Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
HIGH YIELD
USMLE STEP 2 CS
THE BEST MNEMONICS EVER
20+ Mnemonics cover ALL possible cases you may
encounter in USMLE step 2 CS exam.
30+ EXTRA tips for the most common mistakes.
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
Contents
Mnemonics
Tips
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
Bonus
In these notes, you will find mnemonics that cover all possible cases
you may have in USMLE step 2CS exam. So, you will feel comfort
during history taking session.
But we will be very happy to receive your comments, modifications
and new creative mnemonics.
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
UG Hx:
+ FINISH CUP
HEADACHE
DIAGRAM
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
smile
1
sit
crawl
6
walk
12
talk
15
dress
30
ObGyn Hx :
FLAG HIV WC
F Fatigue
L Libido
A Anorexia nervosa /Anxiety & Depresion
G Galactorrhea
H Hair & skin changes ( for Hypothyroid/Hirsutism of PCOS)
Headaches
Hot flushes
I Insomnia
V Visual disturbance / voice change Deep
W Wt change & Appetite & Diet
C Cold intolerance & Constipation
Premenopause :
HADOC
H Hot flashes
A Atrophy of vagina
D Dryness of vagina
O Osteoporosis (council) increase wt bearing exercise,vit D-ca
C Coronary artery disease
Any Female>50 yr: ask about:
1-R u taking vit. D & Ca ?
2-have u ever tried HRT?
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
10
Domestic Abuse
SAFE GARDS
S Safety inquiry (Do you feel safe at home?), Sex ever forced?
A Alcohol abuse (does your husband abuse alcohol?)
Addict (does husband use recreational drugs)
F Friends/Family who are aware (Dose any1 f ur friend/Fam know of this)
Fractures (Abuse ever resulted in fractures?)
E Emergency plan (u have emergency plan?), Ever tried to leave/divorce?Why not?
G Guns at home (are there any weapons @ home?)
A Afraid of husband , Attacked Children?Attacked u with Guns?
R Relationships with husband (how is ur relationship with husband? do you feel
Threatened when he is around?, For how long?
D Depression (lost wt/appetite/sleep)
S Suicidal (idea/plan/attempt) (ever felt like ending it all up?)
Diabetic pt. FU/Med Refill
DIABETICS
D Duration of disease
Diet (Sugar/Salt/Fatty foods)
I Insulin regimen/ oral hypoglyemics regimen/ Compliant?
Who gives u insulin?where?SE?
A A1c hg -> Gluc. monitoring (fast, home, HgA1c)
Appetite/Diet / Weight
B Blurry vision (retinopathy)
E Extremity (foot ulcer/infection)
Exercise ( for obese/sedentary life styles)
Eye exam (annual routine)
T Tingling/numbness (neuropathy)
I Infections (Resp/urinary)
C Cardio Risk Factors (HTN, CHOL, Heart disease)
S Sugar Checkup/ last time?
Sex
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
11
+MMSE
Consciousness LOC;duration?
A Aura b4 problem;Sounds,Lights,Smell
P Palpitations
H Headache/ Lightheaded /Hearing loss &Tinnitus
I Incontinence urine/Bowel
T Tongue biting/Trauma& fall
N Nausea & vomit
Sight Vision
Speech difficulties
Seizure Shaking;duration?
Spinning
G Gait
B Breathing Difficulty
Before LOC:
+ Aura
+ Palpitation
+ Dizzy
+ Vision
+ Nausea/vomit
+ Dif breathing
During LOC:
+ Attending person?
+ shaking/something
coming from mouth
+ Incontinence
urine/stool
+ Tongue bitting
After LOC:
+ Confusion
+ Concentration
+ Weakness/ting/numb
+ Gait
+ Headache
NLBR,SIR
after me C-A-T cat, apple, tree , Please try to remember them, I will ask
you to repeat them later
S Spell: Please spell world backwards?
I Eye: Please close your eyes. Open your eyes
I Identify :Now I'm going to point at 3 different objects. You have to tell me
their names
R Recall: Now tell me what were the three names I told you to remember
earlier" [C-A-T]
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
12
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
13
Foot/Heel/Knee/Shoulder/Back pain
S Sleep (difficulties falling/maintain asleep, wake up, snoring, med. to help sleep,
how many hours, nightmares),
Suicide: thoughts, plan, attempts (do u have pills/guns @ home? )
Stress
Support
I Interest, What do you do in your free time? How are you doing in your job? do you
enjoy what you do?
G Guilty
M Mood. ( anxious, sad, hopeless, lonely?
Memory problems
E Energy
C Concentration
A Appetite, changes in your Weight
Attitude towards life (positive/negative frame of mind)
P Psychomotor agitation/retardation (do you feel easily agitated or angry/do u feel
not to do anything?)
