the sun are r1 and r2. Its distance from the sun when it is at
perpendicular to the major-axis of the orbit drawn form the sun:
1. A stone falls from infinite far away distance to the earth. What is the velocity it can attain in terms of the radius of
the earth (R) and acceleration due to gravity g?
r1  r1 r1  r2 2 r1r2 r1  r2
a) b) c) d)
a) gR b) 2 gR c) 3 gR d) 2 gR 4 r1  r2 r1 r2 3
2. What is the ratio of potential energy to the kinetic energy of the moon orbiting around the earth? 16. The mean radius of earth is R, its angular speed on its own axis is  and the acceleration due to gravity at earth’s
a) 1 : 4 b) 1 : 2 c) 4 : 1 d) 2 : 1 surface is g. what will be the radius of the orbit of a geostationary satellite?
3. The gravitational potential energy of a body at a distance r from the center of the earth is U. what will be its weight a) (R2g/2)1/3 b) (Rg/2)1/3 c) (R22/ g)1/3 d) (R2g/)1/3
at location? 17. A satellite A of mass m is at distance of r from the surface of the earth. Another satellite B of mass 2m is at a
a) U/r2 b) Ur2 c) U/r d) Ur distance of 2r form the earth’s centre. Their time period are in the ratio of
4. A satellite of mass M is orbiting around the earth at a height equal to the radius of the earth (R). Its potential energy
is given by: a) 1 : 2 b) 1 : 16 c) 1 : 32 d) 1: 2 2
a) -2MgR b) –MgR c) –MgR/2 d) –MgR/4 18. If the earth suddenly stops rotating, the value of ‘g’ at equator would:
5. The kinetic energy of a satellite of mass M orbiting at a height equal of the radius of the earth (R) is given by: a) decrease b) remain unchanged c) increases d) become zero
a) 2MgR b) MgR c) MgR/2 d) MgR/4 19. The value of g on the moon whose diameter is ¼ that earth is 1/6 of that of earth. The ratio of escape velocities at
6. A satellite is orbiting around the earth with a period T. If the earth suddenly shrinks to half its radius without change moon and earth’s surface is nearly:
in mass, the period of revolution of the satellite will be: a) 1 : 5 b) 1 : 1 c) 2 : 5 d) 5 : 1
20. The escape velocity from earth is 11.2km/s. If a body is to be projected in a direction making an angle 45 to the
T T
a) b) c) T d) 2T vertical, then the escape velocity is:
2 2
a) 11.2  2km/s b) 11.2 km/s c) 11.2/ 2 km/s d) 11.2 2 km/s
7. Suppose the gravitational force varies inversely as the nth power of distance. Then the time period of a planet in
circular orbit of radius R around the sun will be proportional to: 21. The orbital velocity of an artificial satellite in a circular orbit just above the centre’s surface is v. for a satellite
orbiting at an altitude or half of the earth’s radius, the orbital velocity is
n 1 1
n 3 3 2 2
a) R n
b) R 2 c) R 2 d) R-n a) v b) v c) v d) v
2 2 3 3
8. The time period of a satellite in a circular orbit of radius R is T. The period of another satellite in a circular orbit of 22. A pendulum clock is taken inside 1 km from sea level, it:-
a) loses 13.5 s b) gains 13.5 s c) loses by 7 s d) gains by 7 s
radius 4R is:
a) 4T b) T/4 c) 8T d) T/8 23. The radii of two planets are respectively R1 and R2 and their densities are respectively 1 and 2. The ratio of the
9. Escape velocity form a satellite of the earth at an altitude equal to radius of the earth is v. what will be the escape acd3leration due to gravity at their surface is:
velocity from an altitude equal to 7 R, where R = radius of the earth. a) g1 : g2= R12: R21 b) g1 : g2= 1/R122/ R22
a) v/4 b) v/2 c) 2v d) 4v c) g1 : g2= R1 R2: 12 d) g1 : g2= R1 1: R22
10. The period of the satellite of the earth orbiting very near to the surface of the earth is T0. What is the period of the 24. At what height in km over the earth’s pole, the free fall acceleration decreases by one percent? (Assume the radius of
geostationary satellite in terms of T0? the earth to be 6400 km)
 a) 80 b) 1.253 c) 64 d) 32
25. Which one of the following statements regarding artificial satellite of the earth is incorrect?
a) The orbital velocity depends on the mass of the satellite
b) A minimum velocity of 8 km/sec. is required by a satellite to orbit quite close to the earth
c) The period of revolution is large if the radius of its orbit is large
d) The height of a geostationary satellite is about 36000 km from earth.
26. The earth’s radius is R and acceleration due to gravity at its surface is g. If a body of mass m falls from a height
R
h= from earth’s surface, its potential energy decreases by:
5
5 5 6
a) mgh b) mgh c) mgh d) mgh
4 6 7
27. Where will be profitable to purchase 1 kilogram sugar?
a) At poles b) At equator c) At 45 latitude d) At 40 latitude
28. If g is the acceleration due to gravity on earth on earth then increase in potential energy of a body of mass m upto a
distance equal to the radius of the earth from the earth surface is
1 1
a) mgR b) 2mgR c) mgR d) mgR
2 4
29. Stars are twinkling due to
a) diffraction b) reflection c) refraction d) scattering
30. The amount of work that must be done on a body of mass m so that it escapes from the gravity of a planet of mass M
and radius R is given by:
3GMm GMm 3GMm
a) b) c) d) none of obove
4R R 2R
31. A body of mass m is taken from the surface of the earth to a height nR above the surface where R stand s for the
radius of the earth and n is an integer. The change in the potential energy of the body is:
 n  1 mgR  n mgR mgR
a)   b)  n 1 c) nmgR d)
 n    2
32. If the earth suddenly shrinks to half of its present radius, the acceleration due to gravity will be
a) g/2 b) 4g c) g/4 d) 2g
33. The period of revolution of a certain planet in an orbit of radius R is T. Its period of revolution in an orbit of radius
4R will be
a) 2T b) 2 2 T c) 4T d) 8T
34. Gravitational mass is proportional to gravitational
a) field b) force c) intensity d) all of these
35. If R is the radius of a planet, g is the acceleration due to gravity, then the mean density of the planet is given by
3g 4GR 4gR 3G
a) b) c) d)
4GR 3g 3G 4gR