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  • Ćus-Rukonić Najnovija Arheološka Nalaziđta U Gradu Cresu

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    Vito Benvin Kaštelanić
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    Ćus-Rukonić Najnovija Arheološka Nalaziđta u Gradu Cresu

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    45 Ansichten20 Seiten

    Ćus-Rukonić Najnovija Arheološka Nalaziđta U Gradu Cresu

    Hochgeladen von

    Vito Benvin Kaštelanić
    s

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Als PDF herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 20
    Recent Archavologieal Set inthe City of Gras rotopovijesno razdoblie koku Cresu adeno je najvigenalaza ie kasnog bronéanog doba koje ijezeno pancnsko-balkanskom ili tv. egejskom seobom (dolazak In- pana ) a najanagajnije promjene na ovom die Jacrana izazvala posjenavala th seoba, skraja XL iskraja X st. rie Kista, kaa ‘do pomicanja i mijetanja tanovniitv ruenja i promijena nasela, zmatnih promjena kulture. Do bitnih promjena u etnigkor sastava jgtva,dodlo je dolaskorn naroda Liburna. Oni su bili pravi medite- dnarod, ponajvide upucen na more, Nime su suvereno vadalisyojim nim vojnopomorskim vjeitinama, a brzim brodovima.,bumarna’, su pod nadzorom plovn put dui cele stoéne obale jacana svet Bartolome} (San Bartolomeo al Monte) Cresnavica (314m }, jeime po crkvci sv. Bartolomeja koja senalazi na njj.Imalaje elipténe sastavijene od ti obrambena prtena, a nasala jeu eneoltiku, kao {otha u nadziranju sigummost plovidbe luke u Mergu,azanju se dugo miso da je jezgra pretpovijesnogi antickog nasela Cresa jt da je pretporijesno naselje Cresa bilo na Gradin sy. Bartolomeja i su novi arheoloski sustavni pregledl, koji su na rem podrugju jeg grada Cresa, u dubokom Creskom zaljevy,to&nijeu wvali Pskel luotoziéu Martins, nai izmedu ostaloga, na povrsinske ostatke pucuju na poscojanje kasnobronéanodobnog naselja na otvorenom niinskog tipa. U vremenu oko X. st. prj Krista je razina mora ddva metra niéa od danainje, to mode znatti da je dio danaénjeg, zaljeva u Pskelu bio dio kopna, odnosno dio pretpovijesnog nar Dreteée budueg Cresa,Postojane naselja na tom mjesty,izmedu 3, omoguéavalajei blizinaizvora pitke vode na Piskelu Prehistoric and protohistoric period ‘Mest archaeological nds onthe island of Cres dateto the ate Bronze Age marked by Pannonan Balkan or Aegean migration (the arate ndo-uropeans) ane the mest significant chan- _gesinchs par ofthe Acai were caused two ira waves of mi ‘raion at the endofthe 12th andat theend ofthe Teh century BC, when c came to moving are mixing ofthe population, the desruction and changes of stements and significant changes {neal a well in heethaic compastion ofthe population i. afer ve arival of Liburi They were indigenous Mediterra ‘nea peoplerinly cece eo the sea hich they ruled by their exceptional naval skilsand ches fast "“Lburma’ boats held under ‘the supervision the waterways along the entre eaten Adriatic “The hil fore of sine Barthelemy (San Bartolome al Mot) of rezivia (24m) was named ater the church of Barho- lomew seuazed on had elipial was composed of tree defensive rings arc was bu nthe Eneolhic as an importane ‘observation pot for mnizring the safety of ravigaon inthe harbour of Mera foralongtimeitwas hough hatte illfoe was the ov ofthe prehistoricand ancient setlement of Cres “The chim tac the prehistoric seem of Cres wasset onthe ‘ui ofS. Bartholomew was denied by recent systematic a ter medieval names Kaso ane Chao probably derived From the aforementioned forms and eventual to toa’ Croatian rame (res es belived chat the arene selement of Cres was end escablshed during the reign of the Emperor Augustus in he Ist ‘century 8Cas the peregrine community with no immune, du ring the rin ofthe Emperor Tiberius (14-37), the setter was gen municipal status. Ces, cogeter with Bal (Capu Insuls) ‘ad 2 unique mural organization. There are diferent pions sbouc time when tein of Ces nd the nlghbourng Kener dards came inside che borders of the Roman Empire. According to.one, that happened atthe end of nd century BC when bia was conquered in the yar 177 BG, te others clam hat it was 2s loeasthe endofthe scenery 8C:howeves om chat time the ian of Ces remained under Roman rule unite floc Wve- stern Roman Empire in 476. which means eras five cents, ‘The esablsment of Roman rule on che ind of Cres mated the beginning of Ronan adiniscative and ecoromic ssn unhich ws refered ince developmencof urban centres setting Roman veterans