17

PRINCIPLES
OF
ENGINEERING
BY: Yasmine Elkhorchi 9D

MATERIALS
A materials engineer has the primary responsibilities of creating,
developing, and experimenting with various materials, that are used in
industry to create products.They need to have experience with hands
on making materials and a college education.

Plastic
rubber

CHEMICAL
Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies physical sciences
(ex. chemistry and physics) and life sciences (ex. biology, microbiology and
biochemistry) together with mathematics and economics to produce, transform,
transport, and properly use chemicals, materials and energy.

toothpaste is a
chemical

bioengineering/biomedical
Biomedical engineering (BME) is the application of engineering principles and
design concepts to medicine and biology for healthcare purposes (e.g. diagnostic
or therapeutic).
medicine

process
Process Engineering focuses on the design, operation, control, and optimization
of chemical, physical, and biological processes.

civil
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the
design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built
environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.

enviornmental
Environmental engineering is the integration of sciences and engineering principles to
improve the natural environment, to provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation
and for other organisms, and to clean up pollution sites.] Environmental engineering can also
be described as a branch of applied science and technology that addresses the issue of
energy preservation, production asset and control of waste from human and animal
activities.

transport
Transportation engineering or transport engineering is the application of
technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation
and management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide for
the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and
environmentally compatible movement of people and goods (transport).

electrical/electronic
Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that
generally deals with the study and application of electricity,
electronics, and electromagnetism.

Software
Software engineering is the study and an application of
engineering to the design, development, and maintenance of
software.

optical
Optical engineering is the field of study that focuses on applications of optics.
Optical engineers design components of optical instruments such as lenses,
microscopes,telescopes, and other equipment that utilizes the properties of light.
Other devices include optical sensors and measurement systems, lasers,
fiber optic communication systems,optical disc systems.

power
Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of
energy engineering that deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and
utilization of electric power and the electrical devices connected to such systems
including generators, motors and transformers.

mechanical
Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies the principles of
engineering, physics, and materials science for the design, analysis,
manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It is the branch of
engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of machinery.

aerospace
Aerospace engineering is the primary field of engineering concerned with the
development of aircraft and spacecraft. It is divided into two major and overlapping
branches:aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering.

manufacturing
Manufacturing engineering is a discipline of engineering dealing with different
manufacturing practices and includes the research, design and development of
systems, processes, machines, tools, and equipment.

thermal
Heating or cooling of processes, equipment, or enclosed environments are within the purview of thermal engineering.
One or more of the following disciplines may be involved in solving a particular thermal engineering problem:
Thermodynamics
Fluid mechanics
Heat transfer
Mass transfer
Thermal engineering may be practiced by mechanical engineers and chemical engineers.
One branch of knowledge used frequently in thermal engineering is that of thermofluids

nuclear
Nuclear engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application
of the breakdown (fission) as well as the fusion of atomic nuclei and/or the
application of other sub-atomic physics, based on the principles of nuclear
physics.

petroleum
Petroleum engineering is a field of engineering concerned with the activities
related to the production of hydrocarbons, which can be either crude oil or natural
gas. Exploration and Production are deemed to fall within the upstream sector of
the oil and gas industry.