Peg idea TUNING WaT esPZ CARBURETOR PERFORMANCE TUNING AND MAINTENANCE All information provided is intended for general guidelines and practices for Basic Operation, Tuning, and Maintenance of Walbro PZ Slide Valve Carburetors. ‘Sarery TUNING Tole and Low Speed Micrange/Part Throttle High Speed/Ful Tretia TUNING TPS: Ser (MAINTENANCE “SPECIFIGATIONS s ee EXPLODED VIEWS: SAFETY ‘Ae with any carburetor or fuel system, care must be takon to avold fire from loaking or spilled fuol. 52 ‘ure all gaskets and seals ae in good condition and properly assembled. Dispose of any drained or sped fuel (Check condition of ue lines and connections before every Use. Fuel must be crained fom the system f vehicle or engine Is not stored or wansported ina level position. It is necessary to check the carburetor slide for froe movement through the full range of travel any ‘time the carburetor has been removed, installed, or adjusted and before starting the engine. Remove air fiter and visualy contr the side valve is fully closed as te trot is released. Work the throttle control from closed to fly open and watch for ay sticking or hang-up. Engines could start with an open thotte resulting in a runaway vehicle. Always install the correct return spring forthe carburetor and use an adltional return spring on the throttle ped! as needed. Motorsports are dangerous and can lead to injury or death. PEREORVANGE TUNNG 2TUNING ich and Lean: An internal combustion ‘engine needs a spectc ratio or ‘mixture ofa and fie! for best performance. Thi mixture is dolered by the carburetor Inthe folowing clscuseion numerous references wil be made tothe air and fuel mixture (airfvel rate) being rich or lean. Rich refers to a mixture with an excess of fue. Lean refers toa modture with an excess of ai Float height Parts involves: 1 Flat ‘Inlet Needle “The foat height controls the fuel level inthe float bow, This adjustment ‘determines the point at which the inlet needa opens as the fue evel drops: in the bowl. Fat height is usualy “reasured with the float bowl removed Landis specifies from the carburetor body to an edge or surface on the float. The float should be esting on ‘the inlet needle but not depressing the spring under the needa stem winen {this measurements taken. To adjust, ‘carefully Bend the tab where I makes ‘contact withthe iret needle. “The float height should be adjusted before any other adjustments are ‘made. A higher fuel evel wil cause {richer mixture and possibly excess ‘verfow from the vents. A lower fuel level wil a cause a leaner mixture ‘and could lead to an engine miss or cut-out while cornering. Stat at ‘ho specified height and change as ‘needed for best performance on different type of tracks, “The oat drop should aso be ‘checked. The proper adjustment will prevent the needle rom puling too {ar out ofthe inlet seat and becoming ‘tuck n the open positionIdle and Low Speed * Pot Jet ile Jet, Slow Jet) Carburetor tuning at idle and tow, speed is accomplished by adiusting ‘he ldle Mixture Screw, the Plot (or Idle Jot, and lle Spesd Screw. Those ‘aglusiments will contol cle speed, idle quality, and intial responsiveness! acceleration ofthe engine, “The sorew inthe center ofthe side cof the carburetor Body is he ile Speed adjustment, TMs srew holds ‘the tote slide valve open slightly 1 obtain the deslred engine rpm at closed trot. Turning the idle ‘speed sorew clockuige val nresse pm. Turning eourter-clockwise will ‘decrease rpm. ‘The Pilot Jot is scrowed into the carburetor body and is located inside the float bow. Gee photo, next page.) ‘The Plot Jet maters the amount of {uel entering the low speed ereut. A larger or srailer et will change fuel flow accordingly. The size ofthe jt in rmlimeters i stamoed on “The idle Minture Screw can be either ‘an ai-or fuel adjustment so it should bo determined what type of change you are making. A mixture screw {nthe ai fitor side of tho PZ22 Carburetor isan aironly adjustment 50 opening the serew (turing Counterclockwise) wil increase the fir bloed and lean the more. The mixture screw on the engine side Of the P226 carburstors a fue! Agstment. Opening the screw wil alow more fuel into the engine for Ficher mixture For an initial setting, gently turn the mixture screw in uni