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  • Role of The Ergon Argument

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    danielschwartz88
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    Deborah Achtenberg

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    Role of the Ergon Argument

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    Deborah Achtenberg

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    12 Ansichten11 Seiten

    Role of The Ergon Argument

    Hochgeladen von

    danielschwartz88
    Deborah Achtenberg

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Als PDF herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 11
    acin Piosory 9 ‘Chats Pubes, a ‘The Role ofthe Ergon Argument in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics Deborah Achtenberg, Recent iterature onthe Zo (ergon)arpuest a Aristo’ Ncomachean ihies ‘Teoversa vara of pice, P. Olsen and Kalen Wilkes consider the fly whch ‘eal fom confsing the ood man andthe ood for mn (Gasen 1957; Wiks 1975). ‘Berard Suis, Stephen Car, and myseif eas whether the atibton of an ergon ‘ofan beings makes them mor xan thy actualy ar (Suits 974; Clark 197, 1975,ch. 21, Actenber forthcoming) tebe Clark, Tomas Nagel and lan ‘hatter ought be understood to mern someting ter ha fanction, Clark op- ing fr characteristic atv Nagel or that which we do which makes us what we se unl for ‘fnngeapeaty or anti” (Car 1971, 1075 ch 2.1; Naga 187? ‘Achcabersfontcomung), Richard Kraut considers whether it ico team tht enteplation she pci fnction of man given tha itis an atv shared by the ted (Kraut 197). “Thee no, another ssa of ommenary fn whichitsasked not wheter the argumeat valid or sound, dnt how o contro th terms we in, Dut what ‘role, Onthistope, tere are two poles of commentary. Some sy tat te ergor tgumentis unnecessary. J-L. Astin, forexample, sates that, "Tt roundabout vay ‘of bongng in he discsion fn tnd to Sa place of unnecessary Aristotelian ‘ease Aust 1967.28) Moce sen, Mick Kaczewa and Rona Polansky ‘take a mir pein: "We simply do tf Arse appealing the human fun tin ai inn sping ou te ban vires’ (Kaczowk and Polansky 1986, 3). (Others claim tht Aristo nrodoes the gon argument nt his account in oder t0 encourage ust cmphsie what isextenall duran abou ouralve over that which ‘weshare with plas andthe ohersninal. WFR. Hard, foro, sates hat‘ Ariso te proceeds on the sumption hts best fr man exerie the powers which are pula hin (Hardie 1968, 24- Martha Nusbaum, ore rece, claims that inthe argament ‘Arse commends this reflective aadence life th..invoves theexereiscof ll our aman capecies, ands thas a ly buna if, ater than one ‘which coud js aswel be led by 2 plan ora cow...” (Nussbaum 197,106)" I what commentator tbe fit ole cam struc, then the Ncomachean ihc is oc god a work as one might hope or expec. Aferal, Aso ims hat virwe {sderivedfomou erg abd that apne isthe activi of vioe (VE. 1587-12; 1096a16) IReommentators athe ter pole argh tea Aristo’ ehicsisarzey onpersusive Suppor tat Tamamemberofaspeces distinguished rational action. ” ‘Wy sould phasic the specify human over ta whic sno? kis nota eve en ansmpion ht activites re lee preferable simpy cna they are shared by ‘plants or non-human anil A hid sterprerton, ten reqied: oe ia which {hcergn argmeat snot onnecessr bt esa, and which does ot assume tat we ‘ought ceaggrte or specific human dilleence,Thsessy isan argument for sach Se imerpeaion. 