Psychiatric Delusions, Hallucinations, Hopes
T Thyroid dysfunctions (ABCD HV for HYPOTHYROID)
also need to ask :
Do u realize that u have problem ?
Do u want help? ( if patient was sent or asked by anyone to consult doc )
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
14
Hearing loss:
P Pain
D Discharge
F FB
I Imbalance / Infection
N Noise
R Ringing
S Spinning
T Trauma / Tinnitus
THYROID:
HV
A APPETITE/DIET
B BOWEL
C COLD INTOLERANCE
D DEPRESSION
H HAIR/SKIN
V VOICE-Hoarseness
ABCD
MANGO-IP
M Metabolic( DKA)/Meds
A Anorexia
N Neurological (BETA) = Bleed/Encephalitis/Tumor/Abscess
G Gastroenteritis
O Obstruction (pyloric /Intestinal)
I Inflammation (Pyelonephr/Cholecyst/Appendic/Pancreat/PID) -ITIS
P Pregnancy
Erectile dysfunction
LIM-PENIS
L Libido
I Injury (back-penis)
M Medications (B#)
P PMH HTN,DM, peripheral vascular dis./ PSH prostate
Pyrenois dis.
Performance anexiety
E Erections at all morning
N Nocturia
I Incontinence urine, stool
S Stress/Depression
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
15
TIPS
DIZZYNESS:
-ROOM SPINNING>>EAR
-LIGHT HEADEDNESS>>HEART/BRAIN
DIZZINESS / PALPITATION:
ANY CASE OF BOTH, ASK ABOUT THE OTHER
Chronic cough: do not forget;
-contact with TB
-HIV status
-drugs: ACEI
Sexual history:
- Are you Sexually Active?
- How Many Partners are you active with?
- Are your partner male or female or both? Unless the SP says wife or
husband in Q 2
- Do you use protection during intercourse?
- What kind of protection do you use?
- Ask about anal intercourse in male homosexuals
- H/ STD's, Rx for STD's
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
16
Cranial Nerves:
2 optic
3
4
6
5
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducent
11 accessory
12 hypoglossal
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
17
Dizziness vertigo
-BPPV
-Labrynthitis
-vestibular Neuritis
-Meneires dis
Psychiatry
-schizoaffective disorder
-schizophrenia
-schizophreniform disorder
-psychotic disorder due to GMC
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
Friends for DD
Headache / Migraine
-Migraine
-Cluster headache
-Tension headache
PED.
-GE
-URI
-UTI
-Meningitis
-OM
-Scarlet fever
-Measles
-Varicella
18
ANY C/O:
Analyze CC in 6 Qs:
-Onset/Course/Duration
-PRECIPitating/ALLEViating/AGGravating
factors
In this way you will cover more than 80% on a
case you do not know!
You PASS !
(Learn the table on the margin by heart; you will
appreciate it on the day of exam!)
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
1-CC
2-ASSOC. SYMP SAME
SYSTEM
3-ROS HEAD TO TOE
CC: OCD,PRECIP.,Av/Ag
-WHEN DID IT START?
-HOW OFTEN DO U
HAVE IT?
-SINCE IT STARTED,
HAVE U NOTICED ANY
CHANGE IN IT?
-WHAT DO U THINK
THE CAUSE FOR IT?
-HAVE U NOTICED ANY
THING THAT MAKE IT
BETER?
-HAVE U NOTICED ANY
THING THAT MAKE IT
WORSE?
19
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
20
MsK;
1.Do you have any joint pain?
2. Do you have any Muscle pain?
3.Do you have any stiffness?
4. Any swelling of the joint?
5. Any numbness?
6.Any weakness?
7.Any tingling?
8.Do you have any difficulty in walking?
THYROID;
1.Do you have difficulty adjusting to changes in the weather?
2.Have you noticed any Changes in your skin? hair?
3. Do you feel sad?
4.Any changes in Bowel habits?
5. any changes in weight/appetite?
Urinary;
FINISH CUP
1. How often do u pass urine?
2. Do you feel like ur bladder is not fully empty?
3.Do you have to go to bathroom at night?
4. do u lose control of urine?
5. How is your urinary stream?
6. have u ever passed stones?
7. Do you have to push hard during urinat.?
8. Do you have to wait 4 urine to come out?
9. Have you noticed any Blood in urine?
10. what is the color of urine?
11. Do you have to rush to bathroom for urination?
12. Do you have pain during urination?
13. do u have flank pain?
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
21
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
22
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com
23
Easy-K series
drkhalilezekiel@yahoo.com