ightly seats of stops. Back out the specified number ‘of tums. The optimum sting ofthe ‘mixture screw wil usually resutt inthe Fighest rpm with the throttle closed. {As the amount of fuels varied the fengine rpm wil also var. With throttle Closed and engine warm and running ator sightly above desired icte speed, Slowiy turn the ile Mixture Serevs in ‘oF out o obtain the highest rpm. Then Sel the idle speed screw to obtain the Sesied rpm, a smooth ile cannot be set with the leo mixture serow botwoon V4 t0 2% turn out, rif the engine does not respond fo adjustment, a ciferent size Pilot Jet may be needed. The pt jt, fsa called leer stow jet, controls ‘the amount of fuel a idle and throttle positions up to 4 open. ithe mixture Feedle cannat be leaned out enough, ‘smaller Pilot Jet snould be insaled. A latoer jot should be installed i the mixture is too lean. The proper Pilot Jet size wil alow a saistactory sting with tha mixture sere PZ26 ‘te Speed tate Mixture ScrewRee arE TneROS To richen the part throttle operation, Imove to cipher ower noth, Panes Trae areas eer SpetNeel ateJo ee ec eaten nae Ma Nez oeed in wiot a eee Toler pet throte operation move the ci to ne ‘Tne Jot Nese primary conto fuel Nex higher postion. The notch at he flow between 10% and 75% throttle 10 of the needle would be cons cponing. The dot Needs ethe ong. the fistpostion teanes, Needle narrow heeds in thecenter ofthe aber reference letters ae stamped.on throtte side valve, The needle can te needle foridentitation, be sen when te thot is opened. Itishetdn place inthe conor oF he \ozmon ol pont nese oars throttle age by a V-shaped ep, oo riage cima os ‘The Jet Needle has fe notches et anc aG-clp which determines tne £ postion of the needle inthe side ie Erased on which notch the eip s Placed in. By varying the height of the heed relation to hate opening, + a pamennae i the amount of taper of th nee in ‘morn orome the main nozzle wil change the fel mature, RAISING THE NEEDLE IN THE SLIDE = RICHER MIXTURE + LOWERING THE NEEDLE IN THE SLIDE = LEANER MIXTURE ‘Sous te taped nena rtang ciple ples ar it ol th fo eee cay High Speed/Full Throttle Pars Involved: * Main Jet ‘The Main Jet controls the fue flow al throttle postions of one-half 0 ful throttle. The Main Jets located inside the foat bow! ands screwed into the bottom of the Emulsion Tube in the canter ofthe carburetor body. The Jet size or ciametern milimeters Stamped on het larger ameter Jet allows more fuel flow and a richer mixture, Anitude and weather conditions an atfect the engine operation enough to feaule changing the eof the Man ot High a temperature, um, > atitude could requte a smaller ‘Aan Jet. Low temperature, humidity, atte would eure saroer Siameter Main JtTUNING TIPS Gasoline isthe typical fuel used {or internal combustion engines. In ‘some racing appications methanol ‘alcohols used for fuel. When using ‘Alcohal the engine must consume pproximataly twice as much fuel a6 ‘ith gatoline. Fortis reason some parts need tobe replaced fr proper {uring The main nozzle, main and pilot jets, andthe jet needle need to Be replaced wit te proper size ta carburetor nae been working ‘well and then develops a problem, ‘the most ikaly causa dt oF ‘contamination inthe carburetor. Dirt ‘an plug ets or get stuck in the inlet neaale and cause fleocing.Itwil save timein thelong run tobe sure you are working witha clean carburetor. Ifthe engine performance seems to ‘change oriol/low speed runing seems erratic, check forse Carburetor and manifeld mounting Botts o leaking gaskets or seals. This can cause a vacuum leak and lean condition. ‘Symptoms of arich mixture are: + Black smoke or popping in the ‘exhaust + Aft” running engine or dull ‘sound + Runs worse as engine warms ‘Symptoms of alean mixture ae: ‘High eyindarhoad or exhaust temperature + Backfire/oopping from the ‘carburetor «+ Buns better with partial choke + Surging or euiting out 1 Pinging or rating sound trom engine under load The Plot Jet, oe Mixture Sorew and Jet Neeae will have the most effect ‘on acceleration rom closed thot ‘Aight rich ile mixture may help ‘acoeteration Moving the position ofthe Jet New ‘clips a good quick adjustment for a ange nar temp. This wl hap wth {rote response and comer ext ‘The Main Jot