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pV = constant
p1V = p 2 V = constant
n
1
n
2
Remarks
p1V = p 2 V = constant
n
1
n
2
Adiabatic Process
A thermodynamic process in which there is no heat
into or out of a system is called an adiabatic process.
To perform an ideal adiabatic process it is necessary,
that the system be surrounded by a perfect heat
insulator. If a compression or expansion of a gas
takes place in a short time, it would be nearly
adiabatic, such as the compression stroke of a
gasoline or a diesel engine.
dQ = 0
dU = nC v dT, and dW = PdV.
From the first law :
dU = dQ dW
nC v dT = PdV
Taking the derivative of the ideal gas law :
PV = nRT
results in
PdV + VdP = nRdT
Eliminating dT between these two equations and using
Cp Cv = R
results in :
dp C p dV
+
=0
p
CvV
Integration gives
dp
dV
+k
=0
p
V
pV k = constant
Remarks
From
p2 V1
=
p1 V2
we get
p2 nRT1 / p1 T1 p2 p2
=
=
=
p1 nRT2 / p2 T2 p1 p1
T1 p2
or =
T2 p1
Similarly:
T2 V1
=
T1 V2
1 n
n
n 1
T2 p2
=
or
T1 p1
n 1
n
T1
T2