and gradual Romsanzaon ofthe Libuian po- uation: che most important points were Apso (Oso 2 lrge and song forced con whose importance far exceeded local boundaries nd whose archicectural reir hae been preserved 2s wall hen Capua isle (Bl) Hera (Lubec), Ustrinae (Ustine) and Cops Cex or Cen (Crs). Fac providing support for ths assertion i hit numerous archicologial excavations around the land of Ces eee finds inclucing the remain of val, mosis oof ls (tgula and ibe and many urnsm ticfnds hich can be dated rom te endothe Republic untlhe «end ofthe pie (om the 1st century BC tothe Sth century). v Naina arheolotka naazita u gradu Cresu sa susjednom istoénojadranskom obalom, te razvijanje, uz tradicionalno stotarstvo i poljodjestvo koje se temeljlo na uzgoj Zitarica, mastina i vinove loz. Time je stvorena osnovica na kojo) € se, uz djelomiénu orjen- tacju obalrih naseja.na more (rbarstvo i pomorstvo ),razvijati otoéno _gospodarstvo i u narednim povijesnim razdobljima. Na otaku Cresu, kao i u drugim dijelovima Rimskoga Cartva, nakon zau- 2eéa teritoia, bila bi iavena njegova nova katastarska podila, a Cestice zemlje bi se razaijlilerimskim ratnim veteranima. Veteani su kao nagra- duza svoju vojnu slutbu u rimskoj vojsci, dbijali zemlju ( mss agraria)) iisu dobivali novéan iznos ( missio nummaria ) koji su mogi uporriebitt za kupovinu imanja ili za otvaranje obrta. U ruralnim stedinama objekti rustignih gospodarstava ~ vile su predstavjale centar fivotaa wledno su bile i naéin prodora rimskog natina fivota u sréautohtonih zajednica, pa tako i onih na otoku Cresu Rustiéne vile nsu susie samo kao odmorite bogatijem stanowniitv ili kao njihov dodatniprihod, veé su im iu nekim sluéajevima bile dom, jer nisusvi oni imal, svoj dom u gradu. Takverrusié- ne vile kaa i one prgradske su bile obiéno podijejene na rezidencjalni dio (pars urbana Jina proizvodn do (pars rustica) Ruste vile u Creskorn zaljevu su zapravo bile villa suburbanae ili prigradske vile jer su u njima boravil Vasnici koji su gotovo svakodnevno odiazl u grad kako bi obav- Jali svoje raznovrsne poslove. Zateéera sela predrimskog podrijetla, na tok Cresu, u anticko vrijeme nazivana su vicus U ancgko vrijeme su bile velike potrebe za solju Sojenje ibe i mesa, te proiavodnjaribieg umaka zvanog garum ( radenog od ribljh kr znucri- carnage od srdelail skula) korStenog kao zatn idodatakjelima, rad le velike koligine morske sol, Osim po otoku Cresu morska so se prodava- la ustogarskom zaledu na oblnjem itonojadranskom kop ( Velebit ), koje je trailovelike koligine ovog proizvoda, Scoga sui omanje solane w pligacima uz anticka gospodarstva (ville rustcoe ) na otoku Cresu dotiv- ljavale svoj procvat. Gotovo svako anticko priobalno gospodarstvo imalo je svoju veeu ii manju solanu, u bazenima ili piéacima, pa pretpostav- ljamo da su ih imale i one rustgne vile koje su bile smjestene u Creskom zaljevu. To je bio sustav plikih bazena, kanala i brana za pobiranje morske sol isparavanjem morske vode. Bazeni su bil gradeni na nekoliko razina biiau morske obale, a cljele se na bazene za isparavanje mora ( morar, soracorboll,corbol i servidori ) i bazene 2a krstalizaciju soi ( cavedini). CObitno su priobalne rust vile imale i oman ribnjak (varia pisciurn) 18 The period oFRoman rule overthe island of Ces baught thecon- stretion of whan selemerts ae harbour, the establshmertf the frst sland roads ad fist stable ks wth the neighbouring ‘eaten Ait cos:itabo promoted elv growing and viicu- ‘ture beside rational anil husbandry and agrcuiture based on ‘he culvation of cereals This create the basis in ation to the par orencation of coastal stloments to the sea (fthtes and rmatiee afar) fr the development ofthe bland economy in the fllowing historical erie. COntheisland of Cres aswallasin oer parts ofthe Roman empire is checonquest cf terreory resulted increatonofnew cadasval di vison and plo of ind were diributed tothe Roman vets AS remand for hirer service in he Roman army, vecerans were offered land (miso gar) or certain amour of money (miso nummer) tat cey coud to purchase property oro open trades ural areas, rustic frm balding ile represented che centre of fe and corsequry the penetacion ofthe Rowan way ‘of eco the core of indigenous commurities inducing thse on ‘head of Cres Rus vis served nr onl a places forthe est icherinividulsoras ther extrincome butinsome cassthoy ‘were homes because nt all of them had thee homes in dhe cy. Sach sie vias as wl thos inthe suburban area were usualy

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