will have the greatest fect at wide open trot but wil ‘also affect mic-range operation ‘After Main Jet change t may be ‘necessary to move the Jet Neodla postion for best results. ‘The optimum float height setting ‘may change rom track to track: A ‘ough ack or an engine rite Certain comers may roaui afloat Sjustet. I the carburetor can be {otated on the manifold, it may help to {en the carburetor a few deges to ‘compensate for a problem comer or {or oval acks. SET-UP Tae throtle/pedal rato isan item that can be talored to suit the vers syle and beneft overall fengine performance. By changing the distance ftom the pedal pvot to the port the trotie cable or linkage attaches tothe pedal, the carburetor {ction can be slowed down to help {rote control on aslck or rough teack or smooth outa choppy diver. ITISIMPORTANT TO HAVE A FIXED. ‘STOP ON THE THROTTLE PEDAL. ‘This wil reduce wear on the throttle cable and carburetar. Remove the Sr iter ard visualy conti that the throtle side reaches the wide open poston just a tha pada hit tho ‘Stop. The side should also fly close ‘with some slack in the eable withthe ‘Pedal released. Idle speed cannot be Seti the pedals noiging the side Pertally open. ‘Seal the pedal end ofthe cable ‘housing rom dit. Dirt will migrate up the throttle housing especialy on a ‘et track. Gt or debris onthe side PERFORMANCE TUNING 6 ‘could cause sticking. A rubber cap ‘canbe used on the end ofthe cable housing with a smal hols trough t Tor the cable to side tough. A dab of ‘Bicone could ao be Usea athe end ‘of the cable rousing. Te cable housing Should also be sealed by the rubber Boot onthe top of carburetor cap. For the cable hook-up, remove the ‘oer, sping ard slide assombly. USE CAUTION while unserewing the cover a8 twill have spring tension behind It’ Make a note ofthe orientation of the sige valve. The small groove on the side wil ign with @ small guide pin in the bore. Tread tho cable ist thru the boot snd cover, then thru the centr ofthe spring and finaly tru the top of tho slide and hook the ball end Under the bottom af the slide. See photo) ‘Tne hose attached to the bottom of the carburetor i or fue overtaw from the bows I'should be routed down for proper draining Fuel pressure requirements are 1-8 psiMAINTENANCE Dratning carburetor ‘The carburetor should be “purged” ‘of alcohol a tho and of every day ‘fuming, Alcohol ie very carosive and vill Cause alt of problems if left inthe carb. The fuel lne should be lunhooked at the carburetor andthe bow dain screw opened to drain any {ue inthe system. Another option is. {orun the engine on gasoline unt t stalls. This wil fush any alcohol out ‘ofthe system. The carburetor should Also be drained at last atthe end of the season when running gasoline. Fitters Always use an ine fuel fiter to prevent contamination inside the Carburetor. Air fiters shoul tthe Carburetor propery and be kept clean. Bowl gasket When reinstaling the lat bow! you ‘may find the gasket does not ft properly. Ifthe gasket is too small it canbe stretched to fit the groove. If itis wet t may swell signtly and can be set aside to dry and return tothe rope size. If you are ding a ot of ‘disassembly for tuning it may help to have extra gaskets. Cleaning/inspection (Once a ear tha carburetor shoule bbe disassembled for cleaning and inspection. Look for wear onthe et ‘needle and inet tip Inspect andor replace o-ings and seals. I cleaning Is necessary a toothpick will work for clearing any holes such as ets. FRomove the Inlet Neca and use a Qttp to clean the inside ofthe inlet ‘seat. Compressed aii also usaful to remove contamination. The pilot et has a very small metering orice. fit ‘cannot be blown out it wl Ikaly need tobe replaced. Always use a stop on the gas pedal “This reduces wear onthe carburetor ‘and the chanoe ofa stuck throttle. SPECIFICATIONS Pz26a63 ‘Main Jet 98 Plot Jet: 38 ‘Main Nozzle Diameter. 2.6 set Needle: CDB/3" note ‘Mixture Screw: 1 turn Float Height: 4mm (550) Pz22A15: Main Jet: 95, Pilot Jet: 32 Main Nozzle Diameter: 2.6 ‘Jot Needle: BGBY2~ notch Mixture Sorewe 1 Ys turn Float Height 22.0mm (360in) PERFORMANCE TUNING 7intbro Engine Management (Cass ity, 48726 Ena: esteerveaiator com Enabling Machines That Make Life Better PERFORMANCE TUNNG &