UPSCALE-REVIEW CLASS

URINAL

Materials for Mains, Risers and Branches

1. Galvanized Iron, Sched 40 is moderately corrosion resistant and
suitable for mildly acid water, it is connected to its fittings with
threaded connections. It is available in diameters from 12mm to
300mm at 6m length.
2. Polyvinyl Chloride Pipes, Sched 40- its economy and base of
instructions make it popular, especially on low budget projects.
3. Polybutyline Pipe
4. Polyethylene Pipes
5. Copper Pipes and Tubes
a. Type K-used primarily for underground water service. It is color
coded in green.
b. Type L-is most popular for use in water supply system. It is
color-coded in blue.
c. Type M-it has the thinnest wall and is used where pressure id
not too great. It is color-coded in red.

A variety of fittings must be used to install

the piping in the project. Fittings are
accessories usully standardized, used for
joining two or more pipes together.

Fittings include:
1. Nipple- a short of piece of pipe, threaded
on the outside ( male threads) at both ends,
used to join couplings or other fittings.
a. Short nipple- below 75mm in length. Also
known as shoulder nipple.
b. Long nipple-over 75mm in length
c. Close nipple-where threading meet.
}

2. Couple- a short internally threaded (female

thread) at both ends and used to connect two
pipes in a straight line.
3. Elbow- a pipe fitting having a bend and
make an angle (900 or 450) between adjacent
pipes for a change in direction. It is also
known as ell or straight elbow.
4. Tee
5. Plug is used to close an opening in a fitting

6. Cap- is used to close the end of a pipe.

7. Union- a three piece pipe fitting used to connect
the ends of two pipes, neither of which can be
turned. It is also used on pipes that are to be taken
down occasionally. Its parts are threaded piece,
center piece and shoulder piece.
8. Flange- a ring shape plate screwed on the end of
a pipe and provided with holes for bolts, to allow
joining the pipe to a similarly equipped adjoining
pipe. The resulting joint is a flanged joint.
9. Extension Piece

Are used to control the flow of water

throughout the supply system. The proper
location of valves simplifies repairs to the
system, fixtures, or equipment being served.
} Valve Types are:
1. Gate Valve
2. Globe Valve
3. Check Valve
4. Angle Valve
5. Ball Valve/stop cock
6. Faucet/ Bibb
}

Gate Valve- A valve in which the flow of water

is cut off by means of a circular disc fitted
against machine smoothed faces at right
angle to the direction of flow.

Angle Valves

Globe Valve- A valve in which the flow of fluid

is cut off by means of circular disc that fits
over and against the horizontal valve seat.

Check Valves- That automatically closed to

prevent the flow of liquid or gas in a reverse
direction.

Adapter
Street Water
Main

Concrete pipe
valve box or
Curb stop box
To water
meter

Straight Coupling
Corporation
Cock/Stop
Service /Saddle
Clamp

Service
Pipe
Gate Valve
(Curb Stop)

Corporation cock- A valve screwed into the

street water main to supply the house service
connection.
Goose Neck- The part of a pipe curve like the
neck of a goose, usually flexible.
Curb Stop- A control valve for the water
supply of a building, usually placed between
the sidewalk and curb, used to shut off the
water supply in a case of emergency or
should the water supply of the building be
discontinued.

Pipe Tap
- This is used for internal pipe threading.
Pipe Cutter
-Used for cutting G.I. pipe of copper tubing.

Pipe Reamer- This is used to remove the burr

inside the pipe or to enlarge an opening.

Pipe stock and dies This is used to make an

external threads on G.I. pipes

Pipe Wrench- This is used to screw pipes into

or cut of their fittings.

Monkey Wrench This is used to tighten or or

loosen fittings with parallel sides or
hexagonal knees such as valves, unions, etc

Strap Wrench- This is used when working with

brass on plated pipes and fittings, since it does not
damage the surfaces being threaded, it is also used
in places too small to admit a pipe wrench.

Pipe Tong/Chain Wrench This is used for turning

pipes usually with 100mm diameter and larger.

Basin Wrench

Open-End Wrench This is used to pull up

flange bolts and nuts.

Adjustable Wrench This is used the same as

that of a monkey wrench.

Flaring Tools This is used to widen the end of

a soft metal tubing usually copper, to make a
mechanical seal.