1 ow, then, isthe egom argument cent to Arise’ Nicomachean Ethics Its ental ecase ve the completion restive ta hig’ proper ergo, and com- pletion of thing differeatn kind are themselves fleet. Tat itis reativeto proper ‘rg saad ath remarks precoding the aecountofthe inlet vines: he vir {ee ofeach hing i elaive tits ergo, special, tits proper ergo 3 voy 3 ttn) you want oad the vr of thing, ten, Jook oot just any aspect of ‘Gethng we usttoany ergo ofthe ing, tos proper. hats 8 ening, ergo.” “Tat ioe ia compleion (emg) is stated at Pes vi 3.246a10-17 “Aza, ispoitons wheter ofthe body o of he ou, ae ‘alate Porson dposions ar vires and others vie, {cd nee vnue nor vce an aleraton: vie sa completion {for whe ening sures is owe vata, en es a be ‘Sompet_for then ts oat in acordanoe with mtre—forexa- pie aeice is complete when when tcomes tobe a cirle most of ‘und wha is be), while vices the destracton ofthis oF he Sepa rom it “The susiion of ioe, then, hoagh it s'achange, It nota changin kind Its nt ‘hedestation of be of wo contaries andthe replacement of bythe ote. Instead, itis completion ofa hing of ceria Kind (ora east the it completion of, Sins secon end ial completo the activity fv) 1 would be absurd, Arse Syst suppose that th coping orig ofa hous isan alteration nd not a omple- thn otha in esiving te coping or tilag a hows is alieed and not completed, So tls wih vies and vices in general and, sina, withthe things tat possessor cule tho: for virtues arcompleon an vies departs tus, hy ar not alter Sou (Pr. vk 3.246017-03). As coping or tings toa howe, we may thus op owe, 50 scqurngvewe i toa human beng: binging to completion of someting ‘Shick as eady comet be, and ome wo be of certain kind, Bat which 2 yet as ‘nly comet be a incomplete member ofthat ind.* A house isa structure capable ‘Stprovidng Ser, When sare added toe root, he ing potential ofthe hose Ss otchagal ts ot estoy and rele Some cer defining potent. Insead, iis rout clorrtocmpeine Hur being areanial capable of ronal civ. ‘When hey seu vray thelr defining poten i not changed ts ot destroyed tnd replaned by sme diferent ote Instead, when aman beings acquire ioe, ‘whether edicl orl, thei penal for aional activity i brought closer t0 ‘completion. "To cla ht vrwe is completed potest oleate tat the second grade inthe swell gown Aristotelian station of poten i two grades (Mea. 12; Phy ‘vi 3). Theres simple ota, and thn tees completed potential orf he. » ‘Simple potetial isthe apy tact o bead. Competed potenti or hex is thecapaiytoact or be effeced wel agin what ar caled “capac are capac: teseiher of singly sting orbeing flected, of of ating or beng affected wel” (Me, {x 104ea1), Ths ised oe lows one iste capacity fr being ase: “Snher in sth poston i tobe alloted by change forthe worse or by enroctin” (1011: 13). Virue i euch a herr; hats ts a disposition ro be Uralfeced by change forthe wore o by destruc, Inthe Physics Aristo makes this pon both about vitucand about vce. Virtue pls what possesses tina good on- (ion with epaato wha fects aconton of being unffcedby what Gesoys icand affected by what prodoces i Vie, on the oer and, ps what poseses its ‘Ton coniton with tga o wit affect acon of beng affected by what Jesuoys tang umafeted by wha podocesit Phys vi3 246089, 17-20, Virwe' thu, someon, and vice’ deparre. Vise, asin second grde or completed pote specially, second-grade or compl defining potential Since defining ret sthe same as ergon, vit ir eood grade or completed ergon Tt does ot ‘Epc rt grade defining potential or erg. instead iste fit order of comple- ton relative oe "Tat completions relative to things of iferet kind are themseives different is ted, ty Aro na umber of passages Inbiefrstdcusson of plestrehe tats: hings dleenin king ar, we hak, completed by diferent hings' (Ex 311754222. Indlephyse in under te rabric of scr’ (vere), he mak the same pot “Acuality,be say there, cannot be defined, but mas be scm enop) in particular (snsby analogy, The complain ofthe moveable by movements nt these, Dut fs aalogus to, he completion of mater by substance; and so alo with the aways incomplete completion of the potnially inine an the completion in islfof ati: these completion ae noe same, bot ae analogous. riod makes th same ois “asin Metaphysics 5. Atal and potest, he ays, "both are fren fo

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